The Canadian agricultural sector was recognised as a potential seller of carbon offset credits in the domestic emission trading system. A number of beneficial management practices may reduce GHG emissions while increasing production efficiency and profitability of agricultural activities. A contingent valuation survey was used to estimate the carbon offset price at which feedlot operators in Ontario would adopt two management practices that reduce GHG emissions: adding roasted soybean seeds to a cattle diet and increasing the intensity of feedlot operations. The value elicitation questions to estimate the mean WTA compensation were designed using a multiple bounded discrete choice format developed by Welsh and Poe (1998). / It was estimated that at a carbon offset price of $ 25.14/t CO2 e provided enough incentive for feedlot operators to intensify their operations and a price of $ 109.51/t CO2e to change their feeding strategies. The mean willingness to accept a cost to change a conventional practice to a greenhouse gas emissions reducing practice was estimated to be 62% of the carbon revenue. The regression analysis demonstrated that producers' willingness to accept compensation was influenced by the individual's characteristics, farm structure variables, and practice attributes. Policy makers may use these results in the design of greenhouse gas reduction strategies for the beef sector.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 275-282). / x, 282 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Bonn, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-234).

Thesis (DTech(Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013 / The environment is polluted by many gases of which carbon dioxide is one of them and unfortunately during the emission of carbon dioxide, oxygen, which is very important for keeping all species alive, is depleted. Increased industrial activities led to more emission of carbon dioxide and ultimately global warming arose as a result of the greenhouse effect. Global warming has resulted with high temperatures and carbon dioxide production in the atmosphere and it was necessary to come up with mathematical modelling to investigate processes that may try to reduce temperature rise, carbon dioxide emission and oxygen depletion in a stockpile of combustible material. The work done in this thesis considered three differential equations, first for temperature behaviour, second for oxygen depletion and third for carbon dioxide emission. The three equations were solved simultaneously for a reactive slab of combustible material. An exothermic reaction in a stockpile of combustible material results due to the reaction of oxygen with reactive hydrocarbon material and the products are usually heat and carbon dioxide. A detailed discussion on this part is given in chapter 1, and also some definitions of terms applied in this work, together with literature review, statement of problem, aim of the study, objectives of the study and methodology are part of the chapter. In chapter 2, the nonlinear partial differential equations governing the process are derived.

Mitigating climate change lies to a large part within the Energy System. In order to make it sustainable and efficient, policies have to be framed accordingly. This study focuses on formulation of policies based on future projections of the energy demand in Oskarshamn municipality of Sweden. Oskarshamn is a former industrial municipality, whose economic activity is in decline and it requires policies that accelerates its growth. It is also stereo-typical of much of Europe, as industrial activities are transferred elsewhere and regions are left to re-invent themselves. Questions such as “how to make the existing system more efficient” and “what is the best energy saving alternative”, have to be answered. For which, Long range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) tool is used to create scenarios based on different pathways and to project the energy demand in the future. The business as usual scenario is compared with mitigation scenario considering various energy efficiency measures. The measures mainly focus on Demand Side Management and improving energy lifestyle interactions. Examples include the impact of electric vehicles (EV) in the transport sector and effects of better insulation in residential buildings, etc. Nuclear is currently the main source and would possibly be phased out in the horizon and thus creating a need for alternative and sustainable sources of energy. The renewable energy scenario focuses on proposals for mixing renewable fuels in the energy supply side. These are not without costs and opportunities which are discussed in the study. The outcomes work a clear delineation of Greenhouse gas mitigation options, which in collaboration with the municipality would form the basis for a policy action plan.

Most co-benefits studies have been conducted on local or national scales. However, we find that for a coordinated international GHG reduction, much of the air quality and health benefits come from GHG reductions in foreign nations. This is particularly true for ozone, which has a longer atmospheric lifetime than PM2.5, and which is affected by methane reductions. Together these findings show that co-benefits for air quality and health are greater when GHG reductions are coordinated with other nations. These results also show that previous co-benefits studies on local or national scale may significantly underestimate the total co-benefits by omitting i.) the benefits of domestic pollutant reductions for regions outside of the domain considered, and ii.) the benefits of foreign GHG reductions if the domestic reduction is coordinated with international action.

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Graduation date: 2005 / Best scan available for tables and figures.