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This thesis titled "Students' Relationship to the Nature" deals with the topic of students' relationship to the nature. This relationship is found out on the basis of a questionnaire, which was created by the German doctor and teacher Otto Schmeil in the year 1899. The first part of this thesis contains the definition and explanation of basic concepts related to the subject, such as nature, relationship to the nature, ecology and environmentalism, etc. The second part is dedicated to the research. The original questionnaire comes from the book of Dr. O. Schmeil, that is titled "Über die Reformbestrebungen auf dem Gebiete des naturgeschichtlichen Unterrichts". In 1899 this questionnaire was submitted to 150 respondents in the age of 12-14. The questions in this questionnaire are focused on the experiences of pupils with nature, such as for example: "Have you ever seen how to make cheese?", "Have you ever seen a snail in move?", etc. The same questionnaire was submitted to 405 pupils in nowaday Czech schools that were in the same age composition as the originally questionned were. The final discussion and conclusion is dedicated to a comparison between the replies of the respondents in 1899 and in 2015, and at the same time, in the research from the year 2015 to a comparison between respondents from...