INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are currently on the first place among the causes of death worldwide and also in the Czech Republic (CR). The most common causes of death among CVDs are disorders associated with atherosclerosis (ATS) and the prevalence of atherosclerosis and their complications increases with increasing age. The aim of this diploma thesis was to document CVS morbidity in geriatric patients in the sample of FIP7 program of the EUROAGEISM H2020 project, mainly the prevalence of CVS disorders associated with ATS, and to evaluate the controll of risk factors associatedwith general risks of progression of ATS. METHODS The data collection for this theses was carried out in the CR from September 2018 to January 2019 in patients in acute care at the age of 65 and older at geriatric wards in Hradec Králové (HK) and Brno. Patients involved in the study were those admitted to hospitalization at the time of data collection, were complying with inclusion criteria and undersigned the informed consent. The Ethics committee of the Faculy of Pharmacy, Charles University and ethics committee of participating healthcare facilities approved the project. Information have been obtained using the questionnaire for comprehensive geriatric assessment which is the secured instrument of the...

INTRODUCTION: In the world population, the number of seniors with very heterogeneous health care is increasing. Because of the aging of the organism they are much more sensitive to adverse effects of drugs, therefore geriatric care is more visitors and safety pharmacotherapy. It thus seeks to prevent risky medicines available in geriatric patients. Many explicit targets have been disclosed that can be reserved for the potentially endangered by the elderly. Diuretics are among the classes of drugs that are often prescribed in the geriatric population but which pose significant risks to the geriatric patient. Problems with their unpleasant effects, but also poor indication or combination with minimal drugs. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this thesis was to describe the frequency and rationality of prescribing diuretics in seniors treated in geriatric outpatient clinics. The use of diuretics in appropriate and potentially inappropriate indications, the occurrence of changes accompanying adverse reactions (including laboratory changes in electrolytes and metabolic parameters) and whether these problems are controlled were monitored. The risks of hyponatraemia associated with diuretic therapy and the use of SIADH-inducing drugs were also assessed in more detail. METHODICS: This thesis was based on the...

Title: Analysis of the use of potentially inappropriate cardiovascular drugs in seniors in acute care in the project EUROAGEISM H2020 Author: Petra Gajdošová Department: Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Daniela Fialová PhD. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Population aging is a global problem for which all health and social systems of all countries needs be prepared, including the Czech Republic. It is assumed that in 2050 every third citizen of the Czech Republic will be 65 years and older. The group of seniors is characterized by high polymorbidity and polypharmacotherapy. Prescription of drugs is also very complicated in seniors due to changes accompanying aging (at the level of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and homeostasis). The aim of this diploma thesis was to determinate the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) from the cardiovascular system (CVS) using the best-known explicit criteria of PIMs in the Czech sample of seniors in acute care assessed during the FIP7 program of the EUROAGEISM H2020 project. METHODOLOGY: Data collection was held during the FIP7 program of the EUROAGEISM H2020 project in acute care in seniors aged 65 years and over in two health facilities in Brno and Hradec Králové (HK) in the Czech Republic from August 2018 to...

Introduction: As the population is aging and the number of the seniors is rising, the importance of knowledge and methods of geriatry and gerontology grows bigger. The seniors represent highly specified group of patients whose health care and treatment should be paid especial attention. Multimorbidity, polypharmacotherapy and an enlarged risk of adverse drug events often make such treatment more complicated. Complex geriatric assessment and acceptance of principals of geriatric prescription both represent key values of rational treatment. This thesis is dedicated to the issue of insomnia and rating of sedative/hypnotic treatment in the czech sample of seniors in acute care. Methodology: The data for this thesis were collected between the years 2018-2019 within EUROAGEISM H2020 project. They include information on 438 patients 65 years of age and older which was collected from three geriatric medical acute care centres in Czech republic (Prague, Brno, Hradec Králové) and gained from the medical documentation combined with the information from patient and medical staff themselves, which were interviewed with use of standardized questionnaire of the EUROAGEISM H2020 research project. The questionnaire was composed from sociodemographic characteristics, assesment of functional ability, nutrition state...

INTRODUCTION The deepening process of demographic aging has a significant impact on all areas of the society. With increasing age, the presence of illness, as well as the amount of used drugs increases. The most commonly prescribed drugs are often proton pump inhibitors, which play an irreplaceable role in the treatment of many gastrointestinal diseases. The trend of the overuse of proton pump inhibitors as the main antisecretory drugs is mainly related to their long-term administration in the prophylaxis of concurrent use of gastrotoxic drugs. The aim of this work was to evaluate the rationality of use of proton pump inhibitors including indications, administered dosages and duration of treatment. METHODS The data collected and used in this work are a part of the FIP7 project of the EUROAGEISM H2020 program. The study involved 438 geriatric patients in acute care institutions in Brno, Prague, and Hradec Králové, who were hospitalized between August 2018 and January 2019. The inclusion criteria were age over 65 years and adherence to inclusion criteria of the study. Seniors with severe cognitive impairment (MMSE < 10 points), memory impairment, speech or hearing impairment, patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit and in the terminal stage of the disease were excluded from the study. Data...

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Second language acquisition has proven to impact the brain in many ways. Studies have shown a distinct difference between the monolingual and the bilingual brain. These structural differences have included an observable increase in cortical thickness in bilingual individuals when compared to monolinguals. This is a significant observation since many neurological diseases and impairments have been connected to a decrease in cortical thickness. However, previous studies have focused solely on bilinguals who had acquired their second language early on in life. These studies have failed to focus on the potential impact that could be observed on the cortical thickness of individuals who acquire a language after the age of 40. This study focused on monolingual students 40 years and older, who participated in an entry level university level Spanish course and examined how their brains structurally changed after a three-month course. These results were compared to a group of adults not participating in a language course who acted as a control group. This was achieved through MRI imaging of all the participants' brains and measuring any changes in their cortical thickness. Upon completing the second round of MRI imaging, the comparison of the pre and post MRI scans yielded an observable difference between the experimental group who had participated in the Spanish course and the control group. However, these differences did not prove to be significant and should be viewed as exploratory. Future research opportunities should entail studies with a longer duration combined with a curriculum better suited to this age group.

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Title: Ageing of the population and use of low-dose drug regimens in older patients (ii.) Author: Jana Koleníková Tutor: Assoc. Prof. Daniela Fialová, PharmD, Ph.D. University: Charles University Faculty: Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Introduction: Proportion of seniors in the population is increasing worldwide, therefore rational pharmacotherapy in older adults is more emphasized. The drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics change in older age due to physiological and pathological changes, but also due to frequent polymorbidity and polypharmacotherapy. The use of certain medicines is therefore considered risky in seniors. For this reason, explicit expert criteria of medications potentially inappropriate in the aged (so called PIMs) have been created in many countries. Considering the fact that seniors were usually not included in randomized controlled trials, information about specific dosing in older adults for many medications is not stated in Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPCs) which provide basic information on effective and safe administration of medicines. The aim of the diploma thesis was to clarify whether in case of PIMs specific information about geriatric dosing is stated in SmPCs, or at least general warnings that...

Interprofessional student service-learning experiences are integrated into the preventive care of older adult residents of public housing in Appalachia. Receiving a Health Resources and Services Administration grant provided the College of Nursing at East Tennessee State University the opportunity to expand interprofessional clinical experiences for students by partnering with the College of Pharmacy, the College of Clinical and Rehabilitative Health Sciences, and the local public housing authority. Select faculty from each college met and developed a plan to form student teams from all three colleges to conduct in-home comprehensive medical and nutrition assessments and medication chart reviews of high-risk older adults. Following the in-home visit, students and faculty discuss the assessment findings at planned interprofessional meetings. Students present their findings from each discipline's perspective and collaboratively set health priorities and develop intervention strategies and an inclusive follow-up plan. Excerpts from students' reflective narratives discussing the impact of the interprofessional service-learning experiences are shared.