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Environment friendly products can be defined as products which show significant environmental improvements made at their most important life-cycle stages. For durable goods, life-cycle stages include manufacturing, use, and end-of-life of product. Reverse Supply Chain Management is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value and/or proper disposal. The efficient and proper use of 5R’s processes namely Remanufacturing, Refurbishment, Reuse, Repair; and Recycle help the product to be greener and environment friendly. Part of the process also includes the proper disposal of goods which is essential for maintaining a green environment. This study aims at finding the significant factors to be considered by Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Television component manufacturers to manufacture Environment Friendly Product. Various parameters like raw material procurement; water and energy consumption in product manufacturing; the extent of environmental regulations followed; waste production; and waste processing have been considered in this study. A Case Study has been prepared to study the entire manufacturing process of a CRT Television. The case study also looks at the regulations followed by CRT TV component manufacturers in India and how they are different from other countries. An attempt has been made to find out the value which can be recovered at the End-Of-Life of CRT TVs. The case also looks at safe recycling options for CRT TVs. The study shows that CRT TV component manufacturers consider Resource Procurement, Energy Utilization; and Compliance with Regulations to a significant extent. Also, an attempt has been made to develop an Environmental Friendly Index (EFI). The EFI depends on resource procurement, energy utilization, waste production, waste processing, and existence of environmental team in the company. There have been no steps taken by these component manufacturers towards dealing with return goods. All the return goods are dealt with by recyclers, who extract the material through unscientific and non-environmental friendly ways. The recyclers are not able to extract all the useful material, which if done in an efficient way, will result in more material recovery.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Agricultural Economics / Hikaru H. Peterson / The U.S. wool demand has declined since 1950s due to the increasing demand for synthetic fibers. This research aims to study U.S. consumers' preferences for wool attributes to help the wool industry developing marketing strategies targeting certain groups of consumers. This research can be divided into two parts: 1) examining consumers' willingness-to-pay for wool attributes including country-of-origin, organic, animal-friendly, environment-friendly, and 2) investigating whether or not the consumer segments can be identified from consumers' demographic and psychographic characteristics on product purchasing behavior with respect to the wool attributes. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, the choice experiment was applied to examine consumers' preferences for wool attributes. Both mail and on-line surveys were conducted. The mail survey included three versions: basic version, version with definitions of attributes, and version with both definitions and information about wool attributes, with ## responses received (a 29 percent response rate). The on-line survey contained the basic version and the version with both definitions and information about wool attributes, with 514 responses received. Conditional logit and multinomial logit models were used to examine willingness-to-pay for wool attributes and consumer segments, respectively. Results indicated that a certain portion of U.S. consumers preferred wool over acrylic products. Findings also suggested that it is likely beneficial for wool producers to differentiate their products by promoting products' attributes, such as organic, animal-friendly, and environment-friendly. Further, brief information on product attributes provided with labels could increase consumers' WTPs. Results here revealed that to increase wool producers' revenues effectively, it is necessary to advertise their value-added wool products to different consumer segments.

<p>Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur La Poterie kan utöka sin kundkrets och behålla de redan befintliga kunderna, detta genom att se till olika marknadsföringsverktyg. La Poterie är ett svenskt företag som importerar och säljer portugisisk handmålad keramik och inredningsdetaljer.</p><p>Metod: Studien är uppbyggd på två olika kvantitativa enkätundersökningar, med potentiella och befintliga kunder till La Poterie. Vidare har kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med ägarna till företaget. Denna information har vi bearbetat tillsammans med relevant teori och olika marknadsföringsverktyg.</p><p>Resultat och Slutsats: Det resultat vi har kommit fram till efter studiens genomförande är att La Poteries befintliga kunder främst är kvinnor i åldern 31-40. De flesta bor utanför Gävle och handlar på La Poterie ungefär 0-2 gånger per år. Många av kunderna skulle köpa mer produkter från företaget om priset var lägre. De flesta kände inte till att företagets produkter var miljövänliga. Företagets potentiella kunder är främst kvinnor i åldern 20-40 år som bor i centrala delen av Gävle. Dessa är intresserade av att köpa keramik och inredning och tycker att design/utseende är det som motiverar dem mest vid ett nytt inrednings inköp.</p><p>Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Ett område som vi tycker är intressant att studera djupare är säljarnas bristande engagemang för produkterna och företaget. Detta eftersom vi ser en brist hos La Poteries säljare, då de ej har det engagemang som krävs. En annan studie som skulle kunna genomföras är hur ett företag kan hitta en sund balans mellan olika distributionskanaler i ett och samma företag. Slutligen kan vi se en intressant fortsatt studie i orsaker till varför ett litet företag förlorar kunder till större företag.</p><p>Uppsatsens bidrag: Vi har kommit med en rad olika åtgärder och förbättringar som La Poterie kan tillämpa för att vidga sin kundkrets. Några av de viktigaste förslagen till förbättring är att:</p><p>- Företaget skall satsa på utbildning av personal och rekrytera nya säljare.</p><p>- Butikens läge måste diskuteras och företaget borde ta tillfället i akt och profilera sig som ett företag med miljövänliga produkter.</p><p>- La Poterie borde även se över sina distributionskanaler och sin produktportfölj.</p><p>- Vårt sista förslag på förbättring är att separera sitt kontor och sin butik och att även arbeta med att göra butiken mysigare.</p> / <p>Aim: The aim of this study is to examine how La Poterie can increase their customer base and retain there already existing customers, by looking at different marketing instruments. La Poterie is a Swedish company that imports and sale Portuguese ceramic and home furnishings products.</p><p>Method: The study is based on two surveys, one with the potential customers and the other with the existing customers. Further we have conducted two interviews with the owners of La Poterie to complement the data. We have together with the relevant theories and other marketing instruments dealt with the information.</p><p>Result & Conclusions: The result of our study shows that La Poterie’s existing customers are mainly women between 31-40. Most of the women live outside Gävle city and they buy La Poteries products 0-2 times a year. The customers would buy more products from the company if the price was lower. Most of the customers did not know that the company’s products are environment friendly. La Poterie’s potential customers are mainly women between 20-40 years old, which live in the central parts of Gävle. These women are interested in buying ceramic and home furnishings products and they think that design and appearance are the two most motivating factors for them when purchasing a new product.</p><p>Suggestions for future research: One possible study that we think would be interesting to examine is the sellers’ lack of commitment in the products and the company. In our study, we observed the sellers’ inactive role which needs to be developed. Another possible study is to examine how a company can find a balance between the different distribution channels. Our last suggestion for further research concerns an investigation why small companies often loose there customers to bigger companies.</p><p>Contribution of the thesis: After this study we have come up with different suggestions to La Poterie in expanding their customer base. Some of the most important suggestions for improvement are:</p><p>- The company should improve the education of their sellers and recruit new sellers.</p><p>- They should discuss the location of the shop and improve their marketing as a company selling environment friendly products.</p><p>- La Poterie should look over their distribution channels and their different product lines. The company should also separate the office from the shop.</p>

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur La Poterie kan utöka sin kundkrets och behålla de redan befintliga kunderna, detta genom att se till olika marknadsföringsverktyg. La Poterie är ett svenskt företag som importerar och säljer portugisisk handmålad keramik och inredningsdetaljer. Metod: Studien är uppbyggd på två olika kvantitativa enkätundersökningar, med potentiella och befintliga kunder till La Poterie. Vidare har kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med ägarna till företaget. Denna information har vi bearbetat tillsammans med relevant teori och olika marknadsföringsverktyg. Resultat och Slutsats: Det resultat vi har kommit fram till efter studiens genomförande är att La Poteries befintliga kunder främst är kvinnor i åldern 31-40. De flesta bor utanför Gävle och handlar på La Poterie ungefär 0-2 gånger per år. Många av kunderna skulle köpa mer produkter från företaget om priset var lägre. De flesta kände inte till att företagets produkter var miljövänliga. Företagets potentiella kunder är främst kvinnor i åldern 20-40 år som bor i centrala delen av Gävle. Dessa är intresserade av att köpa keramik och inredning och tycker att design/utseende är det som motiverar dem mest vid ett nytt inrednings inköp. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Ett område som vi tycker är intressant att studera djupare är säljarnas bristande engagemang för produkterna och företaget. Detta eftersom vi ser en brist hos La Poteries säljare, då de ej har det engagemang som krävs. En annan studie som skulle kunna genomföras är hur ett företag kan hitta en sund balans mellan olika distributionskanaler i ett och samma företag. Slutligen kan vi se en intressant fortsatt studie i orsaker till varför ett litet företag förlorar kunder till större företag. Uppsatsens bidrag: Vi har kommit med en rad olika åtgärder och förbättringar som La Poterie kan tillämpa för att vidga sin kundkrets. Några av de viktigaste förslagen till förbättring är att: - Företaget skall satsa på utbildning av personal och rekrytera nya säljare. - Butikens läge måste diskuteras och företaget borde ta tillfället i akt och profilera sig som ett företag med miljövänliga produkter. - La Poterie borde även se över sina distributionskanaler och sin produktportfölj. - Vårt sista förslag på förbättring är att separera sitt kontor och sin butik och att även arbeta med att göra butiken mysigare. / Aim: The aim of this study is to examine how La Poterie can increase their customer base and retain there already existing customers, by looking at different marketing instruments. La Poterie is a Swedish company that imports and sale Portuguese ceramic and home furnishings products. Method: The study is based on two surveys, one with the potential customers and the other with the existing customers. Further we have conducted two interviews with the owners of La Poterie to complement the data. We have together with the relevant theories and other marketing instruments dealt with the information. Result &amp; Conclusions: The result of our study shows that La Poterie’s existing customers are mainly women between 31-40. Most of the women live outside Gävle city and they buy La Poteries products 0-2 times a year. The customers would buy more products from the company if the price was lower. Most of the customers did not know that the company’s products are environment friendly. La Poterie’s potential customers are mainly women between 20-40 years old, which live in the central parts of Gävle. These women are interested in buying ceramic and home furnishings products and they think that design and appearance are the two most motivating factors for them when purchasing a new product. Suggestions for future research: One possible study that we think would be interesting to examine is the sellers’ lack of commitment in the products and the company. In our study, we observed the sellers’ inactive role which needs to be developed. Another possible study is to examine how a company can find a balance between the different distribution channels. Our last suggestion for further research concerns an investigation why small companies often loose there customers to bigger companies. Contribution of the thesis: After this study we have come up with different suggestions to La Poterie in expanding their customer base. Some of the most important suggestions for improvement are: - The company should improve the education of their sellers and recruit new sellers. - They should discuss the location of the shop and improve their marketing as a company selling environment friendly products. - La Poterie should look over their distribution channels and their different product lines. The company should also separate the office from the shop.

The aim of this work is to identify economical approaches in the accommodation offers in surveyed area and to consider the importance of friendly approaches in the accommodation offer in a strategy of companies offering accommodation, to emphasise the importance of enviromentally sustainable tourism, to analyse requirements of tourists on the eco-friendly accommodation, and on the basis of these analyses, to suggest possible improvements of this accommodation.

No description available.

A number of problems have served as motivators for this study: Environmental deterioration as a risk to economic facilitation; missed organisational green competitive opportunities; South Africa's need as a developing country for the growth of small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs); and information technologies as an aid for ecological and economical problems. Accordingly, this research has aimed to suggest environment-friendly information technology policies that can be implemented in South African SMMEs, engendering mutually beneficial sustainability for the three domains (or contextual study elements) ‘Environment’, ‘Organisation’ and ‘Information Technology’. The methodology used involves an interpretive research approach, a literature survey based on document analyses, and an empirical study based on green information technology expert interviews. In collecting the data, the theory of three of the five Multiple Perspectives Approach perspective types was applied; for the data analysis, the Hierarchical and Signed components constituting the Directed Graphing Method where applied. The output of this study includes an explanation of the relationships that exist between the study elements and that lead to mutually beneficial sustainability. It also includes the identification of Key Sustainability Factors for each of the research elements, as high level critical goals to be achieved by green information technology policy developers in pursuing mutually beneficial sustainability. Furthermore, the output contains contextually consolidated Key Sustainability Factor Enablers, to serve as policy recommendations for implementation by green information technology practitioners toward ensuring mutually beneficial sustainability; and, finally, a sample integration of these Key Sustainability Factor Enablers, now referred to as Conceptual Policy Views, such as may have been produced by typical green information technology policy developers in selecting and prioritising views for organisational utilisations. In answering the main research question of this study, as well as providing its key outcome, a conceptual framework has been produced which comprises information technology policies that are supported to be feasible for implementation as well as of mutual benefit in terms of sustainability for the ‘Environment’, South African SMME ‘Organisations’ and ‘Information Technology’ itself. This provides an ordered and related means of implementing information technology policies, while also relating these policies to their respective mutually beneficial Key Sustainability Factors. Strategic planning, toward incorporating the conceptual framework into organisational policy, is thus enabled. This study concludes with an evaluation of its findings and execution, together with future research recommendations. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Informatics / unrestricted

Yes / Batch oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process is investigated here for the removal sulfur compound from light naphtha using homemade new nano-catalyst. The catalyst is made of manganese dioxide supported on zeolite nanoparticles which shows an excellent catalytic performance with good impregnation, high activity, good pore size distribution and larger surface area. Different reaction temperature, time and initial sulfur concentration are used to have a deeper insight of the process. The experimental results reveal that the conversion of sulfur compound is increased by increasing the initial sulfur concentration, the reaction temperature and batch time. A mathematical model of the process is developed and validated using the experimental data within gPROMS software with high accuracy. The validated model (errors less than 5% between experimental and predicted results) is then utilized to obtain the optimal operation conditions of the process giving maximum conversion of sulfur (higher than 99%) resulting in an environmentally friendly fuel.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the sustainable development of tourism in the Karlovy Vary Region. In the theoretical part the concept of sustainable development and its principles are explained and applied to the tourism industry. Then the role of some international and national institutions in promoting these principles in the Czech Republic is described. In the practical part the Karlovy Vary Region is characterized, the environment friendly forms of tourism, opportunities for their further development and support arrangements are described. In the third and fourth chapter selected indicators of sustainable development of tourism and the survey which focused on awareness of sustainable development among the population, the tourists, entrepreneurs and public administration staff are used to analyse the current state of sustainable development of tourism in the Karlovy Vary Region. For the overall evaluation the SWOT analysis is used.