Nesta tese defende-se que a sensibilidade moral é necessária para reconhecer, interpretar e responder de forma apropriada os problemas éticos vivenciados pelos enfermeiros nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Este estudo possui uma perspetiva lusobrasileira na medida em que se insere no acordo de dupla titulação realizado entre a Universidade Católica Portuguesa e a Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo. A comparação luso-brasileira de resultados possibilita absorver a realidade de cada país, estratégias e caminhos para qualificar cada vez mais o cuidado da enfermagem. Esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros que atuam nos cuidados de saúde Primários em Portugal e no Brasil. Mais especificamente, traduzir e adaptar o questionário de sensibilidade moral para os enfermeiros da atenção primária à saúde de Portugal e do Brasil, validar o questionário de sensibilidade moral com os enfermeiros da atenção primária à saúde de Portugal e do Brasil e caracterizar os fatores associados ao nível de sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde de Portugal e do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal, observacional e correlacional descritivo de duas amostras independentes. A amostra foi constituída por 331 enfermeiros de Portugal e 316 enfermeiros do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. O questionário de sensibilidade moral versão Brasil (MSQ-B) e versão Portugal (MSQ-P) após a validação permaneceram com 27 itens, distribuídos em quatro dimensões: orientação interpessoal, conhecimento profissional, conflito moral e significado moral. O MSQ-B explicou 55,8% da variância total e teve um alfa de Cronbach de 0,82. O MSQ-P apresentou uma variância de 54,0% e um alfa de 0,89. A média de sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros atenção primária à saúde no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil foi de 4,49 e em Portugal 4,94 em 7. O questionário de sensibilidade moral é um instrumento válido e apropriado para avaliar a sensibilidade moral dos enfermeiros no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil e em Portugal. Este estudo observou todos os preceitos éticos e legais das pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos, pois garantiu uma participação livre e voluntária. A pesquisa é desenvolvida sob a modalidade Bolsa de Doutorado Pleno no Exterior, concedida pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior- CAPES. / In this thesis it is argued that moral sensitivity is necessary to recognize, interpret and respond appropriately the ethical problems experienced by nurses in Primary Health Care. This study has a Luso-Brazilian perspective insofar as it is part of the double degree agreement between the Universidade Católica Portuguesa and the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo. The Luso-Brazilian comparison of results makes it possible to absorb from the reality of each country, strategies and ways to increasingly qualify nursing care. This study aims to evaluate the moral sensitivity of nurses working in primary health care in Portugal and Brazil. More specifically, to translate and adapt the moral sensitivity questionnaire for nurses in primary health care in Portugal and Brazil, to validate the questionnaire of moral sensitivity with nurses of primary health care in Portugal and Brazil and to characterize the factors associated with Level of moral sensitivity of nurses in primary health care in Portugal and Brazil. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and correlational study of two independent samples. The sample consisted of 331 nurses from Portugal and 316 nurses from Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire Brazilian version (MSQ-B) and Portuguese version (MSQ-P) after validation remained with 27 items, distributed in four dimensions: interpersonal orientation, professional knowledge, moral conflict and moral meaning. The MSQ-B explained 55.8% of the total variance and had a Cronbach\'s alpha of 0.82. The MSQ-P presented a variance of 54.0% and a Cronbach\'s alpha of 0.89. The mean of moral sensitivity of nurses in primary health care in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil was 4.49 and in Portugal was 4.94 of 7. The moral sensitivity questionnaire is a valid and appropriate instrument to evaluate the moral sensitivity of nurses in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil and Portugal. The study observed all ethical and legal precepts of research involving human beings, since it guarantees a free and voluntary participation. The research is developed under the modality of full doctorate abroad, granted by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel-CAPES.

The thesis focuses on the possibilities to use elements of palliative hospice care in the retirement home. The work describes basic theoretical themes such as human dignity, its interpretation and dignified dying. It also presents basic issues concerning dying and death, ethical problems of different phases of dying, as well as the dying person's needs. The thesis tries to answer the question about the possibility of dignified dying through the use of hospice care. It also defines palliative care provided in hospices as one of the approaches to long-term care of dying people. The research analyses two standards of nursing care in retirement homes The care of a dying person and The care of a dead person. It presents results of its own research method realized through semi-structured interviews with clients of a retirement home. The aim of the research is to find out whether the clients themselves are interested in application of hospice palliative care in the retirement home.

Women entrepreneurs in the formal or informal sector continue to encounter social, psychological, political, and religious-related challenges, inhibiting their functioning. Consequently, this study explored the psychosocial experiences affecting the informal female traders at Tshakhuma fruit market in Limpopo, South Africa and the coping strategies employed to mitigate psychosocial experiences. The study adopted an interpretivism approach and applied a qualitative methodology and narrative design. Seven informal female traders shared their psychosocial experiences and coping strategies through stories and were collected using unstructured interviews. The narrative thematic analysis was used to analyse the interviews, and psychosocial experiences and coping strategies themes are developed. The family, work environment, and sociocultural social systems guided the psychosocial experiences themes. Lazarus and Folkman informed the coping strategies themes. The findings provided some understanding of women's entrepreneurship in the informal sector, but the findings cannot be extended in another context / Psychology / M.A. Psychology