CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / With developing of forensic observations, certain species of insects and microorganisms were described as indicators of periods of the degradation of the body. However, the literature is still scarce in the field of Forensic Mycology. It was investigated the microbiological characteristics of fungi presence in the post mortem change, as well as, it esteemed the value of the mycology exams in the study. 400 collections was accomplished in 60 human bodies (34 of the bloated stage, 06 of the putrefaction stage and 20 of the skeletonization stage) at the Fortaleza city morgue and public cemeteries in the state of CearÃ, The picked material was analyzed through macro/microcharacteristics and specific biochemical tests. Ally to such analyses, was also accomplished the test of the perforation of the hair in vitro in hair of corpses in the bloated stage and in hair of healthy adults. The material gathered was analyzed at the Specialized Medical Mycology Center of the Federal University of CearÃ. With the anthropological results, it was observed that male, in the interval of the 31 to the 40 years, was more commonly attacked, being the capital (Fortaleza) the more involved in the number of deaths. In the bloated stage, among the identified filamentous fungi, the presence of four orders was observed: Order Eurotiales (63 isolated Aspergillus spp and 21 isolated Penicillium spp), Order Mucorales (4 Mucor spp), Order Hypocreales (2 Acremonium spp, 1 Trichoderma spp and 1 Fusarium spp) and Order Saccharomycetales (2 Geotrichum spp). In the yeast distribution, it was observed the orders:Saccharomycetales (44 Candida spp) and Tremellales (5 Trichosporon spp). In the putrefaction stage, it was isolated the following orders: Eurotiales (Penicillium spp 2 and Aspergillus 2) and Hypocreales 1 (Acremonium spp). Regarding the yeasts, it was just isolated the Order Saccharomycetales (Candida spp 3). In the eskeletonization stage, the following orders were observed: Order Eurotiales (Aspergillus spp 22 and Penicillium spp 18), Order Mucorales (Mucor spp 10) and Order Hypocreales (Acremonium spp 2 and Trichoderma spp 1). Regarding the yeasts, two orders were found: Tremellales (Trichosporon spp 1) and Saccharomycetales (Candida spp 1). In the hair perforation test in vitro, it was positive in the bloated stage, differing of healthy adults,where the test was negative. For conclusion, Forensic Micology is still a rich field in data and fungi can come to be a tool in the aid of human post mortem diagnosis. / Com o evoluir das observaÃÃes mÃdico-legais, determinadas espÃcies de insetos e microrganismos foram descritos como indicadores de perÃodos da degradaÃÃo do corpo. Entretanto, a literatura cientÃfica ainda à escassa no campo da Micologia Forense. Assim, investigaram-se as caracterÃsticas microbiolÃgicas dos fungos partÃcipes na mudanÃa de flora post mortem em humanos, bem como estimou-se o valor da realizaÃÃo de exames micolÃgicos no estudo cronotanatolÃgico. Foram realizadas um total de 400 coletas em 60 corpos humanos (34 do perÃodo gasoso, 06 do coliquativo e 20 do esqueletizado) examinados no Instituto MÃdico-Legal de Fortaleza e em cemitÃrios do Estado do CearÃ. Foram realizados estudos macro/micromorfÃlogicos e testes bioquÃmicos especÃficos para cada grupamento fÃngico isolado. Aliado a tais anÃlises, foi tambÃm realizado o teste da perfuraÃÃo do pÃlo in vitro em pÃlos de cadÃveres no perÃodo gasoso e em pÃlos de adultos hÃgidos. Estas identificaÃÃes foram realizadas no Centro Especializado em Micologia MÃdica da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. Com os resultados antropolÃgicos, foi observado que o sexo masculino, dos 31 aos 40 anos, foi o mais comumente acometido, sendo a capital (Fortaleza) a mais envolvida no nÃmero de mortes. No perÃodo gasoso, dentre os fungos filamentosos identificados, foi observada a presenÃa de quatro ordens: Eurotiales (63 isolados de Aspergillus spp e 21 de Penicillium spp), Mucorales (4 Mucor spp) e Hypocreales (2 Acremonium spp, 1 Trichoderma spp e 1 Fusarium spp) e Saccharomycetales (2 Geotrichum spp). No referente Ãs leveduras, verificaram-se as ordens: Saccharomycetales (Candida spp 44) e Tremellales (Trichosporon spp 5). No perÃodo coliquativo, registraram-se as ordens: Eurotiales (Penicillium spp 2 e Aspergillus 2) e Hypocreales 1 (Acremonium spp). No referente Ãs leveduras, isolou-se apenas a Ordem Saccharomycetales (Candida spp 3). No perÃodo de esqueletizaÃÃo, verificaram-se as seguintes ordens: Eurotiales (Aspergillus spp 22 e Penicillium spp 18), Mucorales (Mucor spp 10) e Hypocreales (Acremonium spp 2 e Trichoderma spp 1). No referente Ãs leveduras, registraram-se duas ordens: Tremellales (Trichosporon spp 1) e Saccharomycetales (Candida spp 1). Quanto ao teste de perfuraÃÃo do pÃlo in vitro, a positividade foi observada no perÃodo gasoso, diferindo de adultos hÃgidos, em que foi negativa. Conclui-se que o estudo da Micologia Forense ainda à um campo rico em dados e que os fungos poderÃo vir a ser uma ferramenta complementar no estudo do tempo de morte em Medicina Legal.