Alternative sources of energy and their legal regulation in the context of the Czech and the Community law The purpose of my thesis is to analyze alternative or renewable sources of energy. The aim of the thesis is to examine the legal background of renewable sources in the law of European Union and the Czech law. Renewable sources of energy are fundamental instrument to deal with such challenges as environmental protection, climate change and energy security. Author outlines importance of the support schemes and the recent development of the solar power in the Czech Republic. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of renewable sources of energy. Chapter one is introductory and deals with general introduction to the renewable sources of energy. The chapter is subdivided into two parts. Part one focuses on general description of energy sources that can be divided on renewable and non renewable sources. This part also describes general advantages and disadvantages of the use of renewable sources of energy. Part Two investigates actual use of the biofuels and use of the renewable sources of energy for the production of electricity, both in the European Union and the Czech Republic. Chapter two examines legal background of the renewable sources of energy in the...

The aim of the paper "Instalace hybridních lamp v České republice" is to reflect on the worldwide phenomenon of renewable energy and its usage in everyday life in the form of a street lighting. Hybrid lamps are particular for the combination of the wind and solar power they generate thanks to the wind turbine and photovoltaic panels they carry. In order to evaluate their possible installation in the Czech Republic the business plan is viewed from four different perspectives - technological, economic, ecological and legal.

Ces dernières années, nous assistons à une prise de conscience généralisée de l'importance des impacts de notre mode de vie sur l'environnement, particulièrement en ce qui concerne le réchauffement global. L'objectif des politiques environnementales actuelles est le passage à des productions et des consommations durables qui passent par l'amélioration des performances énergétiques et environnementales des processus de production. De manière à réaliser cet objectif, la méthode de l'analyse du cycle de vie constitue à l'heure actuelle la méthode d'évaluation environnementale la plus largement utilisée. Cette méthode est ici appliquée dans le cadre de la production d'énergie renouvelable (électricité, chaleur, énergie motrice d'un véhicule) à partir de la biomasse d'origine agricole et forestière. Trois filières sont envisagées: la biométhanisation par fermentation d'effluents d'élevage et de cultures énergétiques, le bois énergie, et les biocarburants liquides purs et en mélange (5 % en volume) avec des carburants classiques (huile de colza, ester méthylique d'huile de colza, éthanol, éthyl tertio butyl éther). Il est prouvé que les énergies renouvelables participent à la réduction des impacts sur le réchauffement global et sur la diminution des ressources fossiles. Le présent travail apporte des éléments originaux sur plusieurs points. Outre ces deux aspects et au travers de trois méthodes d'analyse (CML 2 BASELINE 2000, ECOINDICATEUR 99 et IMPACT 2002+), d'autres catégories d'impact sont analysées de manière à fournir une information la plus complète possible sur la charge environnementale des filières étudiées. Les productions d'énergie des différentes filières considérées sont comparées avec des filières classiques utilisant des ressources fossiles pour un ensemble de charges environnementales en concordance avec la méthodologie de l'analyse du cycle de vie. Les méthodes d'analyse d'impact évoquées ci-dessus sont introduites successivement pour les comparaisons de chacune des filières avec les filières classiques. Afin de vérifier si le résultat environnemental obtenu est robuste à la méthode d'analyse d'impact, les trois filières utilisant la biomasse sont comparées entre elles avec les trois méthodes d'analyse d'impact. Compte tenu des résultats d'analyse d'impact, nous analysons si l'incertitude globale sur le résultat permet de considérer que les productions énergétiques comparées sont significativement différentes d'un point de vue environnemental. Les résultats montrent de manière générale, que les filières biométhanisation, bois énergie et biocarburants sont plus intéressantes que les filières classiques d'un point de vue environnemental global. L'application des trois méthodes d'analyse d'impact a permis de montrer que le choix d'une méthode n'est pas anodin et que les résultats peuvent être sensiblement différents en utilisant l'une ou l'autre des méthodes. La comparaison entre elles des trois filières montre que, pour des valorisations énergétiques analogues (production de chaleur en chaudière par exemple), la production énergétique par la filière biométhanisation est plus intéressante que la valorisation de l'huile (scores environnementaux de la production de chaleur en chaudière par la méthode IMPACT 2002+: 4,15.10-6 pt pour la chaudière au biogaz et 8,55.10-6 pt pour la chaudière fonctionnant à l'huile de colza). Le niveau de classement de la production énergétique de bois va dépendre des hypothèses retenues sur la gestion des cendres et sur le contrôle ou non des émissions. Les résultats d'analyses d'incertitude réalisées systématiquement montrent que l'incertitude globale est dans certains cas importante et ne permet pas de différencier de manière significative les systèmes de produits. Les différentes informations présentées dans cette étude constituent cependant autant d'éléments d'analyse objectifs dans le cadre d'un processus de décision qui concernerait le développement futur des filières étudiées./ Last few years, we attend a generalized awakening of our way of life influence to environmental impacts, particularly with regard to the global warming. The goal of the current environmental policies is the conversion to sustainable consumption and productions, making necessary the improvement of energy and environmental performance. To carry out this goal, the life cycle assessment is at present, the most largely used environmental assessment method. This method is applied in this study within the framework of the renewable energy (electricity, heat, mechanical energy in a vehicule) production from agricultural and wood biomass. Three reactor systems are considered: The co-fermentation of breeding effluents and energy crops, the wood fuels, the neat and blended (5 % volume) biofuels with fossil fuels. The biofuels considered are: rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil methyl ester, ethanol from wheat and sugar beet and ETBE (ethyl tertio butyl ether). It is proven that renewable energies take part in the global warming mitigation and in the reduction of the fossil resources depletion. The present work brings original elements on several points. In addition to these two impact categories and through three assessment methods (CML 2 BASELINE 2000, ECOINDICATOR 99 and IMPACT 2002+) we approach other impact categories in order to provide the most complete information on the environmental load of the studied reactor systems. The energy productions of the various reactor systems considered are compared with conventional reactor systems using fossil fuels for a whole of environmental loads, in agreement with the life cycle assessment methodology. The impact assessment methods cited above are introduced successively for each reactor system comparison with the traditional ones. In order to check if the environmental result obtained is robust with the impact assessment method, the three reactor systems using biomass are compared between each other with the three impact assessment methods and the results are analyzed. Taking into account the impact assessment results, we analyze if the global uncertainty on the result makes it possible to consider that the compared energy productions are significantly different from an environmental point of view. The impact assessment results show in a general way, that the reactor systems considered are more interesting from a global environmental point of view than the traditional ones. The application of the three impact assessment methods shows that it does matter which method one choose and that the results can be sensitive to the method used. The three reactor systems comparison shows that for similar energy development (heat production in a boiler for example), the energy production by using biogas from fermentation is more interesting than the energy production from rapeseed oil (IMPACT 2002+ scores for boiler heat production: 4,15.10-6 pt for the biogas boiler and 8,55.10-6 pt for the rapeseed oil boiler). The classification of wood energy production will depend on the assumptions retained on ashes management and on the emissions control. The results of uncertainty analysis carried out systematically show that the global uncertainty is in some cases important and does not allow to differentiate significantly the compared product systems. The various information highlighted in this study however constitutes as many objective elements of analysis within the framework of a decision-making process which would relate to the future development of the studied reactor systems.

Electric energy is part of our lives. We use electric energy everyday in our lives at home or work. The use ranges from home lighting to using computers or traffic lights. Electric energy became the indispensable part of our days. Electric energy is included in the fields of critical infrastructure which is essential to maintain safety and running the country. Power cut of critical infrastructure jeopardize the common being of inhabitants and also the safety of this region. Critical infrastructure is based in the Czech law of crisis management nb. 240/2000Cl and also in government regulation nb. 432/2010Cl about criteria of dealing crisis infrastructure. It is necessary to be prepared for every aspect of power cuts in the critical infrastructure field thoroughly as power cut can endanger human society and state. Because of the serious threat human society and state is essential to the individual areas of critical infrastructure failures to adequately prepare.Readiness to electrical power outage is a main theme of this thesis. The thesis focus on region of Cesky Krumlov located in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. Theoretical part of thesis named Power outage from the perspective of the crisis staff ORP Cesky Krumlov deals the aspects of electric energy and critical infrastructure. Reader learns about production, transport and distribution of electrical energy. Reader can also find information about power outages black outs. The thesis explains the meaning of word Infrastructure and also clarifies critical infrastructure and following protection of critical infrastructure. The thesis includes more information about critical infrastructure i.e. which documents deals with the problem of critical infrastructure, when and why the protection of critical infrastructure started and who was pioneer of the field problem. The thesis also describes the field of blackouts and gives the examples of the biggest blackouts which have every occurred in the world. The thesis reveals the cause of mentioned blackouts if the cause was human error, technical problem or overload of transmission system. The thesis shows the impact of blackouts on suffering population time they spent without electricity and how many people was affected with blackout, to complete the picture of blackouts. The last chapter is about crises staff. Reader learns about meaning of crisis staff and why and in which situations is the crisis staff in session. The thesis names and describes the crisis staffs at every level and describes the structure of crisis staff on every level government crises staff, county crisis staff and region crisis staff. The researcher part of this thesis is focused on region of Cesky Krumlov. The region is divided in municipalities and its belonging townships.The thesis gives picture about region population and its average age. The thesis also gives information about main water reservoirs and watercourses in region. The thesis mentions the leading farm economies which can be jeopardize during electric power outage. The thesis defines and analyses secondary crisis situations, which can occur during long lasting electrical power outage. The conclusion focus on the thesis research question "Is crises staff of region CeskýKrumlov prepared for the crises of electrical power outage?" The answer for the research question was ascertain by methods of risk analysing-the Checklist analysis and SWOT analysis. The research question was answered, based on these two analyses. One method was used to check the readiness for electrical power outage and following protection of region population of crisis staff of region CeskýKrumlov. The second method marks off strong and weak parts, opportunities and threats from the electrical power cut point of view. Following percentage calculation shows, what is the biggest danger for region of Cesky Krumlov in the moment of electrical power outage.

Content of diploma project is primarily theme of natural buildings. It is complex subject of materials, technologies, environmental conditions and most of all integration into the landscape knowledges. Manmade living spaces that respect the laws of nature and friendly approach to the environment, maybe so called as Bio Houses. Surname Bio Solar Houses are named those with maximal use of solar energy. Part of this project is overview of various types of natural buildings, possibilities of using natural materials and approaches to the use of solar power. Own design presents study of the family earth house and garden project of a plot. For project was selected building side in a calm location of Prague Troja. This sloping plot is oriented at South so it gives the best conditions for this building concept. The house benefits from all positives of the earth buildings. Mainly perfect thermal insulation and acoustics properties, which are connected with saving energy. There is moreover interior accumulative wall, which increases heat gains during the winter season. Ventilation system, heating and cooling use vertical ground heat pump and ground heat exchanger. Hot water is prepared by Solar panels with support of photovoltaic system. Rain water is collected for further use. Garden reflects the character of family house, natural conditions of the place and the purpose of use. It is designed for relaxation, active leisure time and for utility. Important role plays a psychological effect coming from choice of elements, especially small garden architecture, materials, tree planting, perennials and interactions of overall composition. The plot has complex design with use of natural environmental properties to create space for living. According to the laws of nature garden never serves only for humans, it is also home for many representatives of small animals and vegetation.

This work discusses the development of solar energy exploitation in Czech republic and partially in Germany. It contains basic definitions of terms in the area of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, fotovoltaic powrplants etc. In next part it describes development of solar systems in Czech republic and birth of legislation that regulates it. The main part of the work analyzes status quo of solar systems in Czech republic, especially in relation to continuous development of legislative environment. Equal attention is paid to solar energy evolution in Germany and its simmilarities with Czech environment. Based on these findings potential trends are outlined.

The Thesis are focused on the area of strategic management using the strategies selection and decision making processes, based on the Game Theory apparatus. The analyses of local energy sources potential and possible use in local transportation are the basis of the Thesis. The problems of energy maintenance and efficient utilisation have not decreasing its importance even in the situation of technology & technical improvements; there are no universally-suitable processes found in this area. One of the approaches should be in the philosophy of maximising the utilisation of local resources to minimise the expenses of the transportation of the energies itself. The Thesis are focused on the increased efficiency of local energy-resources utilisation combined with continuously increasing energy demands in the area of transportation area. The Target is to construct model, having proportionally characterised the suitable strategies to the decision -- making in the areas of local energies production and/or their utilisation in the area of the local transportation demand saturation. The Game Theory approaches creating the basis for the different interested groups; it allows to compare the advantages of different options / strategies of the progress, having respected counter-strategies of the other parties of the conflict situation. The recommendation of the most advantageous strategies for the individual interested groups of the conflict (transport companies, potential producers of energies from local resources, society) is the result of the process. The construction of the model, having the ability to compare the merits of different options -- related to the energies-utilisation (strategies) is the contribution of the thesis. There is specific approach given to allow finding the results suitable for both interested parties of the conflict situation (producers of the organic matter for the energy production, potential energy producers, local transporting companies). All the results are based mainly on the verified statistic data sources. Resulting model allow good and transparent comparison of different strategies of the different interested groups related to the energy resources. The results could work not only in the area of theoretical calculations, but also companies and interested parties strategies recommendations to their own decision-making processes.

This master thesis analyses the German energy policy, mainly the new concept which is known as Energiewende. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter is about theoretical background. The second chapter deals with the energy policy in Germany. It mentions single concepts of the energy policy in Germany. It describes institutions and legislation, which are essential for the energy policy in Germany. It deals with the energy sources in Germany as well as with the electricity. The third chapter describes measures which are essential for success of Energiewende -- it refers mainly to the new network, electricity efficiency in all fields, new power plants and electricity storage. Last, the fourth, chapter evaluates the energy policy in Germany. It contains experts' points of view, opinions of people living in Germany (based on my own survey) and my own commentary, where are the conclusions summarized.

This thesis deals with the national economy importance of electricity from renewable energy sources in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part introduces the different types of RES legislation relative to RES and energy intensity of the economy of the Czech Republic. Analytical part shows the financial impact of support RES in the Czech Republic to year 2030.

This diploma thesis deals with the transformation of solar and wind energy into electrical energy by using a photovoltaic panel and a wind turbine. The work gives insight into the Czech Republic’s issue of energetics in the context of historical development, the current state, and the expected future development. The primary attention is given to the renewable sources - the solar energy and wind energy. Basic principles of creation and manipulation of solar and wind energy are described in this work. Two laboratory tasks are created for the Renewable Energy Sources' class as a part of the practical part.