[In recent years there has been increased scholarly interest in the French poet Maurice Sceve (ca. 1500-1560) and especially in his Delie, object de plus haulte vertu, a love sequence of 449 dizains. In this study we have chosen to draw attention to Sceve's motto "SOVFFRIR NON SOVFFRIR," which until now has seldom been the focus of research. Sceve, instead of signing his full name in the Delie and his other major works, employed at least three different mottoes to identify himself. The poet, known for his careful and precise choice of words, must have given some thought to the motto which appears at the beginning and conclusion of editions known to have been published during his lifetime.]

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis--Lausanne. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [251]-264).

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Paris Sorbonne, 1911. / Reprint. Originally published: Paris : Librairie Ancienne Honoré Champion, 1911. Includes bibliographical references (p. [469]-500) and index.

The thesis argues that a certain 'locus' of poetry is perceptible diachronically in the French literary field of the 20^th Century and that this locus (elusive, fragmented, multilayered) may be meaningfully focused upon via the interaction of the questionings centered around the terms 'speech' and 'utopia'. In the introduction an argument is made for the conceptual validity of the term 'utopia' in relation to the diverse literary practices accruing around the pole of the 'poetic', which results in the derivation of the idea of a Utopian dynamic - a vectoral addition to the conventionally static, figure-bound 'utopia'. Concentrating on three poets (Victor Segalen, René Daumal and Yves Bonnefoy) from three distinct generations and periods (pre-WWI, inter-War and post-WWII) which are standardly represented as discontinuous, the thesis proposes an analysis, ordered along three canonical sub-divisions of the Utopian preoccupation (which are three distinct modalities of Utopian space), of the Utopian dynamic argued to be characteristic of the work of poetic writing. The three parts of the thesis thus examine the 'poetic' as occurring within social space (lieu commun), physical space (haut lieu) and textual space (non lieu) over the combined duration of the corpus. Arguing for an intelligible continuity of preoccupation among the three poetic oeuvres discussed, the thesis concludes that that continuity enables, in return, a modification of our understanding of the Utopian, of which a lucid practice of poetic writing can thus become the embodiment. Utopia, from being a synonym for illusionment in a century at all times supremely alive to the need for irony, becomes a creative embrace of disenchantment. The point of resolution (poetic foundation) at each stage in the individual oeuvres analysed being the ongoing representation of the 'human' as inner and outer limit to the poetic subject's practice and to the aspiration from which it moves.

This dissertation, focusing on the Vers de circonstance, takes issue with traditional views on Stéphane Mallarmé's aesthetics and his positioning on the relation of art to society. Whereas Mallarmé has often been branded as an ivory-tower poet, invested solely in abstract ideals and removed from the masses, my research demonstrates his interest in concrete essences and the small events of the everyday. As such, the Vers de circonstance offer an exemplary entry point to understanding these poetic preoccupations as the poems of this collection are both characterized by their materiality and their celebration of ordinary festivities. Indeed, most of the poems either accompany or are directly written on objects that were offered as gifts on such occasions as birthdays, anniversaries or seasonal holidays. The omnipresence of objects and dates that can be referred back to real events displays Mallarmé's on-going questioning on the relation of art to reality. As I show, some of these interrogations rejoin the aesthetic preoccupations of the major artistic currents of the time, such as Impressionism in France and the Decorative Arts in England. These movements were defining new norms for the representation of reality in reaction to the changes of nineteenth century society. But as the genetic study of the Vers de circonstance reveals, along with the contextual framing and analysis of his other works, the occasional and the concept of the real play a fundamental role in his poetics at large. On the one hand, the aesthetic concept of the real allows him to draw the attention of his readers to the tension between the concreteness of reality with its elusiveness and ephemerality. On the other hand, the occasional is a way for Mallarmé to humanize the otherwise anonymous and impersonal quality of print. In an epoch when reality became mechanically reproducible and the distance between an author and its readers became increasingly distant and diffuse, the questions posed by Mallarmé on the relation of art to real objects, people and events were fundamental. As I conclude, therefore, the use of widely accessible quotidian objects, the mise en abyme of the visuality of writing, and Mallarmé's programmatic note to the reader to emulate his poetic project, all combine to validate his postulation of a new poetic art turned towards the everyday and his contemporaries.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Zürich. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. [168]-177).

Thèse--Faculté des lettres de Paris. / Bibliography: p. [5]-6.

Thesis--Université de Toulouse-Le Mirail, 1972. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. 700-733).