Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universtiet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-119).

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Lund, 1981. / Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Fernando Gomes Romeiro / Resumo: A osteoporose é uma complicação frequente da cirrose hepática (CH) que pode levar a fraturas, comprometendo a qualidade e a expectativa de vida. Bisfosfonatos são frequentemente utilizados para reduzir o risco de fraturas por osteoporose, mas podem provocar danos à mucosa gastrointestinal. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a segurança do risedronato em pacientes com CH e varizes de esôfago (VE). De 354 pacientes com CH, 164 foram considerados elegíveis e alocados de acordo com a densidade mineral óssea após densitometria. No grupo intervenção, 52 indivíduos com osteoporose receberam tratamento com risedronato oral (35 mg / semana), suplementação de cálcio e vitamina D. No grupo controle, 51 indivíduos com osteopenia receberam apenas suplementação de cálcio e vitamina D. Todos foram submetidos a endoscopias de vigilância durante 1 ano e à densitometria ao final do estudo. A média etária e a proporção de mulheres foi maior no grupo intervenção. O MELD (Model of End-Stage Liver Disease) no grupo intervenção e controle foi 9,6 (5,9-15,5) e 10,3 (6,5-19), respectivamente (p= 0,047). O grupo controle teve mais casos de doença hepática alcoólica (p< 0,001). Em ambos os grupo a maioria dos indivíduos tinha classificação Child-Pugh A e VE de baixo risco de sangramento. Não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto aos achados endoscópicos observados durante a intervenção. Não houve hemorragia digestiva alta no grupo intervenção, mas em 2 casos do grupo controle. O grupo intervenção foi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Osteoporosis is a common complication of liver cirrhosis that can lead to fractures, compromising quality of life and survival rate. Bisphosphonates are often used to reduce the risk of fractures caused by osteoporosis, but can lead to digestive mucosal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of risedronate for patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices. Of the 354 cirrhotic patients invited to participate, 164 were considered eligible and allocated according to the bone mineral density after densitometry. In the intervention group, 52 individuals with osteoporosis received oral risedronate 35 mg weekly plus calcium and vitamin D supplementation. In the control group, 51 individuals with osteopenia received only calcium and vitamin D supplementation. All the subjects underwent surveillance endoscopies within 1 year and another bone densitometry at the end of the trial. The mean age and the proportion of women were higher in the intervention group. The Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores in the intervention and control group were 9.6 (5.9-15.5) and 10.3 (6.5-19), respectively (p= 0.047). The control group had more subjects with alcoholic liver disease (p< 0.001). In both groups the majority of the individuals had Child-Pugh A classification and low-risk bleeding esophageal varices. There was no difference between the groups regarding esdoscopic findings during the intervention. There was no upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the intervention gro... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks among the ten most frequent cancers worldwide. Mortality rates associated with EC are very similar to the incidence rates due to the relatively late stage of diagnosis and the poor efficacy of treatment. The aim of this study was to enhance our insights of putative transcriptional circuitry of EC genes, thereby potentially positively impacting our knowledge of therapeutic targets, providing indications as to more appropriate lines of treatment, and additionally allowing for the determination of putative candidate diagnostic markers for the early stage detection of EC. This thesis reports on the development of a novel comprehensive database (Dragon Database of Genes Implicated in Esophageal Cancer, DDEC) as an integrated knowledge database aimed at representing a gateway to esophageal cancer related data. More importantly, it illustrates how the biocurated genes in the database may represent a reliable starting point for divulging transcriptional regulation, diagnostic markers and the biology related to esophageal cancer. DDEC contains known and novel information for 529 differentially expressed EC genes compiled using scientific publications from PubMed and is freely accessible for academic and non-profit users at http://apps.sanbi.ac.za/ddec/. The novel information provided to users of the DDEC is the lists of putative transcription factors that potentially control the 529 manually curated genes. The value of the information accessible through the database was further refined by providing precompiled text-mined and data-mined reports about each of these genes to allow for easy exploration of information about associations of EC-implicated genes with other human genes and proteins, metabolites and enzymes, toxins, chemicals with pharmacological effects, disease concepts and human anatomy. This feature has the capacity to display potential associations that are rarely reported and thus difficult to identify, and it enables the inspection of potentially new ‘association hypotheses’ generated based on the precompiled reports. This study further illustrates how the biocurated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) genes in the database may represent a reliable starting point for exploring beyond current knowledge of the transcriptional circuitry of estrogen related hormone therapy. The genes were used to develop a method that identified 44 combinations of transcription factors (TFs) that characterize the promoter sequence of estrogen responsive genes implicated in ESCC. These significantly over-represented combinations of TFs were then used to increase confidence in the 47 novel putative estrogen response genes that may be related to ESCC too. Coincidently, two of the novel putative estrogen response genes were verified by current (2009), experimental publications. / South Africa

Orientador: Erika Veruska Paiva Ortolan / Resumo: Introdução: Por volta de oitenta por cento dos acidentes envolvendo ingestão de cáusticos ocorrem em crianças. A estenose cáustica do esôfago é a sua principal complicação com grande morbidade. Lesões neoplásicas esofágicas podem desenvolver-se como uma complicação tardia desta estenose com um tempo médio de aparecimento entre o acidente e o desenvolvimento neoplásico de 15 a 30 anos. Considerando este risco, biopsias seriadas do esôfago são recomendadas com o objetivo de detecção precoce de displasias. Assim, um conhecimento abrangente da relação biológica entre cáusticos e neoplasia esofágica é de grande importância na identificação de novos biomarcadores que possibilitariam tratamento precoce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) são RNAs pequenos, não codificadores de proteínas que regulam importantes processos celulares e têm se mostrado como robustos biomarcadores. O perfil global de expressão de miRNAs nesta população, seguida da identificação dos miRNA-alvo, pode levar à identificação da presença e magnitude do dano ao material genético em amostra de tecido esofágico obtido de pacientes portadores de estenose cáustica. Objetivos: Determinar o perfil global da expressão de miRNAs em células da mucosa esofágica de crianças portadoras de lesões por ingestão de cáusticos, com o objetivo de identificar miRNAs como biomarcadores associados a tumorigênese esofágica nesta população específica. Materiais e Métodos: Vinte e sete amostras esofágicas fixadas em formalina e embebidas em parafina (F... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Background: 80% of the caustic ingestions occur in children. Esophageal stricture is a major chronic complication with great morbidity. Esophageal neoplasms may develop as a late complication of caustic injury with a mean time between caustic ingestion and cancer development of 15-30 years. Serial biopsies are recommended aiming early detection of premalignant changes. Thus a comprehensive knowledge of biological relation between caustic and esophageal cancer is of major importance to identify the biomarkers that could enable an early treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules and regulate key cellular processes during tumorigenesis and have been demonstrated as an useful diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers. Global miRNA expression profiling analysis in this population, followed by the identification of miRNA target genes, may lead to the identification of the presence and magnitude of damage to genetic material in a sample of esophageal tissue obtained from patients with caustic stenosis. Objectives: We aimed to identify global microRNA (miRNA) expression changes in cells of the esophageal mucosa from children with caustic lesions compared to paired macroscopic and microscopically normal esophageal tissue. Patient and Methods: 27 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) esophageal samples from 15 patients were divided into two groups according to the time elapsed after the injury (Group A: less than 5 years, Group B: more than 5 years). Tho... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor