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Exercise-induced muscle soreness and damage have been investigated for almost a century, and yet it appears that there is little that can be done to avoid these consequences of over-exertion, except train on a regular basis. It is likely that freeradicals are involved at a number of stages in the muscle damage process, and therefore the provision of appropriate antioxidants may theoretically offer some protection. One such antioxidant is vitamin C, although the literature available in support of this notion is scarce. The aim of these studies, therefore, was to assess whether different nutritional interventions using vitamin C would offer any benefit to exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness. In the past, investigators have often used exercise protocols designed to maximise the extent of injury. The studies reported in this thesis, however, used an exercise protocol (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test: LIST) based on the multiple-sprint sports (e.g. football). Participation in such sports is very high, although frequently on an irregular basis, and therefore exercise of this nature may have the capacity to cause muscle damage and soreness. The LIST provided a suitable exercise model, and in different studies led to increases in soreness, markers of muscle damage, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation. It also led to poorer muscle function up to 72 h after exercise in some muscle groups. Short-term supplementation with vitamin C 2 hours before exercise successfully increased plasma and cellular concentrations, although failed to have any beneficial outcomes in terms of muscle damage or soreness. Supplementation in the hours and days (up to three days) after exercise also produced no beneficial effects, and it may be that supplementation occurred at an inappropriate time. Prolonged supplementation with vitamin C proved more promising (14 days), and was associated with reduced plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, there were modest benefits to certain' aspects of muscle soreness and function, although these were not always statistically significant. However, tliere was no effect on circulating markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase and myoglobin). These findings suggest that the regular ingestion of vitamin C may be associated with some favourable changes following damaging exercise. However, the consumption of large amounts of vitamin C immediately before or after exercise offer no appreciable benefits, despite large changes in plasma concentrations of this vitamin.

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<p><strong>Apstrakt je obrađen tehnologijama za optičko prepoznavanje teksta (OCR).</strong></p><p>Ispitana je antioksidativna aktivnost različito pripremljenih napitaka i fermentativnih tečnosti od čajne gljive, i to prvenstveno praćenjem sposobnosti transformacije i stabilizacije reaktivnih hidroksi-radikala i redukcije stabilnih 1,1-difeniI- 2-pikriIhidraziI (DPPH) radikala. Određeni su i neki od metabolita kombuhe koji deluju kao antioksidanti (vitamini B₂ i C), kao i organske kiseline koje stabilizuju napitak od čajne gljive. Osnovne analitičke tehnike kori&scaron;ćene u radu bile su ESR, HPLC, TLC, spektrofotometrija proizvoda enzimskih reakcija i volumetrija.</p> / <p><strong>Abstract was processed by technology for Optical character recognition (OCR).</strong></p><p>The antioxidant activity of differently prepared beverages and fermentative liquids of tea fungus was examined, primarily by following of ability for transformation and stabilization of reactive hydroxyl-radicals and reduction of stable 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Some of the metabolites of kombucha that act as antioxidants (vitamins B2 and C) and organic acids that stabilize tea fungus beverage were determined. The primary used analytical techniques were ESR, HPLC, TLC, spectrophotometry of products of enzymatic reactions and voIumetry.</p><p>&nbsp;</p>