Mém.--Lyon--Ecole nationale supérieure Louis Lumière, 2000. / Bibliogr. p. LXVII-LXXVII.

Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Illinois University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-43).

Lipase was partially purified from the viscera of grey mullet ( Mugil cephalus) by ammonium sulfate fractionation, simultaneous desalting, and concentration via ultrafiltration and then affinity chromatography on EAH-Sepharose 4B. The partially purified extract was characterized using p-nitrophenyl palmitate (rho-NPP) as substrate. Grey mullet lipase was active within the pH range of 7-10, with an optimum pH of 8.0, and was stable from pH 4-10. The enzyme was active within the temperature range of 20°C and 60°C, and exhibited an optimum for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP at 50°C. The enzyme was stable between 10-50°C, beyond which it lost activity progressively. At 50°C there was ca. 50% residual activity after 60 min incubation. However at 60°C, there was 22%, 20% and 0% remaining activity after 10, 30 and 60 min incubation respectively. Based on the temperature activity data, the activation energy for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP was calculated as 1.94 kcal/mol (8.15 kJ/mol). / The rho-nitrophenyl esters of medium to long chain fatty acid (C10-C16) served as good substrates with the order of ease of hydrolysis as; rho-NP-palmitate > rho-NP-myristate > rho-NP-caprate > rho-NP-caproate > rho-NP-butyrate > rho-NP-acetate. The Km' and Vmax for the hydrolysis of rho-NPP were 0.22 mM and 20 mumol min-1 mg-1 , respectively. The hydrolytic activity of the lipase was enhanced by Mg2+, Mn2+, NaN3, and EDTA, but strongly inhibited by Hg2+, and Cu2+. PMSF (1 mM), Ca2+ (1 mM and 10 mM) had no effect on grey mullet lipase activity. Lower concentrations (25-10% v/v) of water-miscible organic solvents (dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, iso-propanol, and methanol) had negligible effect on the activity of the lipase while higher concentrations (>50% v/v) completely inhibited the enzyme. The grey mullet lipase was remarkably stable in water-immiscible organic solvents (benzene, toluene, hexane, heptane, and isooctane). The water-immiscible solvents also activated the enzyme with hexane giving the most activation. Lower concentrations of trihydroxylated bile salts (sodium taurocholate, and sodium cholate) were more potent activators than the dihydroxylated bile salt (sodium deoxycholate). Sodium dodecyl sulfate at 1 mM, and Tween 80RTM at 1% had 6% and 12% stimulatory effect on the activity of the enzyme respectively, while 1% and 0.5% Triton RTM X-100 caused 67% and 40% inhibition, respectively.

"July 1998" / Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of Biological Sciences, 1999. / Bibliography: leaves 321-360. / Introduction -- Musculoskeletal anatomy of Mugil cephalus -- A phylogenetic analysis of the Indo-Pacific mullets -- Description of the genera and species of Indo-Pacific mullet -- References. / Systematic, phylogeny and geographical distribution of Mugilidae in Indo-Pacific and Australian waters was reviewed, using morphological and osteological data. The original description, and synonymies, of all genera and species were compiled, and the extant type specimens in the Australian Museum, Queensland Museum, Western Australian Museum, British Museum of Natural History, Paris Museum of Natural History, Amsterdam, and Leiden Museums of Natural History were examined. Specimens of 11 species were collected from 50 coastal sites of Australia between Cairns (Queensland), to Port Elliston (South Australia), and Tasmania. Species that could not be collected were borrowed from the above mentioned museums. Thirty nine genera of mullets have been described worldwide of which 18 genera were recognised as valid in this study and a new genus 'ParamugiV is described. Mullets are most speciose in Indo-Pacific and this research suggests that 27 species (excluding Mugil brousssonetii Valenciennes, 1836), belonging to 14 genera are found in this region. -- The osteology and musculature of Mugil cephalus, as representative of Mugilidae is described. Distinguishing osteological characters within the group are defined. Osteology is a useful discriminant between genera and, in combination with morphometries and meristics, establishes useful criteria for the identification of these fishes. -- Phylogenetic analysis of data was performed using PAUP (Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony) computer software. Keys for identification of genera and species of Indo-Pacific mullets are developed and description of different genera and species are given following the hierarchy of relationships among them on the cladogram. The genera of Cestraeus and Aldrichetta represent the plesimorphic (primitive) subfamily of Agonostominae in Indo-Pacific. Mugilinae containing the other Indo-Pacific mullets is apomorphic (advanced). The cladogram of phylogenetic analysis suggests that Myxus elongatus and Trachystoma petardi are the most plesiomorphic members of the subfamily Mugilinae and sister group to other Indo-Pacific species. Osteology and morphology of alimentary canal of Gracilimugil argenteus also supports the superficial differences of this genus from Liza, and the cladogram separates it as a distinct lineage following Trachystoma, and more primitive compared to the rest of Indo-Pacific mullets. Osteology also strongly suggests that Gracilimugil ramsayii is a junior synonym of Gracilimugil argenteus. The cladogram also separates Ellochelon vaigiensis as a distinct lineage which is plesiomorphic to Liza and the rest of derived Indo-Pacific mullets. Valamugil georgii and Liza parmata display some morphological features different from diagnostic characters for Mugil, Valamugil and Liza. The autapomorphic character states of distinct morphology of maxilla, articular, palatine and lachrymal plus ctenoid scales without membranous hind margin, and lack of pectoral axillary scale grouped them as a distinct lineage in the cladogram and sister-group to Liza. 'Paramugil' a new genus is erected for 'MugiV parmatus and 'Mugil' georgii. The genera Crenimugil and Valamugil are sister-groups, and except morphology of mouth do not reveal any significant differences. -- Twenty species of mullets belonging to twelve genera are found in Australian waters. Species Trachystoma petardi, Myxus elongatus, Gracilimugil argenteus, and Paramugil georgii, are restricted only to Australian waters. Trachystoma petardi is confined to freshwater rivers of north New South Wales to south Queensland. Myxus elongatus inhabits in temperate waters of Australia, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Gracilimugil argenteus is limited to southern coasts of Australia from Cardwell in Queensland to Geraldton in Western Australia and Paramugil georgii is confined to temperate and tropical coastal waters of Australia. Aldrichtta forsteri is restricted to temperate waters of Australia and New Zealand. The most diversity in Australian mullets is observed in tropical waters of north Queensland, Northern Territory and north Western Australia. Liza macrolepis occurs in the waters of north and north-east Australia. There is no record of Neomyxus leuciscus, Cestraeus spp., Liza affinis, Valamugil speigleri and Valamugil perusii in Australian Waters. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xiii, 397 leaves ill

Various cytological, physiological and biochemical properties of the blood have been examined in different life cycle stages of the lamprey Geotria australia. Initial experiments to determine physiologically realistic upper temperatures yielded an ultimate lethal temperature for larvae of 28.3oC. Since this value is comparatively low, it helps explain the restriction of G. australis to more southern rivers in Australia. The haematocrit (46.2%), red blood cell number (1.231 X 106 cells mm-3) and haemoglobin concentration (11.8g 100ml-l) of adult G. australis are more typical of comparable stages in holarctic lampreys than those of their ammocoetes (41.5%, 1.809 106 cells mm-3, 11.1 g 100 ml-1). During metamorphosis, the pattern of change in haemopoietic sites, haemoglobin electropherograms and the proportion of mature erythrocytes, indicate that erythrocytes containing larval and adult haemoglobins always originate in different structures. The molecular weights (c 17000) and pI values (5.1-6.4) of G. australis haemoglobins are similar to those of other lampreys. The P50 of larval blood is very low, while that of adult blood is more comparable to that of other lampreys (cf. 0.92 mm Hg for ammocoete and 10.3 mm Hg for adult at pH 7.75 and 15oC). Increases in temperature do not affect the Bohr shift (range -0.16 to -0.27) but are accompanied by a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the right. The major plasma iron binding proteins have molecular weights of 354,000 in the ammocoete and 296,000 in the adult and contain 20 and 4 subunits respectively. The larval IBP is thus ferritin-like while that of the adult is transferring-like, features consistent with their respective pI values, Fe/protein ratios and ultrastructure. Total plasma iron was 19,760 ug 100 ml-1 in larvae and 34 ug 100 ml-1 in adults. Iron granules were present in the columnar cells of the posterior intestine in small or negligible amounts in the Petromyzonidae and in very large amounts in the Mordaciidea. While some iron was found in the same location in the Geotriidae, it was also present in very large concentrations elsewhere in the body. The high haemoglobin concentration and blood iron levels, and the large iron deposits and the low P50 in larval G. australis, probably represent adaptations to reduced environmental oxygen tensions.

Thesis (M.A.)--Humboldt State University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-64). Also available via Humboldt Digital Scholar.

Zugl.: Heidelberg, Pädag. Hochsch., Diss.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1941. / Bibliography: p. 141-144.

Thesis (M.S.)--Queen's University, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-101).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.