For many resource-based communities throughout Oregon the timber industry plays an important role. In many of these areas, federal land holdings comprise a large proportion of the area's land holdings. Management decisions regarding resource use on the National Forest lands can have a major influence on the stability of local timber industries and on the communities of which they are a part. Input-output analysis has been used extensively to evaluate the importance of the timber industry to relatively small resource-dependent communities. In the past, the conventional input-output demand model has been used to assess the local impacts of changes in the availability of public timber resources. However, an analysis which interprets a change in primary resource supply as a change in final demand for the processing industry's output may incorrectly evaluate the impacts of shifts in primary resource supply on the local economy. The regional economic impacts resulting from a change in available primary inputs can be estimated more accurately using a modified approach to the conventional method of demand-pull analysis. Because of the network of forward linkages present within the regional economy, a change in primary inputs available to one sector may have a direct or indirect affect on all other sectors of the local economy. These supply-induced impacts on total sales can be calculated using an input-output supply model. The resulting change in total sales can be factored into two components--sales to local industries and sales to final demand. Regional impacts resulting from the first component can be calculated directly from the supply model. A modified version of the input-output demand model can be used to estimate the regional impacts associated with the supply-induced change in the value of local industry exports. This study identifies and evaluates the forward linkage structure present in small resource-based economies. The conventional input-output demand model is modified so that the local impacts of changes in primary resource supply can be evaluated vis-a-vis these structural relationships. A comparative economic impact analysis of three eastern Oregon counties is conducted using the modified input-output methodology. The results obtained using this procedure are compared to results obtained using the conventional method of analysis where changes in primary resource supply are extrapolated to reflect changes in final demand. In each county, estimates of regional impacts obtained using the modified input-output methodology differed from those calculated using the traditional form of analysis. The difference between the estimates was most significant in Morrow County where a relatively larger percentage of output in the wood products industry is sold locally. The demand-induced impacts in each county were considerably larger than the supply-induced changes. Although the initial shock to the system is supply-induced, the backward linkage structure plays a significant role in determining the overall impact of the stimulus on regional and sectoral output. The supply model is able to account for the direct and indirect impacts on regional sales transactions caused by a change in available primary inputs. The input-output demand model, by itself, is unable to account for these transactions. Because the modified input-output methodology provides a means by which changes in scarce primary factor supply can be apportioned into supply and demand related components, a better understanding of the regional economic impacts associated with changes in the availability of public timber can be obtained. / Graduation date: 1982

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 293-308).

Thesis (M.A.) - Simon Fraser University, 2005. / Theses (Dept. of Geography) / Simon Fraser University. Also issued in digital format and available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 82 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48).

Inaug.-diss.--Erlangen. / Lebenslauf. "Verzeichnis der benützten literatur": p. v-vi.

Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2001. / Appendix includes reprints of five papers and manuscripts, four co-authored with others. Includes bibliographical references. Also partially issued electronically via World Wide Web in PDF format; online version lacks appendix

Thesis (M. Sc.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Biology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-164). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71590.

Thesis (M.E.S.)--The Evergreen State College, 2008. / Title from title screen (viewed 2/25/2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-23).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2002. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-128). Also available on the World Wide Web.

This dissertation is about an important area in the discipline of architectural conservation, and it is cultural Landscape, defined as the combination of built and natural heritage resources. The understanding of the concept of “cultural landscape” is relatively new to Hong Kong, having been formally introduced by Dr. Ken Nicolson in 2002 as part of the syllabus of the postgraduate curriculum of HKU’s Architectural Conservation Programmes (ACP). Today, the people of Hong Kong are more aware of cultural landscape, and the term now appears in government documents. However, the concept has been with Hong Kong for a long time, expressed in the principles of fung shui. Many of Hong Kong’s cultural landscapes are influenced by fung shui and a common feature is fung shui woodland, which will be the focus of this dissertation. Fung shui is a belief system and a traditional form of landscape planning, and villages in Hong Kong and their woodlands are sited according to the principles of fung shui. The purpose of fung shui is clearly described in Yoon (1980). He stated that the aim of Fung Shui, is to maximize the wellbeing of human by maintaining the harmony between human and the nature. It is believed that all matter on the earth; both living and non-living things carry Qi or cosmic breath, which are responsible for ensuring posterity and vitality. Either insufficient or excessive Qi would result in decline and misfortune. In “Venturing Fung Shui Woods (2004)”, it is mentioned that some of the oldest fung shui woodlands in Hong Kong date back to more than 300 years. Fung shui woodland is an important element of rural Hong Kong cultural landscapes representing our traditional belief system and high cultural significance. The author also describes fung shui woodlands as like a living herbarium or plant museum, offering valuable resources for both academic research and nature conservation. A review of the recent literature on fung shui woodland, in Fung Shui View (2012), the authors explain the value of the fung shui woodland is not only in terms of ecological, but also social. From the above publication, it is clear that the fung shui woodland is one of the important cultural landscape elements in Hong Kong, which illustrates our tradition cultural beliefs and the important value of original village settlements. / published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation