There were three big oil crises in twenty century, and all made international political shakes. The global warming triggered the climate change, the rising of sea horizon and other environmental problems. The advanced countries begin to think about decreasing the dependency of fossil fuels as economic grows. Both the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and the United Nations Copenhagen Climate Change Conference in 2009 were the evidences that most of the countries in the world are all concerned about climate change and economical environments. Furthermore, the Kyoto Protocol and the United Nations Climate Change Conferences affected the global economic policies, and also generated new ideas of green economy. Because of the impacts from the environmental and economic view, many countries made new green energy policies to develop renewable energy, promote green industry, wake up environment protection ideas, and broadcast the education of save energy saving and carbon reduction. This thesis uses the historical method, content analysis method and comparative method and the public policy theory as the theory basement. Then the thesis introduces the summary of global green energy industry. Taiwan and Singapore are called as Four Asian Little Dragons, but both lack of nature resources and depend on energy importation. The thesis discusses the policies on green industry of the Taiwan and Singapore, and also discusses the outputs of the policies. The final part is the policy comparisons between the two governments.

近年來，全球氣候暖化問題嚴重，造成地球環境的變遷，加上能源安全威脅與經濟、環境永續發展的考量，世界各國對於節能減碳的議題日漸重視。車輛電動化即在減少溫室氣體排放、改善生活環境、加強能源安全及掌握產業發展轉型契機等因素驅動下，成為全球車輛發展的重要趨勢，全球電動車產業結構與產業網絡正在逐漸成形中。 本研究係針對全球主要國家政府在面對電動車這個新興產業發展時，所採取的政策進行分析與探討，並且以日本、美國、中國、德國政府政策為探討目標，從文獻回顧及專業機構報告中整理分析各國政府的產業政策，試圖探討政府的角色與定位，進一步描繪出台灣政府應該扮演的角色，並且提出建議，作為政府於制定產業政策時之參考，期能對電動車產業做出貢獻，讓台灣電動車產業在此波革命浪潮中，創造出更高的價值及競爭力。 本研究發現，電動車新興產業在發展過程中充滿許多經濟面、市場面、環境面以及技術面的發展限制，本研究在羅列出的十六項發展限制中，有高達十一項限制與政府的政策息息相關。汽車百年產業革命成功與否，業界對於政府是否能創造具有競爭優勢的發展環境要求殷切，於是在電池研發技術未臻成熟、產業各項標準尚未建立之際，各國政府紛紛伸出<看得見的那隻手>，從產業研究發展獎勵、消費市場購車、用車以及充電基礎建設普及的促成與補助，配合業者在關鍵技術發展的努力、商業模式的發展、產業群聚的形成、充電基礎建設的普及、維修體系的建置、社會大眾對於環境品質的需求、用車習慣的改變、電動車節能形象的認同……等種種助力，形成產業能量面的推升力量以及市場需求的拉力，形塑出電動車未來發展的良性循環，試圖在此領域內創造出比較優勢，促使這一波新的汽車產業革命形成。 　　值此關鍵時期，台灣政府如何提供本國產業一臂之力，期於未來世界汽車產業佔有一席之地？這是許多業者關心的議題。目前，各國政府紛紛制訂獎勵政策協助業者以及消費者對於電動車發展與使用的認同；尤其德國政府作法積極，從保持人民生活品質、解決石油倚賴問題、強化經濟傳統命脈的汽車工業，從環境結構、基礎設施到社會大眾的消費習慣宣導著手，具體規劃國家新經濟遠景，將德國塑造成世界電動車大國，這是非常值得台灣政府參考的典範。 本研究建議，電動車產業處發展初階段，眾家車廠以及各國政府皆在摸索前行中，台灣政府應參考各國政府政策後，了解台灣產業的優勢與機會，從基礎設施到新能源政策、基本軟硬體投資環境的建置著手，協助業者發展創造出友善的投資環境並且積極發展國內電動車運行，累積出屬於台灣自己的<台灣EV經驗>，協助業者強化電動車相關技術，除藉由電動車的普及來降低國內對於石油的依賴外，倘若能成功推行電動車成為國際典範，讓世界看到台灣先進的科技與環保觀念，提升國際形象，在時機成熟時，提供關鍵零件技術，利用中國的潛在市場，參與國際標準制定，創造出台灣電動車產業的發展空間。 / The worsening problem of global warming in recent years has led to the environmental changes on Earth. This fact, along with the emerging threats to energy security and the call for sustainable economic and environmental development, has drawn increasing worldwide attention on the issues of energy saving and carbon reduction. As a result, the EV (Electric Vehicle) industry is gaining increasing importance in the global automobile market, driven by various motives including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving living environment, safeguarding energy security and seizing the opportunities of industrial transformation. The industrial structure and network of the global EV market is gradually taking shape. The purpose of this research is to explore and analyze the policies adopted by the governments of the world’s leading countries on the emerging EV industry, focusing on Japan, the USA, China and Germany. By reviewing historical documents and professional reports, the author has probed the industrial policies of these countries, endeavoring to identify the roles of the governments in this process and, furthermore, to depict the roles and positions of the government of Taiwan. The author has also provided recommendations to the government for developing industrial policies, with the hope that the research results will contribute to the growth of the EV industry in Taiwan and the creation of higher value and competitive advantages in this revolutionary process. It is discovered in this research that a great deal of development restrictions are involved in the growing process of the emerging EV industry, respectively in the economic, market, environmental and technological fields. Among the sixteen development restrictions outlined in this research, there are as many as eleven items which are closely bound up with government policies. The success of this unprecedented industrial revolution, therefore, relies on whether the government can create a development environment with sufficient competitive advantages, which is anxiously longed for by the EV industry. Given the facts that the R&D technologies for the battery industry are not fully mature and various industrial benchmarks are yet to be established, the “visible hands” are offered by governments, one after another, to support the industry. These government initiatives include: providing incentives for industrial R&D, stimulating the consumer market, as well as facilitating and subsidizing the EV car use and recharging infrastructure. Other supportive policies include assisting the EV industry in developing key technologies, building up business models, shaping industrial clusters, expanding recharging infrastructure, establishing the maintenance/repair systems, accommodating to the public demand on environmental quality and the changes in car-using habits, promoting the identification with the energy-saving image of EV’s, etc. All these measures have turned into a pushing force that gives momentum to the industry, as well as a pulling force that booms the market. They contribute to forming a virtuous development cycle for the EV industry in future; help to create comparative advantages in this specific field; and make impossible this new wave of industrial revolution for automobiles. At this critical stage, how would the Taiwan government lend a helping hand so that the local EV industry could gain a stake in the international automobile market in future? This is an issue widely concerned by the industry. Now, many countries are offering incentive policies to help with the development of the industry and build up consumer identification with the electric cars. The German government, particularly, has taken aggressive actions. Apart from the efforts in maintaining/improving the life quality of its people, the government also endeavors to reduce the dependency on imported oil and strengthen the competitiveness of its automobile industry, which is vital to the economic growth of the country. To realize the new economic vision of the country, the German government has developed specific plans, covering various initiatives including environmental structure, infrastructure construction and consumer education, etc. The purpose is to make Germany a leading country for the EV industry. These we believe are the “best practices” to be considered by the Taiwan government. The EV industry is yet at its preliminary stage of development. Governments, as well as EV manufacturers around the world, are all endeavoring to find the right path ahead. It is recommended, therefore, that the government of Taiwan should firstly study the policies of other countries and understand the strengths and weakness of local industries. The initial efforts should be focused on constructing infrastructures, setting up new energy policies and installing the fundamental software/hardware for a friendly investment environment, so as to support the growth of the industry. The government should, in the meantime, actively promote the electric vehicles in the domestic market, build up the unique “EV Experience of Taiwan” to help improving the relevant EV technology for the local industry. Apart from reducing the country’s dependency on imported oil, the successful popularization of EV in Taiwan will also become one of the best practices in the world and contribute to the elevation of Taiwan’s international image, having showcased its advanced technologies and strong environmental awareness. With increasing sophistication, Taiwan’s EV industry also has the capabilities to provide critical spare parts technologies and to play a role, through the potential China market, in the international standard-setting process, thereby creating further expanding possibilities for the industry.

台灣工業區因應工業發展之需要已經歷經近三十年之發展，隨著大環境及產業結構的改變，加上工業區因為年代久遠，區內設備老舊失修且區內管理服務中心無法滿足廠商需求，使區內廠商外移嚴重，產生工業區土地閒置問題，於是工業區再造議題應聲而起。觀察台灣島內對於工業區再造之措施，都僅於區內環境及設備之改善，土地閒置問題仍然嚴重。 另一方面，因為地球氣候暖化問題嚴重，國際間對於二氧化碳排放量的管制隨著京都議定書的訂定產生標準及制裁行動；而油價持續上漲，如何節省能源也成為各國熱烈討論的 話題。台灣本島人口僅占全球0.4%，但二氧化碳排放量比例確高達0.96%；能源資源有限，然台灣能源皆需仰賴進口，身為地球之一份子，如何節能減碳亦成為台灣責無旁貸的目標。 在討論二氧化碳減量的方式中，增加植樹造林面積是被認為成本最低且對國家整體經濟之衝擊面影響最小，同時京都議定書對於造林減碳的方式亦予以肯定。 是否可以全面植樹來再造工業區成為本文之重點，藉由工業區以全面植樹再造之利弊分析來提供另一思維，既可解決工業區再造問題又能達到節能減碳的目標。 本文選定林口工二工業區作為個案，以其全面植樹之淨現值等資本預算方析及SWOT分析來說明其可行性，希望作為台灣工業區再造之參考。 / The industrial districts in Taiwan are facing the problem of land unused due to the movement of factories inside the district and the reason is that the old environmental facilities and the service of district center being unable to meet the request of factories with the change of external environment and industrial structure. How to regenerate these industrial districts becomes a critical issue. Using the measures which only focus on the improvement of environment and facilities can not solve the problem. On the other hand, to control and punish the heavy CO2 emission has been taken globally with the implement of Kyoto Protocol in order to ease the problem of climate warming on the earth. With the rapid rise of oil price, how to save the energy also becomes the hot issue. Taiwan island is with 0.4% of global population, compared with the high percent of 0.96% on the CO2 emission and the energy is imported mostly, as the member of the earth village, to save the energy and decrease the CO2 emission becomes the inevitable responsibility and important objective. Analyzing the possibility to plant the tree comprehensively to regenerate the old industrial district is the key point of this study, hoping to provide another kind of thinking on this issue, Moreover, to meet the goal of saving energy and decreasing CO2 emission. Based on the case study of Linko industrial district，the measure of NPV the kind of capital budget analysis and SWOT analysis are used as the reference to regenerate the old industrial district in Taiwan.