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11	Developing a 2D Forest Fire Spread Simulation for Enhanced Decision-Making During Catastrophes in Sweden Gauffin Dahlin, David January 2024 (has links) This thesis presents the development and evaluation of a 2D simulation model designed to predict the spread and behavior of forest fires, with a specific focus on Swedish forest ecosystems. Despite the model's simplicity and inherent limitations due to assumptions such as homogeneity in fuel distribution and the exclusion of topographical influences, the simulations yield remarkably accurate predictions of fire spread and intensity. The model integrates basic meteorological data (wind speed and direction, temperature) and uses a discretized spatial approach to simulate the dynamics of forest fires. Initial results suggest that even with minimal input variables and broad assumptions, the model offers significant predictive capabilities, highlighting potential areas for future refinement. Key aspects such as the interaction between conduction and advection terms, the role of water vaporization in fire dynamics, and the influence of wind on fire propagation are discussed. The findings encourage further development of the model, aiming at incorporating more complex variables such as topography and more forest fuels, potentially enhancing its utility in real-time fire management and decision-making processes. Forest Fire Simulation 2D Fire Spread Model Heat Transfer in Forest Fires Cellular Automata Wildfire Behavior Meteorological Data in Fire Modeling Fire Dynamics Fire Management Decision-Making Forest Ecosystems Sweden Wildfire Study Computational Fire Models Advection and Conduction in Fires Water Vaporization in Wildfires Fire Induced Weather Patterns Fire Spread Prediction Real-time Fire Management Environmental Impact of Forest Fires Empirical Data for Fire Simulation Firefighter Interventions Stochastic Wind Modeling Mathematics Matematik
12	Multi-hazard analysis of steel structures subjected to fire following earthquake Covi, Patrick 30 July 2021 (has links) Fires following earthquake (FFE) have historically produced enormous post-earthquake damage and losses in terms of lives, buildings and economic costs, like the San Francisco earthquake (1906), the Kobe earthquake (1995), the Turkey earthquake (2011), the Tohoku earthquake (2011) and the Christchurch earthquakes (2011). The structural fire performance can worsen significantly because the fire acts on a structure damaged by the seismic event. On these premises, the purpose of this work is the investigation of the experimental and numerical response of structural and non-structural components of steel structures subjected to fire following earthquake (FFE) to increase the knowledge and provide a robust framework for hybrid fire testing and hybrid fire following earthquake testing. A partitioned algorithm to test a real case study with substructuring techniques was developed. The framework is developed in MATLAB and it is also based on the implementation of nonlinear finite elements to model the effects of earthquake forces and post-earthquake effects such as fire and thermal loads on structures. These elements should be able to capture geometrical and mechanical non-linearities to deal with large displacements. Two numerical validation procedures of the partitioned algorithm simulating two virtual hybrid fire testing and one virtual hybrid seismic testing were carried out. Two sets of experimental tests in two different laboratories were performed to provide valuable data for the calibration and comparison of numerical finite element case studies reproducing the conditions used in the tests. Another goal of this thesis is to develop a fire following earthquake numerical framework based on a modified version of the OpenSees software and several scripts developed in MATLAB to perform probabilistic analyses of structures subjected to FFE. A new material class, namely SteelFFEThermal, was implemented to simulate the steel behaviour subjected to FFE events. fire following earthquake hybrid testing multi-hazard FFE concentrically braced steel frame experimental test EQUFIRE BAM JRC ELSA joint research centre opensee hybrid fire simulation hybrid earthquake simulation hybrid seismic simulation dynamic relaxation component-mode synthesi partitioned time integration steel structure large-scale test pseudodynamic testing sub-structuring SERA decision tree algorithm probabilistic framework eurocode steelFFEThermal safir thermal analysi fire earthquake

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Developing a 2D Forest Fire Spread Simulation for Enhanced Decision-Making During Catastrophes in Sweden

Multi-hazard analysis of steel structures subjected to fire following earthquake