Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1986.

Thesis (M.A. in human development)--Washington State University, May 2010. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 8, 2010). "Department of Human Development." Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-52).

Typescript, etc. / Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries

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No description available.

Medical ageism in the United States affects senior citizens' activities of daily living (ADL) and the quality of their medical care. Medical ageism refers to discrimination against, abuse of, stereotyping of, contempt for, and avoidance of older people. Nurses who take care of the elderly are responsible for ensuring that older patients are treated fairly and in a timely manner, so it is important to know whether or not nurses have any bias regarding the elderly. The research questions addressed in this quantitative study explored whether or not there were differences in nurses' perceptions of ageism as moderated by the nurses' own gender, ethnicity, age, or years of experience. This study used a researcher-developed demographic survey and the Age Based Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ-Age). The theoretical framework for this study included the theory of emotional labor. A quantitative, causal-comparative design was used to test the hypotheses. Sixty one nurses were purposively sampled via snowballing sampling. Analysis of variance was used to determine mean differences in ageism between the specified independent variables. Findings from this study revealed that caregivers with less than, or equal to, 5 years of nursing experience had significantly lower ageism scores than nurses with more than 5 years of experience. Gender, ethnicity, or age did not significantly affect ageism scores. This study may contribute to social change by determining how nurses can recognize their own potential fallibilities in the field of gerontology, thereby having the potential to promote positive health outcomes for the elderly.

African immigrant couples encounter postimmigration acculturative challenges that impact the foundation of their marriages. The purpose of this case study was to explore the postimmigration challenges that immigrant African couples face and how they manage with the acculturative challenges. The theoretical foundation that guided this study was Social Exchange Theory (SET). This study included interviews of 5 couples of African descent who were married in their home countries before migrating to the United States and who have lived for 5 years or more in Massachusetts. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. The HyperResearch Qualitative Analysis software was used to analyze the themes and categories (see Booth, Sundstrom, DeMaria, & Dempsey, 2018). From the data analysis, the following postimmigration acculturative challenges and experiences emerged: cultural differences, transitional challenges, communication, finance, couple conflicts, alteration of roles and responsibilities, and conflict resolution. The couples identified that differences in cultures, social norms, and structures between their native cultures and that of the new country contributed to their acculturative challenges. Further, participants indicated that role alterations between couples, such as women's autonomy and economic capacity, shifted the balance of power in couples who came from male-dominated cultures. The role changes fueled the majority of their relationship challenges partly because the men felt a loss of power and control in their relationships. This study leads to positive social change by showing the need for service providers to consider cultural context as they design programs for this immigrant population.

The definition of aide for this study was a non-certified person in the classroom who aids and assists the professional with non-related tasks. The present role of the teacher aide in Home Economics was described and suggested guidelines for future aide utilization were proposed. The study was conducted in three phases : 1) Personal Interviews were conducted of three teacher aides and two teachers presently employed in Utah. 2) Correspondence with fifty program directors or teachers using aides in other states. 3) Time-Activity analysis of 12 junior and senior high Home Economics teachers. Instruments used were: 1) A twelve item interview for teacher aides, and 2) A twenty-two item interview for teacher aides, 3) A fifty-two item questionnaire form was formulated by the writer. The findings of the thesis are: 1) It was found that teacher aides were not used extensively in Home Economics classes in Utah or throughout the United States. 2) No provision is made for educational training or a career ladder. 3) There is no role definition for the aide in the present program. 4) The aide program has received positive acceptance by the teachers, professional staff and students involved in the program. 5) Careful selection, open communication and role definition were suggested as determinents of successful programs.

The purposes of this paper are to provide a guid.e line for determining the budget for a Consumer and Homemaking foods program in the secondary schools of Utah, and to suggest some food buying procedures. In order to achieve these purposes, questionnaires were sent to the 167 ,junior and senior high schools in the state. Of the questionnaires returned, 99 were complete enough to be utilized for the study; 48 were from junior high schools and 51 from senior high schools. For analysis the schools were grouped according to whether they were a junior or senior high school and then into large, medium or small schools based on the total number of students in each school. From the information on the completed questionnaires, cost for one 36-weeks course in a foods program and the cost per student per hour for each school was determined. The averages were then found for each category. It was determined that except for the small junior high schools the cost per 36-weeks course appears to increase with a decrease in the size of the school. The figures indicate that there is an inverse relationship between the cost per student per hour and the population of the schools. Even though the larger schools have a greater total budget than the smaller schools, they offer more courses and serve more students which results in a lower cost per student per hour and fewer dollars involved in each 36-weeks course. It was also determined that the schools which purchased staple food supplies through the school district appeared to have lower costs per student per hour. The results indicated that it was not necessarily cheaper to purchase food at a large chain store as compared to a small local store. Allocating a budget on a total year basis seems to result in a lower total budget per year. The schools which operated on more money per student hour indicated a difference in their purchasing of food which included the higher priced meats and preparing more complete meals. It is suggested that teachers and administrators be aware of the quality of a foods program in relation to the costs of the program, and the budget allowed for the outcomes desired.

A distinct focus on female youth experiences in political contests has been lacking in the literature on youth and political violence despite many female youth’s involvement with armed groups. The first Palestinian Intifada (1987-1993) saw the participation of many female youth alongside both teenage boys and men. This is notable especially given the patriarchal culture of Palestinian society in that women and young girls are traditionally confined to the private sphere. Additionally, public interactions with men and young boys could be viewed as improper and threats to one’s honor and purity may ensue. In light of these facts, the purpose of this study is to investigate the experience of Palestinian female adolescents in zones of political conflict - specifically in the Gaza Strip during the First Intifada. More specifically, this study explores the relationship between socioeconomic status, religious, political and individual characteristics on differences in levels of female participation and activist behaviors. Data were collected via self-report survey in the Gaza Strip in 1998 from a sample of 960 youth, 375 of which were female. Models predicting political involvement are assessed through hierarchical linear regression analyses. Results indicated that socioeconomic status, age, efficacy, religiosity, and political affiliation predicted Palestinian female youth activism in the first Intifada. No interaction was found between religiosity, political affiliation, and activism. These findings are discussed in relation to the broader literature on civic and political engagement of youth as well as gender issues in orthodox Islamic societies.