Karvių slaptojo mastito etiologija, gydymas ir prevencija Raktiniai žodžiai: Slaptas mastitas, karvių, etiologija, gydymas, prevencija Darbą atliko: Darbo vadovas: Darbo apimtis: 45 puslapiai, 5 lentelės, 17 paveikslėlių, 34 naudotos literatūros šaltiniai. Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti mikroorganizmų paplitimą karvių mastito etiologijoje ir nustatyti jų atsparumą antimikrobinėms medžiagoms Darbo uždaviniai: 5. Nustatyti mikroorganizmų, sukėlusių karvėms slaptąjį mastitą paplitimą; 6. Nustatyti mikroorganizmų atsparumą antimikrobinėms medžiagoms; 7. Išanalizuoti ryšį tarp mikroorganizmų rūšių ir somatinių ląstelių skaičiumi 8. Įvertinti preparatų gydomąjį efektyvumą slaptuoju mastitu sergančioms karvėms; Mokslinis - tiriamasis darbas buvo atliekamas 2012 – 2014 metais Lazdijų raj. esančiame X ūkyje. Šiuo metu ūkyje kiekviena dieną melžiama ~ 500 karvių. X ūkyje melžiamos karvės yra laikomos šaltojo tipo tvarte naudojant palaidą sistemą. Tyrimams buvo atrinktos 62 karvės sergančios subklinikiniu mastitu, kurios suskirstytos į 2 grupes po 31 karvę. Grupėms buvo skirtas skirtingas gydymas, 1 –oji grupė gydyta kombinuotu gydymu- „SYNULOX RTU“ injekcinė suspensija kartu su „SYNULOX LC“ intramaminė suspensija galvijams laktacijos metu, o 2 – jai grupei skirtas paprastas gydymas „SYNULOX LC“ intramaminė suspensija. Prieš gydymą ir po gydymo buvo stebėtas SLS kitimas piene, sukėlėjų diagnozavimas, primilžio kitimas, ketvirčių užkrėstumas. X ūkyje nustatėme, kad subklinikiniu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Key Words: latent mastitis, cows, etiology, treatment, prevention Work done by: Supervisor: Volume: 45 pages, 5 tables, 17 images, 34 sources of used literature Aim and goals: Aim: To evaluate spreading of microorganisms in the etiology of cow mastitis and to establish antimicrobal drug resistance Goals: 1. To establish spreading of microorganisms causing latent mastitis of cows; 2. To establish antimicrobal microorganisms resistance; 3. To analyse the relation between the types of microorganisms and number of somatic cells; 4. To evaluate the effectiveness of preparations applied to treat the cows on latent mastitis; The scientific research was carried out in the years 2012 – 2014 in the farm X located in Lazdijai district. Currently, ~ 500 of cows are milked every day in this farm. The milch - cows in the farm X are being kept in the cold type of cow - shed applying a loose system. 62 cows with subclinical mastitis were selected for research. 2 groups were formed, each consisting of 31 cow. Special treatments were applied for both groups. A combined treatment was delivered to the Ist group of cows - injection suspension „SYNULOX RTU“ together with Intramammary suspension „SYNULOX LC“ to cattles during lacation period. Meanwhile, a simple treatment was delivered to the IInd group of cows - Intramammary suspension „SYNULOX LC“. SLS change in milk, diagnosis of agents of desease, change of milk yield, infection of the quarters has been observed before and... [to full text]

<p>Uzroci gubitka svesti su različiti i te&scaron;ko ih je diferencirati. Razlikovanja epileptičkih od neepileptičkih gubitaka svesti je od krucijalnog značaja za ispitivanje, lečenja i prognoze ovih poremećaja. Elektroencefalografija (EEG) je standardna, neinvazivna metoda koja se koristi u ispitivanju nakon gubitka svesti. Inicijalni EEG nalaz nakon prvog gubitka svesti može biti normalan, specifičan ili nespecifičan. Procenat patolo&scaron;kog EEG nalaza je veći kod rano urađenog EEG pregleda. Kod dece rani EEG pregled u roku od 48h ne pokazuje statistički značajne abnormalnosti. Spontanim spavanjem ili EEG pregledom nakon deprivacije spavanja se beleži značajno veća prisutnost epileptiformnih promena kod dece starije od 3 godine, čak i kada je prvi EEG u budnom stanju normalan. Kombinacijama pregleda u budnom stanju i spavanju povećava prisutnost patolo&scaron;kih promena u EEG zapisu. Materijal metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 198 dece uzrasta od 3-12 godine života nakon prvog gubitka svesti. Ispitanici su klasifikovani u dve grupe na osnovu otpusne dijagnoze: na grupu dece kod kojih dijagnoza epilepsije nije postavljena i na grupu dece kod kojih je dijagnoza epilepsije potvrđena. Korelirani su nalazi EEG-a u budnom stanju i spavanju (spontanom ili nakon deprivacije spavanja) sa anamnestičkim i kliničkim podacima o gubitku svesti, podacima o dužini trajanja gubitka svesti i vremena oporavka, vremenom kada je urađen prvi EEG u odnosu na gubitak svesti kao i sa podacima o ličnoj i porodičnoj anamnezi, a koji su navedeni u protokolu istraživanja. Ispitanici su potom podeljeni prema uzrastu u pet grupa u intervalima od 2 godine (3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 9-10; 11-12). Rezultati: Nakon prvog gubitka svesti specifičan (epileptiformni) nalaz EEG u budnom stanju imalo je 41,97% ispitanika, a 58,03% je imalo nespecifičan ili uredan EEG nalaz u budnom stanju, dok je specifičan nalaz EEG u spavanju imalo je 73,57% ispitanika, a 26,43% je imalo nespecifičan ili uredan EEG nalaz u spavanju. Ispitanici koji su imali specifičan EEG nalaz u budnom stanju imali su i specifičan nalaz u spavanju, a 45,07%, nakon deprivacije sna. Ispitanici koji su u budnom stanju imali nespecifičan ili uredan EEG nalaz u budnom stanju su u 35,92% nakon deprvacije spavanja imali specifičan EEG nalaz u spavanju, za razliku od 1,41% dece koji su imali specifičan EEG nalaz u spontanom spavanju. Sumarno gledano bolesnici koji su &ldquo;aktivirani&rdquo; odnosno oni kod kojih je deprivacija spavanja uticala na dobijanje specifičnog nalaza (epileptiformnih pormena) u spavanju čine 37.32% od svih ispitanika sa specifičnim (epileptiformnim) promenama u EEG-u u spavanju Zaključak: Kod većine pacijenata nakon prvog gubitka svesti EEG nalaz u budnom stanju je bio nespecifičan ili uredan. Procenat specifičnih EEG nalaza (epileptiformnih promena) se značajno povećao prilikom snimanja EEG u spavanju. Naročito velika korist od deprivacije spavanja kao metode aktivacije potvrđena kod onih pacijenata koji su imali inicijalni EEG u budnom stanju uredan ili nespecifičan. Dobijeni rezultati nesumljivo ukazuju na efikasnost deprivacije spavanja kao provokacione metode i povećanja procenta interiktalnihepileptiformnih EEG promena. Neprovociranih prvi gubitci svesti su se če&scaron;će javljali u grupi dece kod kojih je dijagnoza epilepsije potvrđena, dok su se provocirani gubitci svesti javljali če&scaron;će u grupi dece kod kojih dijagnoza epilepsije nije postavljena. Uzrast dece nije uticao na postavljanje dijagnoze epilepsije kao ni na inicijalne nalaze EEGa u budnom stanju i spavanju ali se registrovalo povećanje specifičnih nalaza (epileptiformnih promena) EEG-a, nakon deprivacije spavanja , sa porastom godina života.</p> / <p>The reasons for the loss of consciousness are various and difficult to be differentiated. It is of utmost importance to differentiate between epileptic and non-epileptic losses of consciousness for the purpose of testing, treating and giving prognosis related to this disorder. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a standard, non-invasive method used in testing after the loss of consciousness. The initial EEG after the first loss of consciousness can be normal, specific and non-specific. The percentage of pathological EEG findings is higher in EEG exams performed at an earlier stage. In children, an early EEG exam within 48 hours does not reveal any statistically relevant abnormalities. Spontaneous sleeping or an EEG examination after sleep deprivation leads to a significantly higher number of epileptiform changes in children above the age of 3, even in cases when the first EEG in the awake state was normal. Combinations of examinations in the awake state and during sleep lead to an increased presence of pathological changes in the EEG recording. Material and methods: The research included 198 children aged 3-12 who have experienced their first loss of consciousness. The subjects were classified into two groups, based on their discharge diagnosis: children who have not been diagnosed with epilepsy and children who have had epilepsy confirmed. A correlation was established between EEG findings in the awake state and sleep (spontaneous or following sleep deprivation) and medical history and clinical data related to the loss of consciousness, the information about the length of the loss of consciousness and recovery time, the time when the first EEG examination was performed in relation to the loss of consciousness, as well as the data from the personal and family history. The subjects were further divided into five groups, depending on their age, with each group covering a 2-year period (3-4; 5-6; 7-8; 9-10; 11-12). Results: Following the first loss of consciousness, specific (epileptiform) EEG findings were noticed in 41.97% subjects, while 58.03% of them had non-specific, i.e. regular findings in the awake state. When it comes to the findings during sleep, 73,57% were specific, while 26,43% were non-specific, i.e. regular. The subjects who had specific EEG findings in the awake state also had specific findings during sleep, while that percentage was 45,07% after sleep deprivation. The subjects who had non-specific, i.e. regular EEG findings in the awake state had specific EEG findings during sleep in 35.92% of the cases following sleep deprivation, while 1.41% of the children had specific EEG findings during spontaneous sleep. In total, the patients who were &ldquo;activated&rdquo;, i.e. those whose sleep deprivation contributed to specific findings (epileptiform changes) during sleep comprise 37.32% of all subjects with specific (epileptiform) changes in the EEG findings during sleep. Conclusion: In most patients suffering from the first loss of consciousness the EEG findings were non-specific, i.e. regular. The percentage of specific EEG findings (epileptiform changes) was significantly increased when the EEG examination was performed during sleep. Sleep deprivation, as an activation method, was particularly useful in patients whose initial EEG findings in the awake state were regular, i.e. non-specific. The results obtained undoubtedly confirm the efficiency of sleep deprivation as a provoking method and the increase of the percentage of interictal epileptiform EEG changes. Unprovoked first losses of consciousness were more common in the group of children who have had the diagnosis of epilepsy confirmed, while provoked losses of consciousness were more common in the group of children who have not been diagnosed with epilepsy. The age of children did not affect the process of establishing a diagnosis of epilepsy, nor did it affect the initial EEG findings in the awake state or during sleep, but it was observed that the number of specific EEG findings (epileptiform changes) following sleep deprivation increased with the increase of the age of the patients.</p>

THEME: Kinesitherapy means effectiveness determination for ill with juvenile spinal column osteochondropathy. THE WORK CARRIED OUT: Ausra Aleksandroviene. THE WORK SUPERVISOR: ass. prof. Dr. P.Zachovajevas THE AIM OF THE WORK: to determine the most effective kinesitherapy means out of those which were applied PC Silainiai polyclinic kinesiotherapy consulting-room visiting patients ill with juvenile spinal column osteochondropathy. TASKS: 1. To determine kinesitherapy means impact on children's general balance. 2. To determine kinesitherapy means impact on children's flexibility. 3. To determine kinesitherapy means impact on the abdomen, back, waist muscles endurance power. 4. To determine kinesitherapy means impact on aerobic working capacity . SUMMARY: Many people have back pains. The reasons of these pains are different, they are caused by various diseases. One of the most met diagnosis of late - juvenile spinal column osteochondropathy which has several names - they are juvenile ciphosis or Schojerman - Mau disease. This disease has a property to become chronic, to cause various complications, lasts more than one year. Due to early diagnostics the first symptoms of the disease are found out though many have no complaints. The inveteracy of the disease has impact on human self-feeling, cause muscles and nerves pain, decrease working capacity. The spinal column injuries and diseases determination complexity is related to this that up till now practically there is no healthy... [to full text]