<p>Cracks in the Spirit of Community is a study of a Swedishtrade union in a period of change. Increasingly, traditionaltrade unions´ work based on collective solutions has comeinto question, and the customer perspective of trade unionactivities is becoming more prominent. At the same time, ageneration of mainstay trade union supporters at ourcountry´s workplaces are approaching retirement age. Howdo these - now ageing - children of Sweden´s"people´s home" hand over our society´s institutionsand pass on its traditions to a new generation? Is there a riskthat knowledge will be lost? And is anyone in the newgeneration ready to receive this knowledge?</p><p>A systematic and structured dialogue with participants fromSif, Sweden´s leading white collar union, helped developthis complex of problems. The work focused on the interactionbetween people to build up a community of understanding, whichwas at the core of earlier trade union tradition. Broadeningthe present pattern of action allows more long-term trends tobe traced. A disregard for matters of common concern, andunstated dissension, cause cracks in the spirit of community,cracks that undermine the power of collective action inpolitical matters. This dissertation poses complex questionsabout democracy, participation and common responsibility.</p><p>The case study was carried out as a series of dialogueseminars with a carefully-selected group of people from Sif.The dialogue seminar method was developed to bring to the foretacit knowledge in skills research. By focussing onvalue-based, shared human knowledge, the dissertation puts tothe test a new application of the dialogue seminar method. Thisstudy illustrates a shift from common interests to individualinterests. It points out general trends in the development ofour society - a trade union member, an employee and a citizenis often one and the same person.</p>

Within flow-based market coupling, the EU's preferred method for calculating cross-border trading capacities, recent regulatory changes stipulate minimum trading capacities, so-called minRAMs which have to be provided to electricity markets. Effectively, high predicted flows on considered electricity grid elements have to be reduced to reserve a minimum of the elements' capacities for cross-zonal trading. This analysis investigates if the adjustments made to meet this criterion, in the form of augmented trading domains, lead to higher amounts of curative congestion management. To quantify the effect of increasing minRAMs on overall welfare, the markets and grids of Central Western Europe are analyzed during two representative weeks of 2016. The results show the increasing market coupling welfare is more than offset by rising congestion management costs, leading to net welfare losses. In the best case, the generation plus congestion management costs within Central Western Europe rise by 7.25% when increasing the minRAMs from the current 20%–45% and a minRAM of 70% is 6.28% more expensive compared to a minRAM of 20%. The analysis derives policy recommendations for implementing the minRAM stipulation, with a particular focus on a cost-minimizing selection of generation shift keys, in general as well as situation-dependent terms.

The aim of this Dissertation Thesis is to gather the generation language among the elderly and younger (generation) in South Bohemia to find out phonetical, formal, lexical differences, which have been happening during the generation shift.

Cracks in the Spirit of Community is a study of a Swedishtrade union in a period of change. Increasingly, traditionaltrade unions´ work based on collective solutions has comeinto question, and the customer perspective of trade unionactivities is becoming more prominent. At the same time, ageneration of mainstay trade union supporters at ourcountry´s workplaces are approaching retirement age. Howdo these - now ageing - children of Sweden´s"people´s home" hand over our society´s institutionsand pass on its traditions to a new generation? Is there a riskthat knowledge will be lost? And is anyone in the newgeneration ready to receive this knowledge? A systematic and structured dialogue with participants fromSif, Sweden´s leading white collar union, helped developthis complex of problems. The work focused on the interactionbetween people to build up a community of understanding, whichwas at the core of earlier trade union tradition. Broadeningthe present pattern of action allows more long-term trends tobe traced. A disregard for matters of common concern, andunstated dissension, cause cracks in the spirit of community,cracks that undermine the power of collective action inpolitical matters. This dissertation poses complex questionsabout democracy, participation and common responsibility. The case study was carried out as a series of dialogueseminars with a carefully-selected group of people from Sif.The dialogue seminar method was developed to bring to the foretacit knowledge in skills research. By focussing onvalue-based, shared human knowledge, the dissertation puts tothe test a new application of the dialogue seminar method. Thisstudy illustrates a shift from common interests to individualinterests. It points out general trends in the development ofour society - a trade union member, an employee and a citizenis often one and the same person. / <p>QC 20120208</p>