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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Seguimento de mulheres grávidas vacinadas inadvertidamente contra rubéola no Brasil em 2001 e 2002 / Follow-up of pregnant women inadvertently vaccinated against rubella in Brazil in 2001 and 2002

Soares, Rosa Castalia França Ribeiro January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / Considerando a carga e gravidade da Síndrome da Rubéola Congênita (SRC), uma campanha nacional de vacinação de mulheres com idade entre 12 e 39 anos foi realizada no Brasil em 2001-2002 com a meta de imunizar mais de 30 milhões de mulheres. A possibilidade de vacinar mulheres grávidas motivou a iniciativa de acompanhar gestantes vacinadas inadvertidamente (GVI) contra rubéola. Os objetivos do estudo foram descrever o estado imunológico das mulheres, detectar infecção congênita pelo vírus vacinal (ICR) e estimar o risco de SRC e ICR associado ao vírus vacinal. Realizou-se um estudo prospectivo não controlado no qual as taxas de SRC e ICR vacinais foram comparadas a dados históricos. O estudo foi conduzido em 7 Estados:Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul e Goiás. Métodos laboratoriais incluíram teste sorológico rubéola-específico para IgM e IgG, PCR para detecção viral e seqüenciamento genômico para diferenciação viral. Uma GVI suscetível foi definida como aquela testada para rubéola até 30 dias após a vacinação e apresentou IgM positivo e IgG negativo. SRC associada à vacinação foi definida pela presença dos critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde para a SRC em recém-nascidos de GVI suscetível, apresentando IgG+ e com vírus vacinal identificado. De um total de 16.435.776 mulheres vacinadas, 20.395 estavam grávidas no momento da vacinação. Destas, 2.330 (11,4 por cento) foram consideradas suscetíveis à rubéola. No acompanhamento de 1.797 recém-nascidos foram identificados 63 (3,5 por cento) IgM positivos configurando ICR. Os resultados das 2230 gestações em 5 Estados incluíram 80 (3,4 por cento) abortos e 11 (0,5 por cento) natimortos. Dados clínicos de 47 dos 63 casos de IRC mostraram 5 recém-nascidos com baixo peso, 4 prematuros, 1 comunicação inter-atrial e 1 sopro cardíaco aos 35 dias de vida, os quais não são compatíveis com SRC. A taxa de ICR foi de 3,5 por cento e nenhum caso de SRC foi detectado. Nossos dados reforçam as recomendações de (1) manter a contra-indicação de vacinação na gravidez e (2) não interromper a gravidez em caso de vacinação inadvertida. / Considering the burden and severity of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS), a countrywide vaccination campaign was conducted in Brazil in 2001 and 2002 with the goal of immunizing over 30 million women aged 12 to 39 years. The possibility of vaccinating women unaware of their pregnancy prompted an initiative to identify and follow-up pregnant women inadvertently vaccinated (PWIV) against rubella. The objectives of this study were: to describe the immunological status of these women and ascertain vaccine virus infection in neonates born to women susceptible to rubella infection at the time of vaccination, and to estimate the risk of Congenital Rubella Infection (CRI) and CRS in neonates associated with the vaccine virus. This was a prospective uncontrolled study, in which rates of CRI and CRS due to the vaccine were compared with data from historic control group. The study was conducted in seven states of the country: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Pernambuco, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul, and Goiás. Laboratory methods included serum enzyme immune assay (EIA) for rubella IgM and IgG detection, PCR for viral detection and genomic sequencing for viral differentiation. A susceptible PWIV was defined as one tested for rubella within 30 days after vaccination and presented positive IgM and negative IgG. CRI associated with vaccination was defined as a newborn to a susceptible PWIV presenting with positive rubella IgM and having the vaccine virus identified but without CRS syndrome. CRS associated with vaccination was defined as a newborn to a susceptible PWIV who fulfilled the WHO criteria for CRS syndrome, presenting with positive rubella IgM and having the vaccine virus identified. From a total of 16,435,776 women, 20,395 were pregnant at the time of vaccination. Among these, 2,330 (11.4%) were considered susceptible at vaccination. The follow-up of 1,797 (77.1%) newborns disclosed 63 (3.5%) IgM positive, which was considered vaccine-associated CRI. Outcomes of 2,230 pregnancies in 5 states include 80 abortions (3.4%), and 11 stillborns (0.5%). Clinical data from 47 of the 63 CRI cases (75%) disclosed: 5 low birth weight, 4 preterm, 1 inter-atrium communication, and 1 cardiac murmur at 35 days of life, which are not compatible with CRS definitions. The rate of CRI was 3.5% and no CRS cases were detected. Our data support the recommendation (1) that pregnancy should remain a contraindication to vaccination and precautions should be taken to avoid vaccination within 28 days of vaccination; and (2) that in case vaccination occurs within 28 days of pregnancy, interruption of pregnancy should not be conducted.

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