This exploratory study was designed to elicit information about family reactions to the crisis of illness and what families perceive to be helpful during this crisis. The study focused on the family crisis of incorporating back into the family a father who had experienced his first myocardial infarction. The study was conducted with a convenience sample of ten male myocardial infarction patients, their wives, and children living in the household. A semi-structured interview schedule was used with each family one to three weeks following the father's discharge from hospital. The interview data were summarized into categories and descriptive statistics were used. All 10 families described changes that had occurred in the areas of family roles, interactions, affect and structure since the father had returned home from hospital. The amounts of help received by families varied a great deal and differences of opinion were expressed within some families. Friends and home care nurses were most frequently seen as persons offering the most help to families. Receiving information and reassurance were seen as helpful during this time. In summary, the results of the study indicate that families do experience a variety of changes when a family member is ill. The quantity and quality of change are related to the family's perception of the nature of the illness, the ill member's enactment of the sick role and the degree of difference between the family's pre-illness and post-illness state. Illness, especially life-threatening illness, fosters a review of individual and family goals which can also produce change. It is also presumed that family reactions can have an effect on the course of illness. The effect is dependent upon family perceptions of the illness, the amount and kind of controls they can exercise, and the personal needs of individual family members. More research is required to identify the characteristics and temporal aspects of family reactions to illness and family effects on illness. Innovative approaches to research design and methodology are required to ensure scientific theory development and continued appreciation of the complexity of family systems. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate

Behavior analysts form parent-professional relationships with families of many different backgrounds. the study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program to teach behavior analysts to utilize an open family interview format. the study was conducted at an autism treatment program. a pre-post treatment design with in vivo simulation probes before and after training was used to assess the effects of the workshop on the participants and parents’ verbal behavior. Results showed that rate of questions per minute and number of closed-ended questions decreased after training, the duration of interviews decreased after training, the number of closed-ended questions significantly decreased after training, and frequency of the discussion topic of child goals increased after training. in general, interviewer responses varied. Preliminary data and parent questionnaire responses suggested parents were comfortable with the new interview format and felt the behavior analyst understood cultural and family needs.

Afrikaans: Die effek van korrektiewe toesig op die eggenote of saamwoonmaat van die manlike toesiggeval en die gepaardgaande stigmatisering en viktimisering vanuit verskeie samelewingsisteme is tydens die navorsing verken. Parsons se Aigemene Handelingsteorie is gebruik om die studie te rig en die bevindinge te interpreteer. Die unieke wyse waarop elke gesinslid korrektiewe toesig beleef, is beklemtoon. In Ondersoekgroep van 20 respondente is deur middel van In sneeubal- en versadigingsteekproef-seleksie soos volg saamgestel: een respondent se eggenoot of saamwoonmaat het minder as vier maande korrektiewe toesig verrig, drie respondente se eggenotes of saamwoonmaats het tussen vier en ses maande korrektiewe toesig uitgedien, vyf respondente se eggenote of saamwoonmaats was reeds tussen sewe en nege maande met korrektiewe toesig besig, vier respondente se eggenote of saamwoonmaats is tussen tien en twaalf maande onder korrektiewe toesig, terwyl ses respondente se eggenote of saamwoonmaats al langer as een jaar onder korrektiewe toesig is. Navorser het tydens die studie van 'n konteksspesifieke metodologiese benadering gebruik gemaak, waarvolgens daar op die eggenote of saamwoonmaat se belewenis van korrektiewe toesig gefokus is. Uit die ontleding en analise van data blyk dit dat die toesiggeval se gesin en veral die eggenoot of saamwoonmaat deur persone in die samelewing (sosiale subsisteem) gestigmatiseer en geviktimiseer kan word. Sekere faktore wat 'n invloed op die respondent of haar gesin se belewenis van korrektiewe toesig kan hê, is geïdentifiseer, onder andere byvoorbeeld die wyse waarop die respondent of haar gesin van korrektiewe toesig as vonnis verneem het, die tydsduur van die hofverrigtinge, die lengte van die vonnis en die kategorie van korrektiewe toesig. Navonsingsbevindinge dui daarop dat die faktore 'n invloed op die gesin se belewenis van korrektiewe toesig kan uitoefen. Elke individuele gesinslid funksioneer binne 'n bepaalde gesins- en samelewingsopset wat kan veroorsaak dat die belewenis van korrektiewe toesig 'n effek op verskeie subsisteme kan hê, naamlilk die biologiese, persoonlikheid-, sosiale en kulturele subsisteme. Die manier waarop die samelewing teenoor die gesin van die toesiggeval optree, kan sekere handelinge by die respondent en haar eggenoot of saamwoonmaat tot gevolg hê. Die wyse waarop die eggenote of saamwoonmaat die invloed en interaksie vanuit elke sisteem beleef, bepaal die mate waartoe sy aanpas, haar doel bereik, met die samelewing integreer en gedragspatrone gehandhaaf word. Die behoefte van die eggenote of saamwoonmaat van toesiggevalle het duidelik tydens die onderhoude na vore gekom. Die bevindinge van die navorsing het dit moontlik gemaak om praktiese voorstelle met betrekking tot die eggenote of saamwoonmaat se belewenis van korrektiewe toesig te maak. Die samelewing behoort ingelig te word aangaande die aard, toepassing en realiteit van korrektiewe toesig as 'n alternatiewe vonnisopsie. Die bevindinge van die ondersoek beklemtoon ook sekere terreine en moontlikhede vir toekomstige navorsing. English: The effect of correctional supervision on the wife or partner of the probationer, as well as stigmatisation and victimisation was studied according to various systems in society. Parson's General Action theory was used to direct the research and the interpretation of data. The study highlighted the unique way in which each family member experienced correctional supervision. A group of 20 respondents was selected by means of snowball and saturation sampling methods as follows: one respondent's husband or partner had completed less than four month's correctional supervision, three respondents husbands or partners has completed between four and six months of correctional supervision, five respondents husbands or partners had been doing between seven and nine months, four respondents husbands or partners had completed between ten and twelve months and six respondent's husbands or partners had completed more than one year. A context specific methodological approach was used which focused on the experiences of the spouse or partner of the probationer during correctional supervision. The interpretation and analysis of the data showed that the probationer's family especially the spouse or partner experienced stigmatisation and victimisation by the society. Certain factors that can influence the respondent or her family, has been identified, for example the means by which the respondent has been notified of the sentence, the duration of the court cases, the length of the sentence and the category of supervision. Research results further showed that these factors could influence the way the family of the offender experienced correctional supervision. Each individual family member functions within a specific family and social system, which implies that the subsystems, for namely the biological, personality, social and cultural subsystems, can be influenced by the family's experience of correctional supervision. The means by which society reacts towards the family of the probationer, can have an effect on the actions of the respondent and her husband or partner. The needs of probationers' wifes or partners have clearly emerged through the interviews. These results have made it possible to advance practical recommendations with regard to probationers' families' experience of correctional supervision. Society should be informed about the nature, application and realities of correctional supervision as an alternative sentence. In addition, the results highlighted further areas and possibilities for future research. / Dissertation (MA (Criminology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

Homelessness is a complex issue that impacts families in many ways. One pathway of addressing homelessness among families has been the use of transitional housing programs. Previous research demonstrates the importance of social support among homeless parents, including their involvement in transitional housing programs. While these programs may serve as a support for families experiencing homelessness, little is known about the lived experiences of social support among homeless parents including their strengths and challenges. The purpose of this study was to understand if and how social support is an important resource for families experiencing homelessness. More specifically, this study aimed to explore the social support networks of families living in transitional housing, including their immediate families and non-homeless friends and family members, and the challenges they experience in accessing these supports. In addition, this study sought to understand if and how transitional housing programs may act as a support for homeless families and the challenges that accompany this. Finally, this study aimed to understand homeless families' perceptions of other needed supports within their housing program. Both ecological systems theory and structural family therapy were used as guiding frameworks in this study. These theories provided both a detailed look at family life and relationships and also a broader lens to view the family within their environment and larger context. Using a qualitative design, data for this study were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Participants included 20 parents living in transitional housing with at least one child. Interviews were conducted to assess parents' experiences in transitional housing, their social support networks, and their suggestions for change. An ethnographic framework supported by constant comparative analysis was used to analyze the data. This included the process of open, axial, and selective coding. Trustworthiness was promoted through the use of observation data for triangulation as well as several other measures. Results revealed themes related to parents' isolation from support, parents' family as a source of strength, and the impact of the program on their support network. Parents also identified several additional support needs including employment services, interpersonal supports, increased services for children, and increased awareness of and access to supports. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester 2015. / April 22, 2015. / ethnography, homelessness, parenting, social support, transitional housing / Includes bibliographical references. / Lenore McWey, Professor Directing Dissertation; Tomi Gomory, University Representative; Kendal Holtrop, Committee Member; Wayne Denton, Committee Member.

No description available.

Despite the prevalence of delinquency during adolescence and the influence of culture on parenting behaviors and adolescent outcomes, few comparative studies have examined the association between parental warmth and delinquency trajectories both longitudinally and cross-culturally. Thus, this study sought to identify cultural differences in individual delinquency trajectories and those associations with parental warmth. In Study 1, latent growth modeling (LGM) was used to examine the individual trajectories of delinquency and the protective effect of parental warmth on delinquency trajectories using the U.S. sample from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). In Study 2, using the Korean sample from the Korean Youth Panel Survey (KYPS), the same two research questions were investigated. Lastly, Study 3 explored cultural differences in such associations between the United States and South Korea. Findings showed the patterns of delinquency across time and culture, indicating delinquency decline from middle to late adolescence in both the U.S. and Korean samples. Results also demonstrated the protective effect of parental warmth concurrently and longitudinally in both countries. More importantly, there were cultural differences in such associations, indicating that the longitudinal protective effect of parental warmth was larger for U.S. adolescents than Korean adolescents. Implications of the study suggest the need to improve a warm relationship between parent and adolescent to reduce delinquency. It is also important to understand cultural influences on parenting and adolescent outcome for educators, clinicians, politicians, interventionists, and researchers. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester 2015. / June 17, 2015. / Add Health, Cross-Cultural, Delinquency, Korean Youth Panel Survey, Longitudinal, Parental Warmth / Includes bibliographical references. / Ming Cui, Professor Directing Dissertation; Karen A. Randolph, University Representative; Kendal Holtrop, Committee Member; Marsha L. Rehm, Committee Member.

ABSTRACT During this case study there was an investigation of the perceived impact of social media posts on a college athlete's performance and self-evaluation. The goal was to have up to ten Division I athletes from Southeastern colleges or universities. The convenience sample was recruited through flyers posted on social media and word of mouth. The participants completed a demographic survey, which allowed them to identify their race and age group (18-20, 21-23, or 24-26). The survey also asked the athlete to describe their academic classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior), as well as their athletic classification (red shirt freshman, true freshman, sophomore, junior, senior), and what sport they play. The athlete also completed a face-to-face interview, with the exception of one athlete, about social media posts and the impact the posts have on them on and off their perspective fields. For this qualitative study descriptive statistics were used through the survey data received from the participants. Traditional qualitative analysis techniques were used to identify themes found from the interview responses. The results of the study revealed the social media activity of the athletes, how social media posts about themselves or teammates impact them on the field, and how the posts have affected how they identify who they are and perceive themselves. Key words: social media, Division I athletes, emerging adults / A Thesis submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. / Spring Semester 2016. / March 23, 2016. / Division I athletes, Emerging adults, Social media / Includes bibliographical references. / Marsha Rehm, Professor Directing Thesis; Melinda Gonzales-Backen, Committee Member; Bethany Blair, Committee Member.

This study examined the role of humility in romantic relationships. Specifically, a theoretical model was tested in which perceptions of humility are associated with self-forgiveness and partner forgiveness in romantic relationships, which are in turn associated with relationship satisfaction. A sample of emerging adult females (N = 152), who reported being in a romantic relationship completed measures of self-reported humility, self-forgiveness, partner forgiveness, and relationship satisfaction. Serial mediation analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling procedures. Perceptions of humility were not related to relationship satisfaction directly. Significant indirect effects through self-forgiveness and partner forgiveness did serially mediate the influence of humility on relationship satisfaction. Findings are discussed as well as limitations and implications for research and clinical practice. / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Summer Semester 2016. / June 22, 2016. / Emerging Adult, Forgiveness, Humility, Mediation, Relationship Satisfaction / Includes bibliographical references. / Lenore McWey, Professor Directing Dissertation; Robert L. Glueckauf, University Representative; Mindy Gonzalez-Backen, Committee Member; Frank D. Fincham, Committee Member.

A clear understanding on the impact of the built environment on travel behavior is crucial for land use and transport planning. However, previous land use-transport studies are largely constrained to a single individual in the household and a single long-term choice (i.e. residential location). The individual was commonly used as the unit of analysis, while both long-term location/mobility choices (residential location, work location and car ownership) and daily travel behaviors could be household level decisions. Besides, previous land use-transport research usually assumed the residential location as a decision that independent with the work location, while these two location choices may be associated with each other. Ignoring intra-household interactions in travel decisions and the interdependencies between different long-term choices would lead to an incomplete understanding on the land use-transport relationship. This thesis fills these research gaps by providing a new household perspective to rethink and reexamine the relationships among the built environment, travel attitudes, and travel behavior. It extends the"individual-based"analytical framework of land use-transport research to a broader"household-based"one. Specifically, this proposed analytical framework takes the household as the basic unit of analysis, and considers interactions among different household members as well as different long-term choices. This research challenges the underlying assumptions of existing land use-transport research, and has the potential to guide the research design and model specification of future travel behavior studies. Three empirical studies were conducted to examine the proposed household-based research framework. Data was derived from a household activity-travel diary survey in 2016 in Beijing, China. The results of empirical studies indicate that: Self-selection exists in different long-term choices, including residential location, work location, commuting distance and car ownership; Travel attitudes of different household members play different roles in self-selections regarding these long-term choices; The partner's travel attitudes affect an individual's long-term choices and travel behaviors simultaneously, thereby could be additional sources of the self-selection effect; The built environment has indirect impacts on the male head's travel behaviors through the female head's travel choices; Besides, residential location has indirect impacts on travel behavior though the work location choice, and vice versa. In general, this dissertation confirms the significance and necessity of investigating the impact of the built environment on travel behavior from a household-based perspective. Findings in this dissertation contribute to a better understanding on the process and mechanism of household members' long-term and short-term travel choices, and further both the direct and indirect impacts of the built environment on travel behavior.

A clear understanding on the impact of the built environment on travel behavior is crucial for land use and transport planning. However, previous land use-transport studies are largely constrained to a single individual in the household and a single long-term choice (i.e. residential location). The individual was commonly used as the unit of analysis, while both long-term location/mobility choices (residential location, work location and car ownership) and daily travel behaviors could be household level decisions. Besides, previous land use-transport research usually assumed the residential location as a decision that independent with the work location, while these two location choices may be associated with each other. Ignoring intra-household interactions in travel decisions and the interdependencies between different long-term choices would lead to an incomplete understanding on the land use-transport relationship. This thesis fills these research gaps by providing a new household perspective to rethink and reexamine the relationships among the built environment, travel attitudes, and travel behavior. It extends the"individual-based"analytical framework of land use-transport research to a broader"household-based"one. Specifically, this proposed analytical framework takes the household as the basic unit of analysis, and considers interactions among different household members as well as different long-term choices. This research challenges the underlying assumptions of existing land use-transport research, and has the potential to guide the research design and model specification of future travel behavior studies. Three empirical studies were conducted to examine the proposed household-based research framework. Data was derived from a household activity-travel diary survey in 2016 in Beijing, China. The results of empirical studies indicate that: Self-selection exists in different long-term choices, including residential location, work location, commuting distance and car ownership; Travel attitudes of different household members play different roles in self-selections regarding these long-term choices; The partner's travel attitudes affect an individual's long-term choices and travel behaviors simultaneously, thereby could be additional sources of the self-selection effect; The built environment has indirect impacts on the male head's travel behaviors through the female head's travel choices; Besides, residential location has indirect impacts on travel behavior though the work location choice, and vice versa. In general, this dissertation confirms the significance and necessity of investigating the impact of the built environment on travel behavior from a household-based perspective. Findings in this dissertation contribute to a better understanding on the process and mechanism of household members' long-term and short-term travel choices, and further both the direct and indirect impacts of the built environment on travel behavior.