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The purpose of this study is not to offer any new political measures for consideration or to suggest any radical departures from the present plans of our government. Nor does it propose to advocate any new ideology, but to study trends in economic policies, and to suggest a philosophic approach to the appraisal of these trends.

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The aim of this master’s thesis is to trace examples of political rationality and governmental technologies in a selection of final reports of Swedish Public State Inquiries (SOU) where literacy and related concepts are fea-tured. I make use of the governmentality studies perspective developed by Nikolas Rose and colleagues. This can be described as a theoretical and methodological approach based on Michel Foucault’s concepts of govern-mentality, subjectivity, truth and knowledge, whose focus is on the ways in which social phenomena are repre-sented politically as problematic and how governmental technologies, in the shape of evaluative techniques, institutional practices, tools and programmes of reform and intervention, are developed for the remedy of such ‘social problems’. I pose questions, stemming from my primary aim, which relate to the observation of political rationality in my material, the kinds of governmental technologies which are suggested as useful or necessary, the aspirations of government discernible, as well as how literacy might be seen. I demonstrate that literacy can certainly be viewed as a governmental technology, employed in the realisation of political aspirations, on the basis of ideals of participation, influence, lifelong learning, and access, and through a political rationality, common in advanced liberal societies, which promotes notions of self-empowerment, autonomy and freedom. The ideal citizen is, I conclude, conceptualised principally as a Swedish-born, able-bodied, adult reader. This is achieved through a process of othering, or ‘dividing practices’, which places children, young people, immigrants, and to some ex-tent, people with reading difficulties and disabilities outside of the picture of literate normality. This is a two year master’s thesis in Archive, Library and Museum Studies. / Syftet med den här masteruppsatsen är att urskilja exempel på political rationality och governmental technologies i ett urval huvudbetänkande av Statliga offentliga utredningar, där litteracitet och närliggande begrepp framhävs. För att uppnå detta syfte, tillämpar jag ett governmentality studies-perspektiv såsom det har utvecklats av Nikolas Rose med kollegor. Perspektivet kan beskrivas som ett kombinerat teoretiskt och metodologiskt angreppssätt med utgångspunkt i Michel Foucaults begrepp på governmentality, subjektivitet, sanning och kunskap, och som lägger fokus på hur sociala fenomen representeras och problematiseras politiskt, och hur governmental technologies, i form av bedömningstekniker, institutionella praktiker, reformeringsverktyg och -program för avhjälpande av sociala problem, utvecklas. Följande är exempel på frågor jag ställer i relation till uppsatsens syfte: är det möjligt att skönja en political rationality i mitt empiriska material? Vilka governmental technologies rekommenderas som användbara eller nödvändiga? Hur ser politiska förhoppningar ut? Jag påvisar att litteracitet tydligt kan ses som en governmental technology, använd för att förverkliga politiska förhoppningar, på basis av ideal såsom deltagande, inflytande, det livslånga lärandet och tillgång, genom en political rationality som präglar senliberala samhällen, och som främjar föreställningar om empowerment, autonomi och frihet. Jag drar en slutsats som visar att den idealiska medborgaren konceptualiseras främst som den flergenerationssvenske, vuxna läsaren utan funktionshinder. Detta åstadkoms genom en process av othering, eller ’skiljande praktiker’, som placerar barn, ungdomar, invandrare och, till viss del, människor med lässvårigheter och läshinder utanför bilden av den litterata normaliteten. Detta arbete utgör en två-årig masteruppsats inom ABM.

The price of real estate is the result of economical operation and, most importantly, regulation mechanism of resource distribution for real estate industry. Since the process of economic reform began in 1978, there have been several times that the Chinese government imposed contractive measures intended to slow down the economic growth. This paper applies insights from economic theory to explain recent housing price patterns in China’s four largest metropolitan areas. (Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou) and discusses how the Chinese Government’s stance and policy affect the development of real estate. By examining the degree of impact on the housing market as a result of Macro Control Measures, excluding other housing market drivers; the empirical results revealed the degree of effectiveness by the Chinese Government administrative control over the housing market vary across the regions.

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No description available.