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The paper industry is a highly energy consuming process which also facing huge challenges as the global demand of paper products constantly decreasing. Therefore, the importance of energy optimizing the process becomes more and more crucial. The purpose of this work was to contribute to the energy optimization work at Kvarnsveden paper mill in Borlänge by mapping the energy consumption and analyzing particular areas with potential of optimization. Furthermore, analysis of the process parameters tinting colors, moisture profile and the pulp refiners in order to decrease the material losses were performed. The results from the analysis of tinting colors and moisture profiles provided the operators with reference intervals which stated how to run the parameters in order to produce paper of approved quality. The purpose of analyzing the refiners was to investigate if the quality of the mass could be predicted by specific energy instead of Freeness and average fiber length, which is the method used today. The result of this analysis shows that this is not possible today. However, specific energy is a valuable parameter in order to predict process malfunctions. The result of the energy mapping shows that the total specific energy consumption to produce one ton paper is 4,1 MWh/ton. Furthermore the energy mapping shows that every ton of paper that doesn’t clear the quality control and has to be re-produced consumes additional 1,3 MWh/ton of energy, which means that the total amount of energy for reproduced paper is 5,4 MWh. The amount of energy that is necessary to re-produce shows the importance of producing quality approved paper the first time, and since PM12 is capable of producing 1 ton/min at normal operating speed, the amount of paper that has to be re-produced can increase very fast. Hopefully, the results from the analysis of tinting colors and moisture profile will contribute to a decreased amount of papers that has to be re-produced. Furthermore the energy mapping shows some areas with energy optimization potential. Partly by maintenance and repairs of heat exchangers and steam condensers and partly by terminate the heating of buildings that has no use in the production today.

Cloud computing is a modern model for having on demand access to a pool ofconfigurable resources like CPU, storage etc. Despite its relative youth however, it has already changed the face of present-day IT. The ability to request computing power presents a whole new list of opportunities and challenges. Virtual machines, containers and bare-metal machines are the three possible computing resources which a cloud user can ask from a cloud provider. In the context of this master thesis, we will discuss and benchmark these three different deployment methods for a private OpenStack cloud. We will compare and contrast these systems in terms of CPU, networking behavior, disk I/O and RAM performance in order to determine the performance deterioration of each subsystem. We will also try to empirically determine if private clouds based on containers and physical machines are viable alternatives to the traditional VM based scenario.To achieve these goals, a number of software suites have been selected to act as benchmarks with the aim of stressing their respective subsystem. The output of these benchmarks is collected and the results are compared against each other. Finally, the different types of overhead which take place between these three types are discussed.

This final thesis is made by a student at Mälardalens högskola in Västerås from the academy of Innovation, Design and Engineering. This report examines the possibility of upgrading and modernizing current aircraft maintenance hangars by using the latest technologies.   Aircraft maintenance is essential to keep aircraft’s continuing airworthiness, and making sure it’s always declared fit for flight. But the maintenance procedures in hangars today can be seen as a bit old-fashioned. This report is therefore aiming to explore the possibilities of building the hangar of the future, where the latest technologies is used for an easier, more accurate and faster maintenance. A big problem that this project could solve in case that it could be a reality is damage assessment. In flight industry is it a bit tricky to assess a damage that had happened to an aircraft with the current methods that are used in today’s maintenance hangars. Taking measures for damages isn’t easy, and it’s even harder to look into the Structure Repair Manual (SRM) in theory and follow it in reality to assess the damage. It is something that technicians and engineers suffer from, because of the big responsibility that it withholds.   In the process of writing this thesis, and with the help of literature studies, an interview with the SAS engineer Anders Dalén, researches about the subject and the term of HOF at other companies the purpose of this thesis was reached. Which is exploring if HOF can be a reality in the near future. As for the technology of the project, it could be explained as a process or a chain that contains some steps. The idea is that an aircraft would roll into the hangar and get scanned by a stationary 3D scanner that is placed in the top of the hangar entrance. The data that the scanner later sends into a computer system gets processed by two or more programs in order to detect possible damage. If damage is found, then it would get measured with a portable 3D scanner. The analyzing programs would process its data and give an assessment on the damage, and also suggestions for reparations.   The conclusion for this thesis is that it is, in theory, possible that “Hangar of the future” can be a reality in the future. Because the technologies that is required for it do exist in our time, though they exist in other forms/ branches.

An artificial limb driven by myoelectric signals provides individuals suffering from upper limb amputation a means to perform some daily activities that would otherwise be impossible to perform. Although promising, the functionality of the limb is however still limited due to signal drift and changing requirements for different daily activities. The ability for the user to adjust control parameters on the artificial limb in real time could enhance the quality of life for these people by improving the performance of the artificial limb. During this master thesis, a mobile platform for communication and configuration of an artificial limb has been developed based on previous work by Max Ortiz C et al. The communication between the embedded system and the mobile application is based on a bluetooth standard and have been verified in conjunction with a customized communication protocol.Qualitative validation was performed by analyzing a collected questioner from one patient suffering an upper limb amputation. The results showed that functionality of the artificial limb is still one of the most important areas that needs to be improved. In addition, the most important types of feedback currently lacking were tactile feedback and elbow functionality. Quantitative experimental tests showed a statistically significant improvement in terms of both artificial limb response time and movement prediction accuracy when the threshold value, used by the control system to make a movement prediction, was adjusted in real time through the mobile application as compared to having a fixed threshold. These results shed new light on the potential benefits of using a mobile interface for real-time adjustment of limb parameters.

Managing stormwater in dense urban environments is and will in the future be a challenge for all the parts affected by it. The climate is changing and with it the extent of extreme rainfalls. This Bachelor´s thesis aims to analyze if raingardens could be of use when managing stormwater on courtyards on beam supported slabs. It is not uncommon that water drainage systems in these places are insufficient which in some cases leads to water damaged buildings. By locally treating and storing stormwater it could be possible to prevent damages on buildings and the environment even though the climate is changing.   A case in Stockholm Sweden, a privately-owned property, was investigated. In which a solution of managing storm water by using rain gardens was suggested. The study concludes that locally managing storm water could prevent flooding and water damages on those kinds of courtyards and the buildings in its vicinity. / Dagvattenhantering i täta stadsmiljöer är en framtida utmaning för både kommuner, byggsektorn och för fastighetsägare. Med hänsyn till ett framtida förändrat klimat förutses den totala nederbörden i framtiden att öka. Extrema skyfall med höga toppflöden förutses bli fler och intensivare. I detta examensarbete undersöks huruvida regnbädd kan var ett alternativ som lokal dagvattenhantering på bjälklagsgårdar. Bland äldre bebyggelse är innergårdar på bjälklag ett vanligt inslag. Dagvattenavledningen från innergårdar av den sorten är inte alltid tillräcklig och vatten riskerar då att tränga då in i byggnadsdelar. Lokal fördröjning av dagvatten kan vara ett sätt att avhjälpa och förbereda även äldre bebyggelse för ett förändrat klimat. Ett typfall i Stockholm har studerats där en dagvattenanläggning i form av regnbädd föreslås på en privat fastighet. Resultatet visar på att en lokal fördröjning där dagvatten från ovanliggande takytor leds till regnbäddar kan förebygga risken för översvämning i fastighetens byggnad

Olika länder använder sig av olika metoder vid dimensionering av vägöverbyggnader. Denna rapport fokuserar på vilka metoder som används i Nordiska länder, Sverige, Norge och Danmark. Samt vilka ingångsparametrar som behövs för att använda dessa metoder. Dessutom presenteras PMS Objekt (Pavement Management Systems), Indexmetoden och MMOPP (Mathematical Modelling of Pavement Performance). Det svenska programmet PMS Objekt är dimensioneringsverktyg för vägöverbyggnader vid nya byggnationer och även vid underhållning och förstärkning. Programmet är accepterat av trafikverket och används främst i Sverige. Indexmetoden är programmet som använd i Norge den ger tydliga resultat och är väldigt enkel att använda. Den utgår från materialegenskaper, terrass materialtyp, klimat och andra faktorer. I Danmark används MMOPP, Mathematical Modelling of Pavement Performance som dimensioneringsmetoden som delas in i tre olika nivåer Katalog dimensionering, AnalytiskEmpirisk dimensionering och dimensionering genom Simulering och optimering Rapporten syftar till att undersöka dessa metoder och se vilka för- och nackdelar de har. Samt att ge läsaren en ökad förståelse för hanteringen av dimensioneringsmetoderna av vägöverbyggnader som används i Sverige, Norge och Danmark. PMS Objekt metoden hjälper till att få lagertjocklekar som utdata. Tjocklekar till alla olika lager som finns i en vägöverbyggnad. Medan indexmetoden är en metod för att beräkna bärighet, Emodul hos olika material. MMOPP- metoden används för att bestämma E-modul, livslängden i år och respons värde samt det tillåtna respons värdet. Studien som helhet visar att Sverige, Norge och Danmark använder sig av olika metoder men beaktar nästan samma faktorer som kan påverka vägkonstruktionen. För att studien ska kunna genomföras har utgångspunkten tagits i en litteraturstudie av rapporter, tidigare utfärda examensarbete och datainsamling från olika hemsidor så som Trafikverket, norska vägverket och danska vägverket. / Different countries are using different methods when designing pavements. This report will focus on the methods used in Nordic countries including; Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The required input parameters to use these methods will also be included. Furthermore, PMS Object (Pavement Management Systems), Index method and MMOPP (Mathematical Modelling of Pavement Performance) will also be presented heir in. The Swedish software “PMS Object” is a design tool for pavements to be used at new building sites as well as for maintenance and reinforcement. The software is approved by the Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) and is most commonly used in Sweden. Index method is the software, which is being used in Norway, it gives clear results and is very easy to use. It is based on material properties, climate and other factors. In Denmark, MMOPP is being used for pavement design which can be divided into three different levels; design by selection in a standard catalogue, Analytical- Empirical design method and design by simulation. This report is aiming to investigate these methods and compare their pros and cons. The aim is also to give the reader an increased understanding of the usage of pavement design methods that are being used in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The PMS Objekt method aids in achieving layer thickness as output. Thickness of all the different layers that exist within a pavement. While the Index method is a method to calculate buoyancy and E-modulus for different materials. MMOPP- method is used to determine: E-modulus, lifespan in years and response value and finally the allowed response value. In conclusion, this study indicates that Sweden, Norway and Denmark is using different methods however, they are considering almost the same factors that can affect the road construction. In order to complete this study, a literature review of reports and previous dissertations was performed, data was collected from different websites including the Swedish, Norwegian and Danish transport administration.

There are multiple ways of creating a modern mobile application and differentcombinations of programming languages and tools can be used to suite specificneeds.Typically, open market products need to support various platforms which, due tomultiple code bases, might lead to difficulties with maintenance and new featuredeployment.React Native is a JavaScript library, announced by Facebook in 2015, that provides auniversal pattern for creating mobile applications for Android and iOS. Theframework handles all data models and business logic using JavaScript whichenables large amounts of code to be shared between different operating systems.The cost of these advantages, however, is not well documented and it is possiblethat React Native may not be suitable in certain application scenarios.In this thesis, React Native is benchmarked in terms of performance and userexperience to evaluate which application scenarios that are suitable for theframework and which are not. Benchmarks show that React Native deliversanimation performance close to its native counterpart while computationallyintensive tasks took at least 27x more time to execute. The measurements alsoshows that React Native applications consumed 124% more battery and required25% more time to launch whilst also requiring significantly more memory.Based on the results, and evaluated differences in the development process, thisthesis has concluded that React Native is a viable option to native development inscenarios which does not rely on heavy background calculations, have strict limitson resource usage or need very specific Android features or components. Ideally,React Native is suitable for developers with web experience or scenarios whererapid deployment changes are desirable.

Energy saving techniques on the hardware level are not always capable of adapting to the applications. Thus energy saving techniques at software level are needed to overcome the limitations of the hardware. Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS)is one of the most widely used techniques to scale down the voltage and frequency atruntime as needed. However, in modern processors the current leakage becomessignificant in low voltage (breakdown of Dennard’s scaling), leaving frequency scalingas the only solution. But frequency changes can take many CPU cycles, making DVFSnon applicable at instruction level granularity. Decoupled Access/Execute (DAE) is asolution to the above problem. DAE is an energy efficiency model with minimalperformance loss and has been evaluated on x86 platforms, showing significantimprovements in energy consumption, on task-based parallel programs and complexsequential applications. In this project we evaluate the DAE model on ARMv8 platforms using the SPEC CPU2006 benchmark suit. The results show energy benefitsand performance improvements up to 40%. Furthermore we discuss the behaviour ofDAE on x86 and ARMv8 architectures.

Total collapses of buildings are a rare occurrence in modern building construction, and while they are scarcely seen, their consequences are often extensive enough to encourage building projectors to invest in a structural framework capable of sustaining its stability through unforeseen events. This individually completed degree project aims to provide insight into the principles and techniques used to prevent these kinds of collapses and how they can be applied to future structural design. This is achieved by studying the expected reactions of precast concrete structures and by analyzing the building codes currently applied to concrete buildings in Sweden. The study analyses a fictional four-story concrete building and the resulting deflection of its precast walls as a loadbearing column is removed from its bottom floor. Results are generated using the software Strusoft FEM-design 3D structure, and the deflection is calculated for walls spanning 6, 7, 8 or 8.5 m. Different concrete qualities ranging from 20/25 to 45/55 are applied to each span with the objective of examining the properties of a precast concrete buildings ability to remain stable without the use of extensive attachment methods. The biggest impact is presented by increasing the concrete quality from 25/30 to 30/37, which further justifies the usage of 30/37 in most modern construction. Generally the impact of increasing the structures concrete quality increases as its original deflection increases, which suggests an increase of quality is more profitable for high-risk structures. Furthermore walls constructed with high quality concrete will allow for the usage of further spanning components, as the study shows a lesser increase of deflection under these circumstances. While some results presented in the study may appear minor, it is proven crucial to provide proper attachment of precast concrete components in order to reduce the potential of a disastrous collapse. Keywords: Collapse, deflection, attachment, deformation, concrete quality, diaphragm action, membrane action, span, FEM-design.