International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / November 04-07, 1991 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / NASA’s reaction to requirements for the Space Station Freedom era’s telemetry data systems has been the continuing effort to combine a modular design approach with stateof-the-art VLSI technology for developing telemetry data processing systems. As part of this effort, NASA’s Data Systems Technology Division, in cooperation with Clemson University, is developing a Macintosh II based Telemetry and Command (MacTAC) system. This system performs telemetry data processing functions including frame synchronization, Reed-Solomon decoding, and packet reassembly at moderate data rates of 5 Mbps (20 Mbps burst). The MacTAC is a low-cost, transportable, easy to use, compact system designed to meet requirements specified by the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) while remaining flexible enough to support a wide variety of other user specific telemetry processing requirements (e.g., TDM data). In addition, the MacTAC can accept or generate forward data (such as spacecraft commands), calculate and append a Polynomial Check Code (PCC), and output this data to NASCOM to provide full Telemetry and Command (TAC) capability. Semi-custom VLSI gate arrays perform the return link functions of NASCOM deblocking, correlation, and frame synchronization. Reed-Solomon decoding (for error detection) and packet reassembly are also performed by modern microprocessor and semi-custom VLSI components. The local user interface is a standard Macintosh application with the wellknown look and feel of the Macintosh environment. A remote interface is possible via Ethernet which allows the system to be completely controlled from any location capable of generating the required remote operating commands. Return link data may be viewed in real time on the local or remote user interface screen in a variety of formats along with system status information. In addition, data may also be archived on SCSI disks for later retrieval and analysis as needed. This paper describes the general architecture and functionality of this MacTAC system including the particular custom telemetry cards, the various input/output interfaces, and the icon driven user interface.

Pumpkin is a vegetable that has a remarkable nutritional importance, especially because it is a rich source of carotenoids, the essential compounds to human nutrition. Although the cooking methods may influence the retention of nutrients and phytochemicals in foods, there is a need to know the best way to promote cooking in pumpkin, minimizing the significant nutritional and sensory loss. This study aimed to determine and compare the quality attributes of fresh pumpkin, achieved by different cooking methods: boiling, steam, vacuum (sous-vide) and microwave. It was made chemical and physico-chemical determinations, staining, functional constituents and microbiological and sensory analysis of the products. At the end of the study, it was found that the parameters of soluble solids, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, soluble dark pigments, hue angle, total anthocyanins, yellow flavonoids, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, and the sensory attributes of flavor, texture, overall impression and purchase intention presented significant variations for the effect of the performed cooking methods. The color of cooked samples was less bright (L*), red (a*) and yellow (b*) than the color of the fresh sample. The loss of vivid colors (reduction of chroma) over the fresh pumpkin was observed for all cooked samples. All cooking methods reduced the content of ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and total polyphenols. Total carotenoids ranged from 8,933.92 to 24,772.72 mg 100 g-1 of fresh sample, and 24.58% higher in cooking in microwave and 2.26% cooking in boiling, while the cooks in the steam and in vacuum (sous-vide) caused a reduction. The yellow flavonoids were more preserved for cooking in microwave and ranged from 9.31 to 13.73 mg 100 g-1 between the brews made. The sous-vide cooking caused the greatest loss of functional components, being attributed to increased cooking time and degradation by light. The products showed no microbiological contamination. The cooking in microwave showed the highest scores for all sensory attributes evaluated. The other three cooking were also well accepted by panelists, representing different market niches. Pumpkin has many quality attributes, with high levels of functional components, and cooking in microwave oven is the preferred method to promote their cooking. / A abÃbora à um legume que apresenta uma notÃvel importÃncia nutricional, destacando-se pelo fato de ser uma rica fonte de carotenÃides, compostos imprescindÃveis na nutriÃÃo humana. Todavia, os mÃtodos de cocÃÃo podem influenciar a retenÃÃo de nutrientes e fitoquÃmicos em alimentos, havendo a necessidade de se conhecer a melhor forma de promover a cocÃÃo em abÃbora, minimizando as significativas perdas nutricionais e sensoriais. Este trabalho objetivou determinar e comparar os atributos de qualidade de abÃbora in natura e obtida por diferentes mÃtodos de cocÃÃo: ebuliÃÃo, vapor, vÃcuo (sous-vide) e micro-ondas. Foram realizadas determinaÃÃes quÃmicas e fÃsico-quÃmicas, coloraÃÃo, constituintes funcionais e anÃlises microbiolÃgicas e sensoriais dos produtos. Ao final do estudo, constatou-se que os parÃmetros de sÃlidos solÃveis, aÃÃcares nÃo redutores, aÃÃcares totais, pigmentos escuros solÃveis, Ãngulo hue, antocianinas totais, flavonÃides amarelos, carotenÃides totais e polifenÃis totais, e os atributos sensoriais de sabor, textura, impressÃo global e intenÃÃo de compra apresentaram variaÃÃes significativas pelo efeito dos mÃtodos de cocÃÃo realizados. A cor das amostras cozidas foi menos brilhante (L*), vermelho (a*) e amarelo (b*) do que a cor da amostra in natura. A perda de cores vivas (diminuiÃÃo de croma) em relaÃÃo à abÃbora in natura foi observada para todas as amostras cozidas. Todos os mÃtodos de cocÃÃo reduziram os conteÃdos de Ãcido ascÃrbico, antocianinas totais e polifenÃis totais. Os carotenÃides totais variaram de 8.933,92 a 24.772,72 Âg 100 g-1 de amostra fresca, sendo elevados em 24,58% na cocÃÃo em micro-ondas e em 2,26% na cocÃÃo em ebuliÃÃo, enquando as cocÃÃes no vapor e no vÃcuo (sous-vide) provocaram reduÃÃo. Os flavonÃides amarelos foram mais preservados na cocÃÃo em micro-ondas e variaram de 9,31 a 13,73 mg 100 g-1 entre as cocÃÃes realizadas. A cocÃÃo sous-vide ocasionou as maiores perdas de componentes funcionais, sendo atribuÃdas ao maior tempo de cocÃÃo e a degradaÃÃo pela luz. Os produtos nÃo apresentaram contaminaÃÃes microbiolÃgicas. A cocÃÃo em micro-ondas foi a que apresentou maiores mÃdias para os atributos sensoriais avaliados. As outras trÃs cocÃÃes tambÃm foram bem aceitas pelos provadores, representando nichos diferenciados de mercado. A abÃbora possui muitos atributos de qualidade, apresentando elevados nÃveis de componentes funcionais, sendo a cocÃÃo em micro-ondas o mÃtodo preferido para promover a sua cocÃÃo.

The estimation of effort is at the heart of project tasks, since it is used for many purposes such as cost estimation, budgeting, monitoring, project planning, control and software investments. Researchers analyze problems of the estimation, propose new models and use new techniques to improve accuracy. However up to now, there is no comprehensive estimation methodology to guide companies in their effort estimation tasks. Effort estimation problem is not only a computational but also a managerial problem. It requires estimation goals, execution steps, applied measurement methods and updating mechanisms to be properly defined. Besides project teams should have motivation and responsibilities to build a reliable database. If such methodology is not defined, common interpretation will not be constituted among software teams of the company, and variances in measurements and divergences in collected information prevents to collect sufficient historical information for building accurate models. This thesis proposes a methodology for organizations to manage and execute effort estimation processes. The approach is based on the reported best practices, v empirical results of previous studies and solutions to problems &amp / conflicts described in literature. Five integrated processes: Data Collection, Size Measurement, Data Analysis, Calibration, Effort Estimation processes are developed with their artifacts, procedures, checklists and templates. The validation and applicability of the methodology is checked in a middle-size software company. During the validation of methodology we also evaluated some concepts such as Functional Similarity (FS) and usage of Base Functional Components (BFC) in effort model on a reliable dataset. By this way we evaluated whether these subjects should be a part of methodology or not. Besides in this study it is the first time that the COSMIC has been used for Artificial Neural Network models.

SILVA, Maria de Fátima Gomes da. Atributos de qualidade de abóbora (Cucurbita moschata cv. Leite) obtida por diferentes métodos de cocção. 2012. 81 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Fortaleza-CE, 2012 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T12:31:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_mfgsilva.pdf: 904656 bytes, checksum: 78fca0c7aae9c9aca4a80b5ecc0038d6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T12:31:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_mfgsilva.pdf: 904656 bytes, checksum: 78fca0c7aae9c9aca4a80b5ecc0038d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T12:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_mfgsilva.pdf: 904656 bytes, checksum: 78fca0c7aae9c9aca4a80b5ecc0038d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / A abóbora é um legume que apresenta uma notável importância nutricional, destacando-se pelo fato de ser uma rica fonte de carotenóides, compostos imprescindíveis na nutrição humana. Todavia, os métodos de cocção podem influenciar a retenção de nutrientes e fitoquímicos em alimentos, havendo a necessidade de se conhecer a melhor forma de promover a cocção em abóbora, minimizando as significativas perdas nutricionais e sensoriais. Este trabalho objetivou determinar e comparar os atributos de qualidade de abóbora in natura e obtida por diferentes métodos de cocção: ebulição, vapor, vácuo (sous-vide) e micro-ondas. Foram realizadas determinações químicas e físico-químicas, coloração, constituintes funcionais e análises microbiológicas e sensoriais dos produtos. Ao final do estudo, constatou-se que os parâmetros de sólidos solúveis, açúcares não redutores, açúcares totais, pigmentos escuros solúveis, ângulo hue, antocianinas totais, flavonóides amarelos, carotenóides totais e polifenóis totais, e os atributos sensoriais de sabor, textura, impressão global e intenção de compra apresentaram variações significativas pelo efeito dos métodos de cocção realizados. A cor das amostras cozidas foi menos brilhante (L*), vermelho (a*) e amarelo (b*) do que a cor da amostra in natura. A perda de cores vivas (diminuição de croma) em relação à abóbora in natura foi observada para todas as amostras cozidas. Todos os métodos de cocção reduziram os conteúdos de ácido ascórbico, antocianinas totais e polifenóis totais. Os carotenóides totais variaram de 8.933,92 a 24.772,72 µg 100 g-1 de amostra fresca, sendo elevados em 24,58% na cocção em micro-ondas e em 2,26% na cocção em ebulição, enquando as cocções no vapor e no vácuo (sous-vide) provocaram redução. Os flavonóides amarelos foram mais preservados na cocção em micro-ondas e variaram de 9,31 a 13,73 mg 100 g-1 entre as cocções realizadas. A cocção sous-vide ocasionou as maiores perdas de componentes funcionais, sendo atribuídas ao maior tempo de cocção e a degradação pela luz. Os produtos não apresentaram contaminações microbiológicas. A cocção em micro-ondas foi a que apresentou maiores médias para os atributos sensoriais avaliados. As outras três cocções também foram bem aceitas pelos provadores, representando nichos diferenciados de mercado. A abóbora possui muitos atributos de qualidade, apresentando elevados níveis de componentes funcionais, sendo a cocção em micro-ondas o método preferido para promover a sua cocção. / Pumpkin is a vegetable that has a remarkable nutritional importance, especially because it is a rich source of carotenoids, the essential compounds to human nutrition. Although the cooking methods may influence the retention of nutrients and phytochemicals in foods, there is a need to know the best way to promote cooking in pumpkin, minimizing the significant nutritional and sensory loss. This study aimed to determine and compare the quality attributes of fresh pumpkin, achieved by different cooking methods: boiling, steam, vacuum (sous-vide) and microwave. It was made chemical and physico-chemical determinations, staining, functional constituents and microbiological and sensory analysis of the products. At the end of the study, it was found that the parameters of soluble solids, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, soluble dark pigments, hue angle, total anthocyanins, yellow flavonoids, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, and the sensory attributes of flavor, texture, overall impression and purchase intention presented significant variations for the effect of the performed cooking methods. The color of cooked samples was less bright (L*), red (a*) and yellow (b*) than the color of the fresh sample. The loss of vivid colors (reduction of chroma) over the fresh pumpkin was observed for all cooked samples. All cooking methods reduced the content of ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and total polyphenols. Total carotenoids ranged from 8,933.92 to 24,772.72 mg 100 g-1 of fresh sample, and 24.58% higher in cooking in microwave and 2.26% cooking in boiling, while the cooks in the steam and in vacuum (sous-vide) caused a reduction. The yellow flavonoids were more preserved for cooking in microwave and ranged from 9.31 to 13.73 mg 100 g-1 between the brews made. The sous-vide cooking caused the greatest loss of functional components, being attributed to increased cooking time and degradation by light. The products showed no microbiological contamination. The cooking in microwave showed the highest scores for all sensory attributes evaluated. The other three cooking were also well accepted by panelists, representing different market niches. Pumpkin has many quality attributes, with high levels of functional components, and cooking in microwave oven is the preferred method to promote their cooking.

This has paper has two main purposes: to analyze the translation of specialized terminology and ways of addressing the reader in a specialized tourist text in Spanish and its Swedish target text. The terminological difficulties on volcanism in the translation concerns the fact that the semantic field on this topic is diversified in the Canary Islands, contrary to the semantic field on volcanoes in Swedish. The theoretical background in this paper gives keys to describing the meaning of words in terms of connotation and denotation and describes how to use semantic components to solve the difficulties of terminology. The theory applied to the difficulties concerning ways of addressing the reader in the source text, explains the relation between the sender and the reader in terms of distance and closenes. The paper shows that the source text is inconsistent in this matter. To solve this task the translator has adopted a homogeneous way of addressing the reader, to achieve a target text loyal to the Swedish speaking reader and to consistency. The translation of tourist texts has been thought of as being an easy task, not demanding too much of its translators. This paper aims at showing that this is not the case.