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Tato práce je zaměřena na seznámení se s problematikou kompilace statistiky zprostředkovatelů financování aktiv, vymezení okruhu vykazujících subjektů, způsob sběru dat, dopočet chybějících údajů. Součástí je i vysvětlení či návrh zachycení operací finančního leasingu a faktoringu, což jsou specifické činností prováděné zprostředkovateli financování aktiv, pro statistické účely.

Tato práce si klade za cíl upozornit na možnosti v zdánlivě samozřejmých postupech řízení mezinárodních pohledávek. Přesvědčit čtenáře, že pečlivé provedení tohoto procesu vede k úspěšnému obchodu. Druhým cílem je podrobit faktoring, jakožto nástroj léčby podnikových financí, důkladnému testu, za účelem zhodnocení jeho využitelnosti v mezinárodních transakcích.

Úvěrové riziko je jedním z nejvýznamnějších rizik, kterému jsou mezinárodně činné subjekty při prodeji s odloženou splatností nuceny čelit. Práce popisuje vývoj úvěrového rizika v zemích Evropské unie a v USA a také zmiňuje možné příčiny tohoto vývoje. Dále jsou popsány a porovnány možnosti zajištění úvěrového rizika s důrazem na komerční pojištění pohledávek, které lze v současnosti v zemích střední a východní Evropy považovat za produkt s velkým růstovým potenciálem. V práci jsou identifikovány procesy konsolidace a internacionalizace probíhající na světovém i českém trhu pojištění pohledávek a také vývoj tržních podílů nejvýznamnějších pojišťoven včetně budoucích perspektiv. Na základě případové studie je popsána podstata pojištění pohledávek včetně postupů a pravidel pro likvidaci škody.

Each company must deal how to resolve funding of business activities. One option could be factoring. Client gains funds as well as administration of receivables. The aim of my disertation is prove whether factoring contribued to financial stability of selected companies.There is a Financial analysis in the practical part of my disertation. You can find business´s conditions before and after using factoring. I compared the costs of factorng and costs of operating credit. Statistical verification was performed. Finally, suggestions and recommendations are specified.

The work deals with the type of short-term financing used especially by the small and middle companies - factoring. The theoretical part deals with its history and developement, its legal framework, types of factoring, its costs, that can be compared with the other types of short-term financing mentioned in the diploma work. I tried to sum up for and against of factoring. Especially negatives are not mentioned very often. The particular example of factoring costs is solved in the practical part. The same example is booked together with the offset with the customer. Then there are suggested other possibilities of booking the factoring, that are suitable to be used.

This diploma thesis is concerned with a financial tool called factoring. It involves an assignment of account receivables before their maturity date onto the factoring company and thus taking over their administration while providing immediate cash to the original creditor in order to sustain liquidity. Legislation of this method of financing is not yet fully resolved therefore it is crucial to focus primarily on the ecnomic substance of individual contracts. Basically, there are two major types of factoring: recourse and non-recourse depending on the level of assumed risk, together with transfer of ownerwhip of the account receivable. This fundamental distinction is inevitable for correct financial reporting which should reflect not only the accounting principles but also it should respect other implications, such as taxation.

The main purpose of my work will be the introduction of factoring as a method of financing short-term loans. Factoring is the purchase of short-term receivables to maturity under the factoring agreement, which establishes the rights and obligations of the parties. Factoring is implemented in two basic ways, either to themselves factoring company transfers the risk of failure to pay debts (without the possibility of reverse recourse), or the risk is left to the original owner receivable (with the possibility of re-recourse). From the form of factoring is then derived its price, which consists of two components, the components of risk and administrative costs. Through factoring the original owner receivable obtains most of the nominal value of the claim immediately and these financial funds may be used freely. The aim of the work will assess the financial situation of Kasalova pila, Ltd., which to finance their debts began to use factoring services in 2009. The central focus will therefore be placed on the use of factoring, but since we take into account the opportunity costs to company from the fact that the part of the funds held in the form of receivables (receivables not progress to factoring), receivables financing options will be supplemented by the use of business credit. This loan will therefore cover the portion of receivables that will not be progressing to the factor, thus ensuring the possibility of any use of the funds that would otherwise be bound by the claims. Subsequently, the current status in society compared with other variants of the layout of finance receivables, which find that the opportunity for your company represent the least expensive form of this funding.

This thesis deals with factoring as a short-term debt financing. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses financial analysis of the company, working capital financing and enterprise receivables management, including the possibility of funding claims. The widest part is devoted to the description of factoring, factoring types, features, advantages and disadvantages. We also describe the course of a typical factoring case from the beginning to the end of the contract. Part of this work is devoted to a description accounting for factoring and comparison in factoring and revolving credit. Last part shows the factoring financing impact in specific firm on financial analysis indicators. The positive impact of factoring in the increase primarily reflected the Company's liquidity and payment behavior of customers.

V mé diplomové práci porovnávám riziko nesplacení pohledávky a náklady jejího zajištění prostřednictvím zajišťovacích instrumentů dostupných na českém trhu a ověřuji, zdali je v daném případě ekonomicky výhodné zajišťovací instrument využít nebo ne. Za pomoci bankrotních modelů a tranzitivních matic ratingových agentur analyzuji pravděpodobnost úpadku firmy do jednoho roku a následně ji promítám do hodnoty pohledávky. Toto riziko kvantifikované přes očekávanou ztrátu porovnávám s náklady na její zajištění u bankovní záruky, dokumentárního akreditivu a faktoringu.