O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência das características de três tipos de mochila através de parâmetros biomecânicos e fisiológicos selecionados. Foram voluntários 49 carteiros (30±7 anos, 1,74±0,62 m e 72,6±11,8 kg), que utilizaram 3 tipos de mochilas: mochila lateral simples (MLS), mochila lateral com cinto pélvico (MLCP) e mochila dupla com cinto pélvico (MDCP). Os sujeitos andaram durante 10 minutos sobre esteira rolante Trotter instrumentada com duas plataformas de força de reação do solo Kistler, utilizando um analisador de gases que analisou os gases expirados. As variáveis cinéticas da locomoção apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as mochilas. As variáveis cinemáticas não mostraram diferenças significativas. A ventilação apresentou diferenças entre MLCP (23,2±5,4 L · min-1) e MLS (22,5±5,0 L · min-1) e MDCP (22,3±4,8 L · min-1) e o consumo de oxigênio apresentou diferenças entre MDCP (14,6±4,1 mL · kg-1 · min-1) e MLS (15,1±3,6 mL · kg-1 · min-1) e MLCP (15,2±4,3 mL · kg-1 · min-1). Os dados dinâmicos apontaram para benefícios do uso da MLS, e os dados fisiológicos apontaram para benefícios do uso da MDCP. Embora os dados tenham apresentado diferenças estatísticas, estas não foram de magnitudes representativas, assim, a MDCP parece induzir maior demanda metabólica e a MLS menor estresse físico. / The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the satchel construction characteristics in selected biomechanical and physiological parameters during the accomplishment of the locomotion of mailmen pedestrians. 49 mailmen had been voluntary (30±7 years, 1.74±0.62 m and 72.6±11.8 kg), which had used 3 types of satchels, simple lateral satchel (MLS), lateral satchel with pelvic belt (MLCP) and double satchel with pelvic belt (MDCP). The subjects had walked 10 minutes on Trotter treadmill instrumented with two Kistler force platforms, using a gas analyzer that made analyzes of the exhaled gases. Fy1 presented differences between MLS (1.35±0.10) and MLCP (1.37±0.11) and MDCP (1.37±0.10), like others FRS parameters. The step and strike lengths had not been sensible to the different satchels. The VE presented differences between MLCP (23.2±5.4 L · min-1) and MLS (22.5± 5.0 L · min-1) and MDCP (22.7±4.8 L · min-1) and the VO2, presented differences between MDCP (14.6± .1 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and MLS (15.1±3. 6 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and MLCP (15.2±4.3 mL · kg-1 · min-1). The dynamic data had pointed to benefits using MLS, but the physiological data had indicated to benefits using MDCP. Although the data have presented statistical differences, but these had not been representative magnitudes, thus, the MDCP seems to induce bigger metabolic demand and MLS the lesser physical stress.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência das características de três tipos de mochila através de parâmetros biomecânicos e fisiológicos selecionados. Foram voluntários 49 carteiros (30±7 anos, 1,74±0,62 m e 72,6±11,8 kg), que utilizaram 3 tipos de mochilas: mochila lateral simples (MLS), mochila lateral com cinto pélvico (MLCP) e mochila dupla com cinto pélvico (MDCP). Os sujeitos andaram durante 10 minutos sobre esteira rolante Trotter instrumentada com duas plataformas de força de reação do solo Kistler, utilizando um analisador de gases que analisou os gases expirados. As variáveis cinéticas da locomoção apresentaram diferenças significativas entre as mochilas. As variáveis cinemáticas não mostraram diferenças significativas. A ventilação apresentou diferenças entre MLCP (23,2±5,4 L · min-1) e MLS (22,5±5,0 L · min-1) e MDCP (22,3±4,8 L · min-1) e o consumo de oxigênio apresentou diferenças entre MDCP (14,6±4,1 mL · kg-1 · min-1) e MLS (15,1±3,6 mL · kg-1 · min-1) e MLCP (15,2±4,3 mL · kg-1 · min-1). Os dados dinâmicos apontaram para benefícios do uso da MLS, e os dados fisiológicos apontaram para benefícios do uso da MDCP. Embora os dados tenham apresentado diferenças estatísticas, estas não foram de magnitudes representativas, assim, a MDCP parece induzir maior demanda metabólica e a MLS menor estresse físico. / The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the satchel construction characteristics in selected biomechanical and physiological parameters during the accomplishment of the locomotion of mailmen pedestrians. 49 mailmen had been voluntary (30±7 years, 1.74±0.62 m and 72.6±11.8 kg), which had used 3 types of satchels, simple lateral satchel (MLS), lateral satchel with pelvic belt (MLCP) and double satchel with pelvic belt (MDCP). The subjects had walked 10 minutes on Trotter treadmill instrumented with two Kistler force platforms, using a gas analyzer that made analyzes of the exhaled gases. Fy1 presented differences between MLS (1.35±0.10) and MLCP (1.37±0.11) and MDCP (1.37±0.10), like others FRS parameters. The step and strike lengths had not been sensible to the different satchels. The VE presented differences between MLCP (23.2±5.4 L · min-1) and MLS (22.5± 5.0 L · min-1) and MDCP (22.7±4.8 L · min-1) and the VO2, presented differences between MDCP (14.6± .1 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and MLS (15.1±3. 6 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and MLCP (15.2±4.3 mL · kg-1 · min-1). The dynamic data had pointed to benefits using MLS, but the physiological data had indicated to benefits using MDCP. Although the data have presented statistical differences, but these had not been representative magnitudes, thus, the MDCP seems to induce bigger metabolic demand and MLS the lesser physical stress.

Transport of wastewater in sewer networks causes potential problems associated with gases which include ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane, in regard to odor nuisance, irritation, toxicity, and microbially induced corrosion. The extent of these problems depends on the emission rates of gases in the sewer atmosphere. To limit these kinds of problems an estimate of the gases emitted from the sewer network is to be known. In consideration to the above mentioned problems, a research has been taken up to estimate the two gases, namely, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from sewer wet wells. In this method, using Landtec GEM-2000 plus a multi-gas analyzer, the sample gases were collected from the wet well of pump stations for five days. Using the collected samples the emission rates of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are estimated.

В работе поднимается проблема экологического мониторинга воздуха около промышленных предприятий. Разработана информационно-управляющая система, включающая: устройство для определения концентрации вредных веществ в воздухе и передачи данных, беспилотный летательный аппарат (БПЛА) для проведения мониторинга, программный модуль для обработки полученных данных. Оперативное определение состояния окружающей среды с помощью устройства экологического мониторинга совместимого с БПЛА позволит снизить риск ухудшения здоровья рабочих, а также позволит предупредить утечки опасных газов, в том числе взрывоопасных. / The paper raises the problem of environmental monitoring of air near industrial enterprises. An information and control system has been developed, including: a device for determining the concentration of harmful substances in the air and transmitting data, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for monitoring, a software module for processing the received data. Operational determination of the state of the environment using an environmental monitoring device compatible with the UAV will reduce the risk of deterioration of workers' health, and will also prevent leaks of dangerous gases, including explosive ones.

This master’s thesis elaborates a design of water heating and heating system for a building of a rehabilitation center in Horný Hričov. The theoretical section describes operational efficiency of gas boilers and associated calculation methods. The experimental section covers measurements of condensing gas boiler at various temperatures of heating water conducted in university laboratory. Operational efficiency was then calculated using indirect method based on the measurement results. Subsequently, calculated values and values measured by an operational efficiency analyzer were compared. The comparison revealed minor deviations in operational efficiency values and different values of condensing heat utilization between the calculations and the analyzer results. The analytical section of the thesis consists of complex designs of two versions of the heating system and the water heating. The first design version uses condensing gas boilers as a heat source while the second version uses a water-air heat pump instead. The project section of the thesis is executed in the scope for a building permit and consists of a technical report and a design documentation.

The topic of this diploma thesis is the operational efficiency of heat sources. The work had several goals. The first was to determine the efficiency of the wood boiler according to available calculation methods and to compare the methods among them. The second was to determine the difference in the performance of the flue gas analyzer and the real calculation. Further, to determine the efficiency of a boiler firing different wood species - spruce and hornbeam based on their properties and elemental composition. Experimental measurement of various operating states of effectiveness took place in an older two-generation family house, which was also the subject of the project part. Due to lack of project documentation, it was necessary to focus and plot the object. Afterwards, the building was thermally inspected and the design of the heating system and the reconstruction of the whole heating system was carried out. The project was developed in two variants for two different heat sources - a heat pump and a solid fuel boiler for heating and water preparation. The thesis deals with the technical report, the conceptual solution of the related professions, the evaluation of the heat source variants and the project documentation.