This study will examine the importance of Country-of-Origin, Price, Quality and Expiration date, in the consumer decision making process for fresh meat. Country-of-Origin has earlier been investigated, however the research has been focusing on manipulating one single cue. With the recent scandals in the fresh meat industry, were animals being abused and expiration dates being changed, it is interesting to investigate how important the consumers find the four attributes; Country-of-Origin, price, quality and expiration date.In order to answer the research questions, and fulfil the purpose, the authors will use a mix of different data collection methods. Qualitative data will be gathered by performing interviews and quantitative data will be gathered by conducting a pilot study and an experiment. The data will be retrieved with the use of SPSS 17.0 and the conjoint analysis procedure. Country-of-origin has been found to be the most preferred attribute for consumers in their purchasing process for fresh meat, closely followed by expiration date. The consumer did find price and quality to be of importance, however the attributes were not found to be as important as Country-of-Origin and expiration date. As Country-of-Origin was found to be the most significant attribute for consumers in their decision making process, this indicates that the consumers are ethnocentric in their behaviour, i.e. they consider their own country and culture to be above others, which leads to a purchase of Swedish meat. It has also been found that the purchasing process of fresh meat is of great complexity, especially with the negative attention the fresh meat industry has induced.

<p>This study will examine the importance of Country-of-Origin, Price, Quality and Expiration date, in the consumer decision making process for fresh meat. Country-of-Origin has earlier been investigated, however the research has been focusing on manipulating one single cue. With the recent scandals in the fresh meat industry, were animals being abused and expiration dates being changed, it is interesting to investigate how important the consumers find the four attributes; Country-of-Origin, price, quality and expiration date.In order to answer the research questions, and fulfil the purpose, the authors will use a mix of different data collection methods. Qualitative data will be gathered by performing interviews and quantitative data will be gathered by conducting a pilot study and an experiment. The data will be retrieved with the use of SPSS 17.0 and the conjoint analysis procedure. Country-of-origin has been found to be the most preferred attribute for consumers in their purchasing process for fresh meat, closely followed by expiration date. The consumer did find price and quality to be of importance, however the attributes were not found to be as important as Country-of-Origin and expiration date.<strong> </strong>As Country-of-Origin was found to be the most significant attribute for consumers in their decision making process, this indicates that the consumers are ethnocentric in their behaviour, i.e. they consider their own country and culture to be above others, which leads to a purchase of Swedish meat. It has also been found that the purchasing process of fresh meat is of great complexity, especially with the negative attention the fresh meat industry has induced.</p>

The aim of this thesis was to observe the occurrence of biogenic amines and polyamines in selected types of ripening cheeses and to assess the content of the materials since the expiration date. Content of biogenic amines and polyamines in chosen samples was monitored last day of the expiration date, a week after the expiration date, two weeks after the expiration date, and after four weeks from the end of the expiration date.

Each year, 1.3 billion tons of food produced for human consumption are lost or go to waste globally throughout the food supply chain (FSC). Increasing the efficiency of the entire FSC is an essential action in achieving food security for the global population, which includes reducing the amount of food lost and wasted. This thesis aims to contribute with rich insight into if and how contemporary information systems in grocery stores, which are part of the FSC, are supporting expiration date tracking and if they are contributing to reducing food waste. The study was carried out as a case study in three grocery stores, applying the task-technology fit model as its theoretical framework to guide the study and analyze the empirical results. The study found that the expiration date tracking systems in the grocery stores supported them in tracking expiration dates considering the measurements of task-technology fit since they sufficiently support and fulfill the needs of the users’ tasks, but that there is still room for improvement. The study also found that, according to the users’ perceptions, the grocery stores using expiration date tracking systems were able to prevent more food waste when using the systems in comparison to if they would not have been used.

日常在消費與飲食之前，檢視有效日期成為一種習慣性的社會行為，習以為常但並非理所當然，乃至於矛盾。基於此，本研究好奇有效日期這項制度於社會的現況為何？如何被實踐？試以眾人熟悉且店家數分布最密集的連鎖加盟便利商店—「7-Eleven統一超商」為代表性研究場域，其門市職員為面訪對象來源。研究發現到有效日期的實施與「食物浪費」之間的強烈關聯性，換言之，以「食物安全」為目的的有效日期，與「食物浪費」產生的對立、衝突，成為不可被忽略的事實。現代社會中，一方面面對著不時被討論、關懷的糧食危機議題，食物浪費的嚴重化成為最大的諷刺；另一方面食品危機層出不窮、屢見不鮮，對於食物安全的重視度成了最沉重的難題。 本研究試圖釐清「在有效日期制度存在之下，對於食物究竟可食與否，產生的兩難困境」：若不依據有效日期而食，「食物安全」令人堪憂疑慮；反之，「食物浪費」成了不得不的後果。本研究依序從制度、理性、價值面向來對此困境進行歸納與分析，最終歸結為下列五點：一、近年來，頻繁的食安風暴造成食物安全的要求加重，而易將仍可食用的食物拋棄；二、有效日期的氾濫使用致使消費者僅在意食物「過期與否」而非「可食與否」；三、越謹守有效日期所帶來的新鮮品質與安全保障，越能為業者製造更多正面名聲與商業價值；四、個人原本對於食物應負起的責任，因有效日期而轉移到整體社會來承擔，使得人們對於「食物浪費」顯得無感與忽視；五、買賣雙方對有效日期的意義認知有一定差異，前者視為「預期性安全」，後者作為「必然性浪費」。 時至今日，有效日期這項制度在社會建構下的結果，改變了社會與食物之間的關係，冀望此研究作為現代社會的反思基礎，並共同致力於未來出路。 / Checking for the expiry date before buying or eating anything, has to be one of the habitual behaviors in our daily life. This act seems usual, but actually is not necessary at all and is even a contradiction. Based on this reasoning, this research is about how the system of expiration date is being used nowadays and how it is being implemented. Through participant observation and in-depth interviews, collecting view points and experience from staff members in 7-ELEVEN President Chain Store, which is known for the most branches of convenience retailer in Taiwan. The research found that there is a robust relation between the implementation of expiration date and serious “food waste”. It means that the system of expiration date, which is for the purpose of ensuring “food safety”, will also come about vast amounts of “food waste”. Comparing with the global food crisis, “food waste” is not only a great irony but also conflicts with the maintenance of “food safety”. In view of this, the objective of this research lies in clarifying that food is edible or not will be a dilemmatic situation under the system of expiration date. If people don’t follow the expiration date it compromises “food safety”, otherwise “food waste” will be the consequence without choice. Whereas this dilemma, the research is going to integrate and analyze it sequentially via three dimensions, including system, rationality, and value. There are five following conclusions: (1) Recently, the frequent food safety issues raise the demand of safety, so it’s easier to abandon edible food. (2) Overusing the expiration date makes the consumer only focus on if food is “overdue or not” but not “edible or not”. (3) For businessmen, adhering to the expiration date more results in having more positive prestige and benefits. (4) Because of the expiration date, the responsibility of food for the individual shifts onto the whole society. (5) The understanding of expiration date between buyer and seller are different. The former views it as “Precautionary safety”, while the latter is to regard it as “Inevitable Waste”. Hopefully this research will provide reference for reflecting on the relation between society and food, and aid in finding a solution in the future.

The following article conveys a critical revision of the concessions renewal regimen as a matter of public telecommunication services of the Peruvian normative. For that, the author will focus on analyze the existing renewal forms of telecommunication in the Peruvian legislation, as well as the principles that rule the renewal processes of the telecommunication concessions. In addition, the author offers a new perspective about the authorities that are able to perform the process mentioned before, to finally show us the probability to reform the used methodology of the expiration dates of concessions based on certain principles,and bestow a modification proposal. / El presente artículo trata sobre una revisión crítica del régimen de renovación de concesiones en materia de servicios públicos de Telecomunicaciones en la normativa peruana. Para ello, el autor se centrará en analizar las formas de renovación existente en la legislación peruana, así como los principios que rigen el proceso de renovación de las concesiones en Telecomunicaciones. Además, el autor nos brinda una visión sobre las autoridades competentes para realizar el mencionado proceso, para, finalmente, mostrarnos una probabilidad de reforma en la metodología de renovación de plazos de concesión basada en determinados principios, así como una otorgarnos una propuesta de modificación.