Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-14T14:16:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOAQUIM PEREIRA RODRIGUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2003..pdf: 14449699 bytes, checksum: 7cf16212a6472107d11953d967cd33fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T14:16:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOAQUIM PEREIRA RODRIGUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGEA 2003..pdf: 14449699 bytes, checksum: 7cf16212a6472107d11953d967cd33fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-07 / As espécies de Eucalyptus e Pinus brasileiros apresentam um alto nível de resistência aos incêndios florestais, sendo consideradas, por alguns, como plantas pirófitas ativas. E, por isto se pergunta: O comportamento das sementes dessas espécies evoluíram exclusivamente em relação às perturbações produzidas pelo fogo ou, pelo contrário, outras causas influenciaram nesse processo e ainda se essas espécies desenvolveram respostas adaptativas similares? Para responder estas perguntas, sementes de cinco espécies de Eucalyptus e três de Pinus foram submetidas a diferentes intensidades térmicas e tempo de exposição, para simular resposta aos diferentes regimes de fogo, avaliando os efeitos provocados pelas elevadas temperaturas a que foram submetidas às sementes, assim como o efeito das cinzas, tido como elemento mais notável do micro-ambiente em que há de se desenvolver posteriormente os propágulos. O material vegetal empregado foi produzido e adquirido pelo IPEF (Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais) em Piracicaba, SP. Para avaliar a resposta das sementes ao efeito das temperaturas, fez-se uso do delineamento estatístico inteiramente casualisado com arranjo fatorial. Na ausência de tratamentos térmicos, as sementes de Eucalyptus e Pinus registraram altas taxas de germinação e forte redução já a partir de temperaturas igual ou superiores a 70 °C sugerindo que realmente não são plantas pirófitas ativas. Os valores da germinação obtidos com os tratamentos de temperatura igual a 50 °C diferiram estatisticamente da testemunha. No entanto, a redução da germinação, em termo médios, foi de 5% (87 para 92% da testemunha), sendo muito similares para todas as espécies de Eucalyptus e Pinus estudadas. Quando os valores da temperatura são iguais ou superiores a 110 °C se observa uma importante redução da germinação das sementes em todos os tratamentos. A avaliação simultânea do calor e das cinzas mostrou a existência de interação entre ambos os fatores, com inibição total da germinação em alguns tratamentos. / The Brazilians species of Eucalyptus and Pinus present a high resistance levei to the forest fires, being considered, for some, as plants active pyrofits. And, for this reason it wonders: Did the behavior of the seeds of those species develop exclusively in relationship the disturbances produced by the fire or for the thwart, do other causes influence in that process and if, those species developed answers similar adapted? To answer these questions, seeds of five species of Eucalyptuses and three of Pinus were submitted at different thermal intensities and time of exhibition, for similar answer to the different fire regimes, evaluating the effects provoked by high temperatures were submitted the one , as well as the effect of the ashes, had as the element more notable of the environment in that must grow the plants later. The material employed vegetable was produced and acquired by 1PEF (Researches and Forest Studies Institute) in Piracicaba; SP. To evaluate the answer of the seeds to the effect of the temperatures, it was made use of the statistical lineation entirely casualty with factorial arrangement. In the absence of thermal treatments, the of Eucalyptus and Pinus seeds already registered discharges germination rates and strong reduction starting from temperatures equal or superior to 70 °C suggesting that are not really plants active pyrofits. The values of the germination obtained with the temperature treatments same to 50 °C they differed statisticiality of control, however the reduction of the germination, in médium terms, was of 5% (87 for 92% of control), being very similar for ali the species of Eucalyptus and Pinus seeds studied. When the values of the temperature are same or superior to 110 °C an important reduction of the germination of the seeds of ali the treatments it is observed. The simultaneous evaluation of the heat and of the ashes, it showed the interaction existence between both the factors, with total inhibition of the germination in some treatments.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Accurate determination of working length during endodontic therapy is a crucial step in achieving a predictable outcome. This is determined by the use of electronic apex locators, tactile perception, and knowledge of average tooth lengths and/or dental radiography whether digital or conventional is utilized. It is the aim of this study to determine if there is a difference between Schick digital radiography and Kodak Insight conventional film in accurately determining working lengths when modifying exposure time and source-film/sensor distance. Twelve teeth with size 15 K-flex files at varying known lengths from the anatomical apex were mounted in a resin-plaster mix to simulate bone density. Each tooth was radiographed while varying the source-film/sensor distance and exposure 122 time. Four dental professionals examined the images and films independently. Ten images and 10 films were selected at random and re-examined to determine each examiner?s repeatability. The error in working length was calculated as the observed value minus the known working length for each tooth type. A mixed-effects, full-factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to model the error in working length. Included in the ANOVA model were fixed effects for type of image, distance, exposure time, and all two-way and three-way interactions. The repeatability of each examiner for each film type was assessed by estimating the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The repeatability of each examiner on digital film was good with ICCs ranging from 0.67 to 1.0. Repeatability on the conventional film was poor with ICCs varying from -0.29 to 0.55.We found there was an overall difference between the conventional and digital films (p < 0.001). After adjusting for the effects of distance and exposure time, the error in the working length from the digital image was 0.1 mm shorter (95% CI: 0.06, 0.14) than the error in the working length from the film image. There was no difference among distances (p = 0.999) nor exposure time (p = 0.158) for film or images. Based on the results of our study we conclude that although there is a statistically significant difference, there is no clinically significant difference between digital radiography and conventional film when exposure time and source-film/sensor distance are adjusted.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).