Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-03T22:56:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoWaylandTorresSilva_TESE.pdf: 3255016 bytes, checksum: 1c9f68f3968c7c1bdbdc4119bde6f919 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-05T20:16:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoWaylandTorresSilva_TESE.pdf: 3255016 bytes, checksum: 1c9f68f3968c7c1bdbdc4119bde6f919 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-05T20:16:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoWaylandTorresSilva_TESE.pdf: 3255016 bytes, checksum: 1c9f68f3968c7c1bdbdc4119bde6f919 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-19 / Os centros de lan?amento e rastreio t?m por finalidade realizar atividades cient?ficas e comerciais com ve?culos aeroespaciais. Os Sistemas de Rastreio de Foguetes (SRF) integram a infraestrutura desses centros, sendo respons?veis pela coleta e processamento dos dados da trajet?ria dos ve?culos. Os sensores dos SRFs normalmente s?o Radares com Refletores Parab?licos (RRPs), mas tamb?m ? poss?vel usar radares com arranjos de antenas, chamados de Arranjos de Varredura (AVs), originando os Radares com Arranjos de Varredura (RAVs). Nos AVs, o sinal de alimenta??o de cada elemento radiante do arranjo pode ser ajustado para fazer o controle eletr?nico do diagrama de radia??o, a fim de aumentar as funcionalidades e reduzir as manuten??es do sistema. Com isso, nos projetos de implanta??o e reutiliza??o de RAVs, a modelagem est? sujeita a v?rias combina??es de sinais de alimenta??o, produzindo um problema de otimiza??o complexo, devido ao grande n?mero de solu??es dispon?veis. Para solucionar tal problema, ? poss?vel usar m?todos de otimiza??o off-line, tais como Algoritmos Gen?ticos (AGs), cujas solu??es calculadas s?o armazenadas para aplica??es on-line. Nesse contexto, o m?todo do Algoritmo Gen?tico com Crossover M?ximo-M?nimo (Genetic Algorithm with Maximum-Minimum Crossover - GAMMC) foi usado para desenvolver o algoritmo GAMMC-P, que otimiza a etapa de modelagem do controle do diagrama de radia??o de AVs planares. Comparado a um AG com recombina??o convencional, o GAMMC tem uma abordagem diferente, pois realiza a recombina??o de indiv?duos mais aptos com indiv?duos menos aptos, para aumentar a diversidade gen?tica da popula??o, evitando a converg?ncia prematura, aumentando o fitness e reduzindo o tempo de processamento. Assim, o GAMMC-P utiliza um algoritmo reconfigur?vel, com m?ltiplos objetivos, codifica??o real diferenciada e o operador gen?tico MMC, tendo atingido com sucesso os requisitos propostos para diferentes condi??es de opera??o de um RAV planar. / Launching centers are designed for scientific and commercial activities with aerospace vehicles. Rockets Tracking Systems (RTS) are part of the infrastructure of these centers and they are responsible for collecting and processing the data trajectory of vehicles. Generally, Parabolic Reflector Radars (PRRs) are used in RTS. However, it is possible to use radars with antenna arrays, or Phased Arrays (PAs), so called Phased Arrays Radars (PARs). Thus, the excitation signal of each radiating element of the array can be adjusted to perform electronic control of the radiation pattern in order to improve functionality and maintenance of the system. Therefore, in the implementation and reuse projects of PARs, modeling is subject to various combinations of excitation signals, producing a complex optimization problem due to the large number of available solutions. In this case, it is possible to use offline optimization methods, such as Genetic Algorithms (GAs), to calculate the problem solutions, which are stored for online applications. Hence, the Genetic Algorithm with Maximum-Minimum Crossover (GAMMC) optimization method was used to develop the GAMMC-P algorithm that optimizes the modeling step of radiation pattern control from planar PAs. Compared with a conventional crossover GA, the GAMMC has a different approach from the conventional one, because it performs the crossover of the fittest individuals with the least fit individuals in order to enhance the genetic diversity. Thus, the GAMMC prevents premature convergence, increases population fitness and reduces the processing time. Therefore, the GAMMC-P uses a reconfigurable algorithm with multiple objectives, different coding and genetic operator MMC. The test results show that GAMMC-P reached the proposed requirements for different operating conditions of a planar RAV.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiane Morais Borges.pdf: 3503545 bytes, checksum: 7297b721aeaa0cb975f5cbd2df5be8ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis has arisen from the complex Internet networks intending to build up new Space paradigms based on practices of free software and hardware and open source systems, as they appeared, roughly, since the turn of the century. In order to examine these new paradigms, I consider prior processes connected to the Space Culture. The text goes back to the history of the Space Race; the first rockets, the first satellites, some tenets of the international politics that guided the cold war in the years after the Second World War. I bring up interesting elements of the Space programs both of the US and the USSR, as well as the main technicians and scientists behind the engineering of the rockets. The research dives in the rockets of Nazi Germany who first invested in the production of rockets, goes to communist Russia as well as to liberal post-war America. The thesis brings up ideas concerning Space utopias, science fiction in literature and cinema and engages with the difference between Space exploration taken up by humans and by robots. It examines the first rocket flights and the first artificial satellites placed in outer Space, paying attention to the particulars of each of those first endeavors, to their purpose and to how much they accomplished their mission. The thesis is therefore ready to question the importance of the Space Race to human imagination and to analyse the realm of Space dreams from the late 19th century up to now. The last part of the thesis is concerned with the groups that are building Space travels in an independent way, moved either by ideological or by commercial reasons. The investigation uncovers the ideas of each of those groups concerning Space exploration. It then goes on to think the relation between the makers of such exploration and a possible industrial revolution. Finally, the thesis raises some criticisms to the creative processes of individuals, groups, networks and social movements that are concerned with the outer Space / Essa tese surge a partir das complexas redes de internet voltadas à construção de novos paradigmas espaciais, baseadas em práticas de software e hardware livre e sistemas open source que surgiram, a grosso modo, a partir dos anos 2000. Mas para chegar nesse ponto foi preciso investigar processos anteriores em relação à Cultura Espacial. O texto retoma a história da Corrida Espacial, os primeiros foguetes, os primeiros satélites, a política que estava em voga durante os anos da Guerra Fria pós II Guerra Mundial. Ela tenta levantar os pontos de tensão dos programas espaciais da União Soviética e dos Estados Unidos, assim como dos principais técnicos que estavam por traz de toda a engenharia de foguetes. Vai mergulhar na Alemanha Nazista que foi a primeira a investir irrestritamente na produção de foguetes, passeia pela Russia comunista e o liberalismo americano. A tese traz à tona ideias sobre utopias espaciais, ficção científica na literatura e no cinema, e analisa a diferença entre exploração espacial humana e robótica. Traz tabelas dos primeiros vôos espaciais e os primeiros satélites levados ao Espaço, atentando para as particularidades de cada um deles, para que serviam e que fim levaram. Levanta questionamentos sobre a importância da Corrida Espacial para a imaginação humana e analisa o arco dos sonhos espaciais desde o final do século XIX até os dias atuais. O final da tese é dedicada aos grupos que estão retomando a questão das viagens espaciais de forma independente, sejam grupos ideológicos ou mais empresariais e as ideias de cada um a respeito da exploração espacial. Pensa a relação dos makers com uma possível revolução industrial e levanta algumas críticas aos processos criativos de indivíduos, grupos, redes e movimentos sociais que se dedicam ao espaço