The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact effect of varied structure of golf ball. The researcher applied finite element analysis software LS-DYNA to do nonlinear impact analysis of different golf ball models. It was hoped that this study could design a better golf ball for golfer. The researcher had developed ten stress versus strain curves of two-piece golf balls (including a core and a cover) and three-piece golf balls (including a core, an inner cover and a cover) and four different thicknesses of inner cover of three-piece golf balls. The simulation also adjust the density of inner cover to analyze the impact procedure under the definite weight. With the special design of two-piece balls and three-piece balls, the impact models extract the ball velocities, and angular velocities for the calculation of the ball flight. Finally, the researcher made suggestions for some combination of material property and thickness of the core and the inner cover of the golf ball for the designer to develop a suitable golf ball.

Despite a substantial volume of research on identity in the social and behavioral sciences, identity theory has existed on the margins of the leisure literature and contributed to the understanding of leisure behavior only in occasional illustrative references. The purpose of this dissertation was to incorporate identity theory in the understanding individuals? leisure behavior within the context of recreational golf. Three independent studies were conducted to address different yet interconnected research topics. The first study identified conceptual links between identity theory and the concepts of enduring involvement, commitment, loyalty, specialization and serious leisure. Guided by identity theory, it was suggested that identity-confirmation is the underlying reason why individuals become involved in a leisure activity and develop a commitment and side bets. Further, this study proposed that self-verification processes underline why individuals value certain lines of action (i.e., enduring involvement, commitment, and specialization) and, in turn, become specialists, amateurs or loyal clients. The second study investigated the relationship between gender identity, leisure identity and leisure participation. Using data collected from recreational golfers, results showed that both leisure identity and masculine identity positively influenced respondents? participation in recreational golf. Furthermore, the findings illustrated that masculine identity plays a formative role in the development of a leisure identity, which in turn is an antecedent of leisure behavior. The third study adopted the concept of identity conflict/facilitation to provide a theoretical framework for understanding the experience of constraints to leisure and constraint negotiation. Using data collected from recreational golfers, analyses provided evidence in support of the contention that identity conflict/facilitation is an antecedent of perceived constraints and negotiation efforts. The findings also illustrated that the ability to negotiate constraints depends on the compatibility between the leisure identity and the other identities an individual holds. Finally, a summary and synthesis of the findings and agenda for future research were discussed.

Thesis (M.S. in crop science)--Washington State University, December 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 4, 2010). "Department of Crop and Soil Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.

Sports tourism has received growing attention in academic research over the past two decades but limited focus has been given to understanding the consumer and factors influencing decisions to include sport as part of the trip. This research provides, through a focus on the sport of golf, insight into the characteristics of the sports tourist, how participation is included in trips, how the emotional rewards gained from participation can influence sports tourist behaviours, and thus influence the selection of locations deemed suitable for sports participation. Specifically the aim of this thesis is to evaluate the relationships between golfer characteristics, golfer behaviours and destination choice. The research employs a grounded theory methodology, underpinned by a constructivist epistemology. This informed the process used to gather and analyse data as well as the presentation of this thesis. Three iterations of data (presented as discrete chapters) provide a robust analysis of literature and the twenty-seven interviews with UK-based golf tourists. Analysis elucidated the golfer characteristics, concluding with the development of a golf tourism participation spectrum. This understanding of the golf tourist informed the development of a substantive theory explaining the relationship between golf tourist behaviours and destination selection. A model detailing that the relationship is constructed through six conceptual strands (construction of the golf holiday, emotional rewards of participation, total trip spend, amenities and support facilities, course characteristics and influences of reputation). The first four of these strands directly influences golfer behaviour, with the latter two strands combining with behaviour to determine destination selection. Significant to the substantive theory is the identification of four spheres of influence (group dynamics, the role of competitions and ability, golfing capital and the role of intermediaries) which interact with the conceptual strands to govern destination selection. This thesis concludes by proposing a model which considers the findings in relation to the wider sport tourism sector.

No description available.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka: (1) vilka stressorer som elitgolfare exponeras för; (2) hur elitgolfare reagerar på stress samt (3) hur elitgolfare hanterar stress som uppkommer. Totalt deltog tio elitgolfare i studien, av vilka fem var kvinnor och fem var män. En semistrukturerad intervjuguide användes under personliga intervjuer. Intervjuerna analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet som framkom i denna studie ligger huvudsakligen i linje med den tidigare forskningen som har gjorts inom området där stressreaktioner såsom nedstämdhet och frustration var frekvent förekommande bland elitgolfarna. Vidare visade resultatet att de flesta elitgolfare som deltog i studien använde sig av två olika former av copingstrategier. Emotionsfokuserad coping där bland annat acceptans var förekommande och problemfokuserad coping där målorienterad fokusering förekom mest frekvent. De mest förekommande stressorer som elitgolfarna belyste var egna förväntningar, omgivningens förväntningar samt undermåliga förberedelser inför en tävling.

Thesis (MA(Psychology))-University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Aug. 24, 2009). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-71).

Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2008.