Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of St Andrews, April 2010.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 1997. / Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science. Also available online.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2006. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from PDF file main screen (viewed on July 29, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Plant Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.) in Marine Bio-Resources--University of Maine, 2006. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-81).

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009. / Mode of access: Internet. Title from PDF title page; viewed on November 13, 2009. Major professor: Susan Hawk. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Agriculture, with specialization in Food Science and Nutrition." "October, 2009." Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-46).

The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 19, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Thyfault. Includes bibliographical references.

Οι ελαιογόνοι Ζυγομύκητες έχουν την ικανότητα να συσσωρεύουν σημαντικές ποσότητες λιπιδίων, πλουσίων σε πολυακόρεστα λιπαρά οξέα (PUFA) μεταβολίζοντας γλυκερόλη. Στο μυκήλιο όλων των στελεχών που μελετήθηκαν συσσωρεύτηκε μεγαλύτερη ποσότητα ουδέτερων λιπιδίων (NL) από ότι γλυκολιπιδίων, σφιγγολιπιδίων και φωσφολιπιδίων (P). Η βιοσύνθεση των P στους Mortierella ramanniana, Mucor sp. και Cunninghamella echinulata πραγματοποιήθηκε ενώ η διαδικασία συσσώρευσης των NL ήταν σε εξέλιξη. Η συγκέντρωση των PUFA μειώθηκε σε όλα τα λιπιδιακά κλάσματα του M. ramanniana κατά τη διάρκεια της αύξησης. Αντίθετα, στην περίπτωση του C. echinulata τόσο η συγκέντρωση του λινελαϊκού όσο και του γ- λινολενικού οξέος (GLA) αυξήθηκε με το χρόνο σε όλα τα κλάσματα, και κυρίως στο κλάσμα των P. Τα λιπίδια του Mucor sp. ήταν πλούσια σε ελαϊκό οξύ και GLA, ενώ τα Ρ του Thamnidium elegans παρόλο που ήταν πλούσια σε λινελαϊκό οξύ, αυτό δε μετατράπηκε σημαντικά σε GLA. Δεδομένου ότι η κύρια λειτουργία των PUFA στους Ζυγομύκητες σχετίζεται με τη συμμετοχή τους στις μυκηλιακές μεμβράνες θα μπορούσαμε να υποθέσουμε ότι η βιοσύνθεση αυτών των λιπαρών οξέων σχετίζεται άμεσα με τη μυκηλιακή αύξηση. Ωστόσο αυτό ισχύει μόνο για ορισμένες περιπτώσεις Ζυμομυκήτων όπως αυτή του M. ramanniana. Αντίθετα, υπό τις ίδιες πειραματικές συνθήκες, η βιοσύνθεση των PUFA στην περίπτωση του C. echinulata συνεχίζεται ακόμη και μετά την ολοκλήρωση της αύξησης, υποδεικνύοντας ότι σε αυτό το είδος η βιοσύνθεση δεν σχετίζεται άμεσα με την πρωτογενή αύξηση. / Oleaginous Zygomycetes have the ability to accumulate large amounts of lipids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that are of pharmaceutical and nutritional interest. In all investigated strains fungal mycelia contained higher amounts of neutral lipids (NL) than glycolipids plus sphingolipids (G+S) and phospholipids (P), while biosynthesis of P in Mortierella ramanniana, Mucor sp. and Cunninghamella echinulata occurred though NL accumulation process was in progress. PUFA concentration gradually decreased in all lipid fractions of M. ramanniana during growth. In contrast, in C. echinulata concentration of both linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid (GLA) strongly increased with time in all lipids, especially in P. Lipids of Mucor sp. were enriched in both oleic acid and GLA, while P of Thamnidium elegans were enriched in linoleic acid, but this fatty acid was not efficiently converted to GLA. Taking for granted that the main function of PUFA in Zygomycetes is associated to their participation in mycelial membranes we could suppose that biosynthesis of these fatty acids is strongly associated to mycelial growth. However, this is accurate only for some Zygomycetes, such as M. ramanniana. On the contrary, under the experimental conditions used in this work, PUFA biosynthesis in C. echinulata persists after growth cessation, suggesting that in this species biosynthesis is not a strictly growth-associated process.

Orientador: Fernando Sebastián Baldi Rey / Banca: Raysildo Barbosa Lobo / Banca: Danisio Prado Munari / Banca: Fabyano Fonseca e Silva / Banca: Humberto Tonhati / Resumo: Existem diferentes métodos e pseudo-fenótipos utilizados em predições genômicas, sendo necessário determinar o ideal para a característica de interesse. Os ácidos graxos da carne que contribuem de forma prejudicial para a saúde humana têm recebido considerável atenção nos últimos anos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a acurácia de predição genômica de diferentes métodos (SNP-BLUP, BayesC, BayesCπ e Bayesian Lasso) e pseudo-fenótipos (fenótipo ajustado para os efeitos fixos, valor genético estimado via pedigree e valor genético genômico obtido pelo método single step GBLUP) em dados simulados e reais de perfil de ácidos graxos no músculo Longissimus thoracis da raça Nelore terminados em confinamento. A proposta de inclusão do GEBV obtido pelo método passo único genômico BLUP (ssGBLUP) como pseudofenótipo nesta pesquisa é inédita em predição genômica, para responder um dos problemas frequentes ao utilizar a matriz advinda da informação genealógica, pela maioria dos produtores de gado de corte utilizarem o sistema de acasalamento que utiliza reprodutores multiplos. Foram utilizados cerca de 963 bovinos machos inteiros da raça Nelore terminados em confinamento e genotipados com um painel de 777.962 SNPs do Ilumina BovineSNP BeadChip. A informação genômica pode servir para melhorar o perfil de ácidos graxos em animais do grupo Zebu, por ter-se observado valores genômicos preditos com com acurácia de baixa a moderada magnitude. Nenhum dos métodos foi melhor para todos os ácidos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: There are different methods and pseudo-phenotypes used in genomic predictions, being necessary to determine the ideal for each trait of interest. Beef fatty acids that contribute to human health have received considerable attention in the last years. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate genomic predition accuracy of different methodologies (SNP-BLUP, BayesCπ, BayesC and Bayesian Lasso) pseudo-phenotypes (adjusted phenotype, estimated breeding value and genomic estimated breeding value by ssGBLUP) in simulated and real data of fatty acid profile in the Longissimus thoracis muscle of Nelore cattle finished in feedlot. The inclusion of the GEBV obtained by single step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) method as pseudo-phenotype in this research is innovator in genomic prediction, to answer one of the frequent problems when using the matrix derived from pedigree, by the mating system that uses multiple sires for many cattle breeders. A total of 963 Nelore bulls with phenotype for fatty acid profiles, were genotyped using the Illumina Bovine HD Bead Chip with 777,962 SNPs. Genomic information can assist in improving fatty acid profile in Zebu animals, since the use of genomic information yielded genomic values for fatty acid profile with accuracies ranging from low to moderate. None of the methods excelled in terms of accuracy, however the SNP-BLUP method allows obtaining less biased genomic evaluations. The ssGBLUP model is an appropriate alternative to obtaining more reliable and less biased GEBVs as pseudo-phenotypes in situations of missing pedigree, due to high proportion of multiple sires, being more appropriate than the EBVs or adjusted phenotypes for fixed effect to predict direct genomic values. / Doutor