This diploma thesis deals with the legal regulation of renewable sources of energy in the Czech Republic. It appraises the efficient legal regulation of renewable energy sources by taking in consideration the economic and legal perspectives while respecting the current economic situation trends and policies of the European Union and the Czech Republic. Emphasis is placed on the differences of various types of renewable energy and describing their characteristics for utilization in the Czech Republic. The new role of entities in the electricity market after the Act No. 165/2012 Coll. about Supported Energy Sources has come into force, is discussed. The ascertained deficiencies reflect future recommendations for changing the legal regulation and strategic documents which define the further development of renewable sources of energy in the Czech Republic.

This thesis describes the issue of renewable sources of energy in Mladá Boleslav and its surroundings, with a more narrow focus on the use of biomass. The main goal is to establish conditions of biomass in terms of its location, demand, and linkages to other sectors in the region. The general concepts in law and specifically in renewable energy laws, policies and directives given to the theoretical part. The nationwide perspective, describe the most important types of renewable resources that have potential or are currently being used in terms of media topics. The practical part of the region defined by Mladá Boleslav, whose character is construed narrowly, since it is aimed to assess the assumptions, uses different types of renewable energy in the region, or hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal energy, and especially biomass. Subsequently, the link between regional bodies, which grow biomass, body and handle it, and those who use it. This is particularly the potential treatment of residual or excess crop production for the purposes of electricity generation in biogas plants, home heating and production of biofuels. A separate section of the work is devoted to the important regional environmental agency, SKO-ENERGO Ltd., which supplies power and heat in the car factory as well as the majority of households in Mladá Boleslav. There are highlighted the benefits and importance of the statutory town, assessed the link between the heat station and the automaker, reported collaboration with other organizations and projects that SKO-ENERGO, Ltd. contributes to local regional development. Finally, it is evaluated the use of local support for renewable sources of public administration, compared with the Regional Energy Policy of the city Mladá Boleslav and proposed solutions for improvement. The text is clearly accompanied by maps, charts and cartograms.

Thesis deals with the use of renewable sources of energy focused on water energy, especially small hydropower plants in Czech Republic. It should clarify the legal and technical framework for energy production in small hydro power plants, types of aid and the amount for the operator. Case studies describe the construction and reconstruction of small hydroelectric power plants which are dependant on the amount of feed-in tariffs and try to find out the economic efficiency according to the selected methods of investment appraisal.

Cette thèse a pour objet d'étudier la rhéologie des mousses 2D. Des mousses monodisperses sont soumises à une déformation cyclique localisée en régime quasistatique. Un dispositif expérimental sollicite la mousse par gonflage et dégonflage d'une bulle centrale (BC) et suit l'évolution de la pression de la BC au cours du temps. Au gonflage, les expériences ont montré que BC choisit une direction d'ouverture privilégiée. L'analyse de sa forme montre un régime isotrope où la bulle est ronde puis un régime anisotrope où la bulle est de forme pointue de direction aléatoire. Les expériences ont montré que, durant les deux premiers cycles, des changements topologiques (T1) se produisent partout dans la mousse. Après ce régime transitoire, les T1 se produisent uniquement à proximité de la BC de façon ordonnée et réversible. Dans ce régime, après chaque cycle, l'énergie de la mousse est identique. Donc toute l'énergie injectée est dissipée par les T1. Le calcul de l'énergie injectée a permis d'en déduire l'énergie moyenne dissipée par un T1. Enfin, une analyse plus fine montre que le T1 a un effet sur les autres bulles de la mousse. Pour cela nous avons calculé, lors d'un T1, les fluctuations de pression des bulles par le logiciel Surface Evolver ainsi que leurs déplacements. L'analyse montre une réponse quadripolaire de la mousse au T1. L'influence de la distance au T1 a montré une atténuation des sauts de pression. Cette atténuation se rapproche à la fois d'une loi de puissance ou d'une exponentielle, sans que l'on ait pu discriminer les deux comportements. Le meilleur ajustement exponentiel donne une longueur d'écrantage de 2 diamètres de bulles quelle que soit la taille de la mousse.

Two examples of our biophotonic research utilizing nanoparticles are presented, namely laser-based fluoroimmuno analysis and in-vivo optical oxygen monitoring. Results of the work include significantly enhanced sensitivity of a homogeneous fluorescence immunoassay and markedly improved spatial resolution of oxygen gradients in root nodules of a legume species.

Quantum dots (QDs) are common as luminescing markers for imaging in biological applications because their optical properties seem to be inert against their surrounding solvent. This, together with broad and strong absorption bands and intense, sharp tuneable luminescence bands, makes them interesting candidates for methods utilizing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), e. g. for sensitive homogeneous fluoroimmunoassays (FIA). In this work we demonstrate energy transfer from Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-trisbipyridin (Eu-TBP) donors to CdSe-ZnS-QD acceptors in solutions with and without serum. The QDs are commercially available CdSe-ZnS core-shell particles emitting at 655 nm (QD655). The FRET system was achieved by the binding of the streptavidin conjugated donors with the biotin conjugated acceptors. After excitation of Eu-TBP and as result of the energy transfer, the luminescence of the QD655 acceptors also showed lengthened decay times like the donors. The energy transfer efficiency, as calculated from the decay times of the bound and the unbound components, amounted to 37%. The Förster-radius, estimated from the absorption and emission bands, was ca. 77 Å. The effective binding ratio, which not only depends on the ratio of binding pairs but also on unspecific binding, was obtained from the donor emission dependent on the concentration. As serum promotes unspecific binding, the overall FRET efficiency of the assay was reduced. We conclude that QDs are good substitutes for acceptors in FRET if combined with slow decay donors like Europium. The investigation of the influence of the serum provides guidance towards improving binding properties of QD assays.

SITUATION DE LA PLACE DE LA CONCENTRATION DANS LE DOMAINE DE LA RECHERCHE ACTUELLE EN CONVERSION PHOTOVOLTAIQUE. ANALYSE DE DEUX EXPERIMENTATIONS DE SYSTEMES A CONCENTRATION PAR LENTILLES DE FRESNEL: SOPHOCLE 100 W ET SOPHOCLE 500 W. COMPARAISON AVEC LES PANNEAUX DE CELLULES SOUS CONCENTRATION PERMETTANT DE DEGAGER LES PERSPECTIVES DE DEVELOPPEMENT DU SYSTEME SOPHOCLE

Die Broschüre beschreibt Möglichkeiten der Wärmeversorgung von sächsischen Gartenbaubetrieben mit Geothermie in Abhängigkeit von geologischen Standortfaktoren und Betriebsstrukturen/ Nutzungskonzepten. Ziel des Projektes war, für die Beheizung von Gewächshäusern den Einsatz von Geothermie zur Grundlastversorgung zu untersuchen. Hervorzuheben ist hierbei die Verknüpfung der geologischen/geothermisch und gärtnereitechnischen Komponente. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, welches geothermische System die wirtschaftlichste Variante für Gewächshäuser und deren Nutzung ist. Das Projekt stellt eine Entscheidungsgrundlage für die Nutzung von Geothermie in sächsischen Gartenbaubetrieben dar.

Die Broschüre gibt einen Überblick über die Ergebnisse des EU-Projektes TransGeoTherm. Im Projekt wurde ein grenzüberschreitendes 3D-Modell entwickelt, das den geologischen Untergrund der Neiße-Region darstellt. Mit dem 3D-Modell wurden geothermische Potenzialkarten berechnet. Damit steht erstmals für diese Region ein Hilfsmittel für die qualifizierte Planung geothermischer Anlagen zur Verfügung. Der Abschlussbericht richtet sich an Bürger, Unternehmen, Behörden und Institutionen, die sich mit der Erdwärmenutzung befassen.

Using chilled water within South African gold mines is paramount to the purpose of extracting gold ore efficiently. Using water for cooling, drilling and sweeping and the release of underground fissure water causes the accumulation of vast amounts of water in underground dams. Deep mines use cascading pump systems for dewatering, which is an electrical energy intensive dewatering method. Due to the recent equalisation of demand to generation capacity of electrical energy in South Africa, various methods towards demand side reduction have been implemented. With the introduction of a time-of-use (TOU) tariff structure by Eskom, the implementation of projects that shift load from peak TOU times to times of the day when electrical energy is less expensive has increased. To enable load shifting on mine dewatering pumps, preparation before and recovery after peak TOU is needed for effective results. This induces a preparation- and comeback load in the standard TOU. With an annual increase in TOU tariffs and the rate of increase of standard TOU being greater than that of the peak TOU, a reduction in electrical energy consumption before and after peak TOU is needed. To enable this, a step-by-step control technique was developed to promote the shifting of load from standard- to off-peak TOU, while still realising a full load shift from peak TOU. This technique entails dynamic control ranges of underground dam levels as opposed to the conventional constant control range method. Two case studies were used to test the developed technique. Results indicated significant additional financial savings when compared to conventional control methods. Additional savings of R1,096,056.65 and R579,394.27 per annum were respectively achieved for both case studies. / MIng (Mechanical Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014