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Inom marknadskommunikation har det genom åren blivit allt viktigare för företag att engagera sig i sociala frågor i syfte att bygga upp sitt varumärke (Dahlén, Lange & Rosengren2017). Genom samhällsutvecklingen har synen på könsstereotyper och ideal förändrats vilket har bidragit till att feministiska budskap inom reklam har tagit en väsentlig roll. Genomfeministisk manifestation kan varumärken uppmärksamma och förmedla budskap tillframförallt kvinnor och samtidigt bidra till en positiv och stärkande bild av varumärket (Windels, Champlin, Shelton, Sterbenk & Poteet 2019). Syftet med studien är att skapa kunskap om hur feministiska budskap används för att byggaett varumärke. För att besvara syftet har en tematisk analys med stöd av semiotisk analysundersökt bilder, reklamfilm och skriftlig kommunikation publicerade på Estrids egna kontrollerade kanaler. Studien har sin utgångspunkt i teorierna kulturell branding, kommodifierad feminism, femvertising samt semiotik och analyserar hur feministiska budskap kommer till uttryck i Estrids marknadskommunikation. Genom analysen framgår fyra huvudteman som ligger till grund för Estrids kommunikation i form av mångfald, bestäm över din egen kropp, utmana normerna och att sälja feminism. Dessa utgörande teman påvisaratt självständighet, självsäkerhet och befriande av kvinnans kropp är de huvudsakligafeministiska tecken som kommer till uttryck och som fäster betydelse till produkterna. De visar även att feministiska budskap används i syfte att bygga upp sin varumärkesidentitettillsammans med ett kommersiellt intresse, vilket är fördelaktigt för Estrid men kan vara problematiskt då det kan förminska feminismens kraft och betydelse. Studiens resultat visar att ett varumärke kan bygga sin identitet och skapa en plats på marknaden genom feministiska budskap som utmanar kulturellt skapade samhällsnormer. Estrid påvisar med användning av kommodifierad feminism i kombination med kulturell branding att deras kommunikation tar utgångspunkt i feministiska budskap som byggt deras varumärke och skapat en tydlig plats på marknaden. De tar ställning till kulturellt konstruerade samhällsnormer och har även ett bakomliggande kommersiellt intresse. Studien är skriven på svenska. / Over the years it has become increasingly important for companies regarding marketing communication to get involved in social issues in order to build their brand (Dahlén, Lange &Rosengren 2017). Due to changes in society, the view of gender stereotypes and body norms has changed which have contributed to the fact that feminist messages in advertising have taken on a significant role. Through feminist manifestation, brands can draw attention to and present messages to particularly women, and at the same time contribute to a positive and strengthening image of the brand (Windels, Champlin, Shelton, Sterbenk & Poteet 2019).The purpose of the study is to gain knowledge about how feminism in marketing communication is used to build a brand. To answer the purpose, a thematic analysis based on a semiotic analysis has been used to examine images, commercials and texts published on Estrid's own controlled marketing channels. The study is based on the theories of cultural branding, commodified feminism, femvertising and semiotics which support the analysis of how feminist messages are expressed in Estrid's marketing communication. In the analysis four main themes appear in Estrid's communication which are diversity, determined over your own body, challenging the norms and selling feminism. These defining themes reveal that independence, self-confidence and the liberation of the woman's body are the main feminist signs that are expressed and attached to the products. They also indicate that feminist messages are used in order to build their brand identity together with a commercial interest, which is beneficial for Estrid but can be problematic as it can diminish the power and significance of feminism. The results of the study show that a brand can build its identity and create a market position through feminist messages that challenge culturally created societal norms. Estrid demonstrates that their communication is based on feminist messages by using commodified feminism in combination with cultural branding, which have helped built their brand and create a distinct market position. Through their marketing communication they engage in culturally constructed societal norms while having an underlying commercial interest. The study is written in Swedish.

This thesis explores the limited economic, professional, and political opportunities for women in the Victorian era and how these roles are perpetuated through literature. Often, the lack of opportunities confined women to two choices: the angel or the monster. While there has been significant research on this binary, Virginia Woolf’s cry to “kill the angel of the house” has not been rectified. To discuss the binary, I have analyzed Mary Elizabeth Braddon’s Lady Audley’s Secret and Charlotte Perkins Gilman “The Yellow Wallpaper” to discuss how these female writers reflect their authorial anxieties through Gothic tropes and a close identification with their heroines. Additionally, I have analyzed Thomas Hardy’s Tess of D’Urbervilles and Stephen Crane’s Maggie: A Girl of the Streets to discuss how these male authors take a naturalistic approach to critique the fallen woman trope. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (MA)--Florida Atlantic University, 2021. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

This thesis examines the representation of the Polytechnique massacre in Canadian theatre. Utilizing a corpus of four Canadian plays, this study analyzes how trauma, feminism and commemoration intertwine in theatrical representations of this event. The findings demonstrate that the ways in which we represent the Polytechnique massacre are not neutral. They underscore our understandings and our beliefs relative to this event. In particular, this study demonstrates that in these plays, male characters talk more often and for longer than female characters. In addition, it analyzes how the recurrent topic of the “crisis of masculinity” is portrayed within this corpus. This study aims to participate in the constant reinterpretation of history, in order to question the narratives that have been passed down to us about the Polytechnique Massacre. / Graduate

As a reaction to the demand for women’s suffrage and equal rights in the late-1800s, American antifeminism emerged. In the article by Janet Saltzman Chafetz and Anthony Gary Dworkin, “In the Face of Threat: Organized Antifeminism in Comparative Perspective,” the authors concluded that the growth of a countermovement is contingent upon the success and size of the movement it opposes.1 This conclusion is applied to the actions, counter-actions and subsequent growth of both antifeminism and feminism. However, as feminism succeeds with small advancements in equality, antifeminism escalates its oppositional strength by creating accusations against women, using labels based on gender stereotypes and initiatives that incite divisive discourse in the pursuit of equal rights for all human beings. Graphic design is a catalyst for both antifeminism and feminism visual language. To find inspiration for my exhibition, I examined one-hundred years of design used by both movements. Based by my research, the exhibition, “5th Wave: The Fault of Women,” navigates through the growth and history of antifeminism and visually examines antifeminist labels and initiatives and the culmination of these techniques used during the fifth wave of antifeminism. The exhibition, “5th Wave: The Fault of Women,” exposes and challenges the efforts of the fifth wave of antifeminism in an effort to evoke an understanding of the importance of feminism’s fight for equality and the betterment of all human beings. Using research and design to expose antifeminism’s growing labels and initiative, feminism can combat the techniques used to punish those who challenge patriarchy and heteronormativity. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.F.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2020. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

About 30 million women in the U.S. are estimated to be victims of sex crimes in their lifetimes. However, sex crimes, especially those committed against immigrants are the least reported crime in the country. Some sex crime victims say the fear of media criticism discourages them from reporting the crime. in May 2011, an African maid working at a New York hotel accused Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the former director of the International Monetary Fund, of sexually assaulting her. This qualitative content analysis examined the coverage of the DSK case, by three leading international newspapers: the New York Times, the Guardian and Le Monde. Findings suggest that Strauss-Kahn received more favorable coverage than Diallo. Frames identified in the coverage include the importance of status/prominence, race, culture differences, victim-blaming, male privilege, socioeconomic differences and focus on appearance. the study recommends that news organizations avoid judgmental coverage of sex crimes and consider identifying victims by allowing them to tell their side of the story.

Feminism is an important concept in contemporary sociology that has affected many disciplines. Without feminism, our world today would be different. Out of feminism's history in various countries, the history of feminism in China is undoubtedly one of the most unique and most tortuous. As one of the countries with the highest level of gender equality in the Mao era to women's deteriorating rights today, China's feminism has undergone a unique development. China has the largest population in the world, and its level of gender equality has a profound impact on the world's overall situation. After the failure of the national feminists who obey the government, in recent years, new feminists have begun to speak out in China. They express their needs differently from their predecessors and try to influence national policies. This article analyses the process of the Chinese feminist movement from a historical perspective and judges the reasons for the emergence of a new generation of feminists and their needs, as well as proposing possible paths and obstacles to promote equality between men and women in China. In the current situation, the attitude of the Chinese government will still determine the success of feminism. Keywords: Feminism, China, Intersectionality, Gender, Confucianism

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This thesis examines the motivations behind the advocates and detractors of the Indianapolis Anti-Pornography Ordinance of 1984. It will examine how and why Indianapolis Conservatives, who opposed pornography due to its perceived moral implications, joined forces with a radical feminist to create an ordinance outlawing pornography that utilized the radical feminist argument of pornography’s potential violence. It will explain the national divide between radical and liberal feminists on the issue of pornography and how this is reflected on a local scale through the methods of Indianapolis feminists to contend with violence against women. Through interviews with those associated with the ordinance, it will broaden the understanding of the sides in the debate and how the ordinance was defeated. This thesis will also demonstrate that while the ordinance ultimately failed to be enforced after being signed into law by Mayor Hudnut, it marked a significant moment in not only Indianapolis but the Nation’s history and helped change the course of the pornography debate.

Bibliography: pages 102-112. / This dissertation locates Olive Schreiner as a nineteenth-century colonial woman writer who challenges the traditional association of men with culture, and women with nature. In Schreiner's writing the oppression of women is situated within an understanding of the social construction of "woman" as closer to nature than man. Through the lives of her central female characters, Schreiner shows how this definition of "woman" works to position women as "other" to culture, both preventing their access to public power and marginalising their fully social activities within culture. Schreiner attempts to displace definitions of culture constituted through a system of binary oppositions which inevitably privilege masculinity as opposed to femininity by redefining culture in three distinct ways. The patriarchal conception culture as the sole preserve of men is rejected in Schreiner's demands for women's educational and legal equality, and for their right to economic independence. Conventional notions of culture are equally refused in Schreiner's stress on women's traditional domestic labour as essential to the very emergence and continuation of culture. Finally, the deconstruction of sexual difference as a fixed immutable category within Schreiner's writing exposes the definition of "woman" as socially constructed and legitimated. The contradictions and tensions within and between these demands illustrate the limits of Schreiner's feminist and socialist politics, and point to how her writing both challenges and articulates aspects of dominant nineteenth-century ideology. At the same time, such contradictions were vitally important in motivating Schreiner's on-going attempt to change radically the position of women within culture. Moreover, the co-existence of apparently conflicting demands within Schreiner's redefinition of culture suggests the terms of a resolution of the perennial problem within feminist discourse around competing claims for women's equality or for a recognition of their difference.