The city of Nairobi, Kenya, is plagued by the aching problem of multitudes of stagnant churches cramping the metropolis amidst a few mega churches. This research aims to identify the factors of revitalization in selected churches that have succeeded in bringing about a turnaround in this urban context and to propose a model feasible for revitalizing stagnant churches in the city. The researcher wants to go beyond acknowledging the urban church growth problem of stagnation by seeking to understand the perceptions of numerical growth amongst church leaders and the members of six selected churches that have undergone a turnaround in Nairobi. These churches are: African Inland Church; All Nations Gospel Church; Deliverance Church; Gospel Revival Centre Church; Pentecostal Assemblies of God; and Uthiru Pentecostal Church. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods, questionnaires were administered to 600 randomly selected church members from six selected churches, while face-to-face interviews were conducted with 100 pastors and church leaders. The analysis of both research instruments led to the discovery of perceptions of what constitutes the factors of stagnation and revitalization at the different stages of each congregation. In order to develop a proposed model of revitalization for the metropolis, eight critical elements of revitalization common to all the churches were identified and analysed as normative turnaround elements. Two groups of supplementary factors of revitalization were noted in addition: common factors that address converts’ entry points and membership expectations, and non-common issues that may not be applicable universally, but nevertheless play significant roles in church growth, depending on the context and strategy that a local congregation opts for. The research contributes to the understanding of urban mission work and church growth within the context of a growing African metropolis like Nairobi. A few urban mega churches colour the perception of missiologists and church historians on the plight of sprawling stagnant congregations on the African continent. The implication that this holds for urban missio Dei is the wholesale marketing and misapplication of the strategies used by big churches to small congregations, leading to an increased decline in membership and eventual retardation of the salvation of the city. Furthermore, the city church perceives spiritual growth to be subsumed in the pursuit of numerical growth, and that God is where the ‘church’ is, leading to a gulf between growth and grace in the urban mission work of Nairobi. Churches stagnate not because of a lack of external inducement to growth (the existence of which is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition to church growth), but the absence of internal growth dynamics. This originates with a weak and non-credible pastor that has lost vision and passion for sacrificial ministry to a congregation that is adrift in the church boat of socio-political wrangling and misplaced kingdom priorities. The church begins to grow when it starts to act out its calling as salt and light in the world. Again, churches grow inside out and the turnaround experience is a product of strong pastoral leadership that is surrounded by a balanced mix of well mobilized and enabled members serving in all units of church ministries. When set in motion, such a revitalization process will propel the urban church to both quantitative and qualitative growth that would prepare it in readiness for its place in the New Jerusalem where “all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues” will gather with the shout of the final hallelujah “to him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb” that “was slain to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength and honour and glory and praise” (Rev. 5:12, 13). / Thesis (Ph.D. (Missiology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Mannheim, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--University of Turku, Finland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nebraska, 1916. / Vita. Published also in Nebraska university. University studies, vol. XVI, nos. 1-2, p.l-89. Bibliography: p. 88-89.

Thesis (doctoral)--Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen, 1998.

The quantification of skeletal data is one way in which to demonstrate variation in human growth. In South Africa, few researchers have assessed patterns of growth in immature mandibles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate growth and sexual dimorphism in the mandible from the period of 31 gestational weeks to 36 months. A total of 74 mandibles were used, skeletal tissues were sourced from the Raymond A. Dart Collection (University of Witwatersrand), and cadaveric remains were obtained from the University of Pretoria and the University of Witwatersrand. The sources of cadaver materials (both bequeathment and unclaimed remains) included local provincial hospitals. The sample was divided into four groups, namely 31 to 40 gestational weeks (group1), 0 to 11 months (group 2), 12 to 24 months (group 3), and 25 to 36 months (group 4). Twenty-one osteological landmarks were digitized using a MicroScribe G2. Ten standard measurements were created and included: the longest length of mandible, mandibular body length and width, mandibular notch width and depth, mental foramen to inferior border of mandible, mandibular basilar widths bigonial and biantegonial, bigonial width of mental foramen and mental angle. Data were analyzed using PAST statistical software and Morphologika2 v2.5. For the linear measurements, no statistically significant difference between either the foetal and up to 12 month groups or the 2 to 3 years groups. However, statistically significant increases with age were noted between 12 and 24 months for nine variables. This can be associated with growth of the mandibular arch, development and eruption of the dentition and development of the masticatory structures. No evidence of sexual dimorphism was observed until age 3, where the mental angle and mandibular notch were significantly larger in females than males. In conclusion, the mandible develops and grows so as to accommodate development of the tongue, mastication and dental eruption. Future research that considers the influence of secular trends on mandibular growth is needed. AFRIKAANS : Die kwantifisering van skeletale data is ‘n betroubare metode om variasie in menslike groei aan te toon. Slegs enkele Suid-Afrikaanse navorsers, het groeipatrone in onvolwasse mandibulae nagevors. Die doel van hierdie studie was om groei en geslagsdimorfisme in die mandibula vanaf 31 gestasie weke tot 36 maande na geboorte te evalueer. ‘n Totaal van 74 mandibulae was gebruik. Skeletale weefsel uit die Raymond A. Dart Versameling (Universiteit van die Witwatersrand), en kadaweroorskot van die Universiteite van Pretoria en van die Witwatersrand was verkry. Die oorsprong van kadawermateriale (beide skenkings en onopgeëisde oorskot) het plaaslike provinsiale hospitale ingesluit. Die steekproef was verdeel in vier groepe, naamlik 31 to 40 gestasie weke (groep1), 0 tot 11 maande (groep 2), 12 tot 24 maande (groep 3), en 25 tot 36 maande (groep 4). MicroScribe, G2 is aangewend om 21 standaard antropometriese landmerke te digitiseer. Hieruit is 10 standaard antropometriese afmetings geskep o.a.: langste lengte van mandibula, lengte en breedte van corpus mandibula, afstand tussen foramen mentalis en inferior grens, basale wydte bigoniaal en biantegoniaal, bigoniale wydte van foramen mentalis asook mentale hoek. Inligting is d.m.v. PAST statistiese sagteware en Morphologika2 v2.5 ontleed. Volgens die Kruskal-Wallis-toets was die verskille tussen groepe 1 en 2, asook 3 en 4 statisties onbeduidend. Alle afmetings by groepe 2 en 3 het beduidende toenames getoon, behalwe dié van die afstand tussen foramen mentalis en inferior grens. Die veranderings mag die gevolg wees van die groei van die mandibula en koustrukture. Geslagsdimorfisme was aantoonbaar in groep 4, by die mentale hoeke (p=0.03) asook dimensies van die incisura mandibularis (p=0.0006), waar dié van vroulike individue groter was. Voor geboorte vergroot die arcus mandibularis om die ontwikkelende tong te huisves, terwyl dit na geboorte verander om die koustrukture te huisves. Gevolglik hermodelleer en groei die been as aanpassing vir die kouproses en om strukturele integreteit te behou. Geslagsdimorfisme word ook beïnvloed deur die kouproses. Die meeste veranderinge, veral dié van die koustrukture, was duideliker in vroulike individue. Toekomstige navorsing wat die invloed van sekulêre tendense op die groei van die mandibula oorweeg, is nodig. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Anatomy / unrestricted

The GKSA seems to be in a weak condition concerning the Missio Dei. There is a drastic decline in membership, a weak impact on society and a crisis in following our calling. This study aims to explore the relationship between the Missio Dei and the missional church. The Biblical principles for aligning a church with the Missio Dei will be analysed. Eventually, I will propose a preliminary paradigm for transforming an ingrown church into a missional church. The question addressed in this study is what principles should a church follow to be a part of the Missio Dei and therefore become a missional church? / MTh (Missiology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

The GKSA seems to be in a weak condition concerning the Missio Dei. There is a drastic decline in membership, a weak impact on society and a crisis in following our calling. This study aims to explore the relationship between the Missio Dei and the missional church. The Biblical principles for aligning a church with the Missio Dei will be analysed. Eventually, I will propose a preliminary paradigm for transforming an ingrown church into a missional church. The question addressed in this study is what principles should a church follow to be a part of the Missio Dei and therefore become a missional church? / MTh (Missiology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Because of the inability to deal with traumatic and stressful situations it often happens that a person dissociates. These people then 'move out of the situation', so to speak. The dissociated person can be spiritually, emotionally and physically handicapped for life. In the long term it often results in depression, feelings of guilt, relationship problems, social maladjustment, as well as addiction to medication. Pastoral counselling to this person (as part of a multidisciplinary approach) often results in a decline of the symptoms and a normalisation of the person's situation. From the basis-theoretical research it became clear that throughout history God is present in a very prominent way in the life of the individual. Right from the very beginning at conception, until old age, He is intensely involved. God created man in His image but through sin this image was distorted. Because of His love for man, however, He fulfilled His promise of restoration and healing in and through Jesus Christ. It appears that knowledge regarding the phenomenon of dissociation dates back to as early as 400 BC. Research since the early 1990's onwards resulted in numerous publications, articles and books being written on the topic of dissociation. In thls study, emphasis was placed on a number of such relevant contributions. The specific characteristics of the dissociated person, practical guidelines for counselling hirnlher as proposed by psychology, as well as pastoral psychologists were discussed. It became evident that contributions and research in the field from a psychological perspective seem to be much more advanced compared to what has been done by theologians to date. For this reason it is imperative that pastoral counsellors become more acquainted with the theme of dissociation. With regard to methodology, the eclectic approach proved to be the best option. This will enable the pastoral counsellor in hidher guidance of the dissociated person to draw on the wealth and variety of contributions and perspectives fiom both the psychological and the theological domains. As a result of and flowing forth from the basis-theoretical and meta-theoretical perspectives, practice-theoretical guidelines were formulated according to which pastoral guidance can be provided to the dissociated person. Special emphasis was placed on a multidisciplinary approach where full recognition was given to the possible contributions by psychologists, psychiatrists, medical doctors and others. As part of the preparation for counselling the dissociated person, attention was given to the importance of prayer support. With regard to the counselling process itself, the following five phases appeared to be of significance: introductory prayers, consultation and discussion, prayer as part of the therapeutic process, the development of life skills, and spiritual growth after the therapeutic process. Because of the cultic and ritual abuse that some victims have been exposed to, it is possible that apart from fragmented sub-personalities, demonic influences may also be present. It is thus of extreme importance to distinguish between these two areas, and the counsellor must be well equipped with the necessary knowledge and experience to handle this complicated issue. From this study it became evident that there is a special need for pastoral guidance of the dissociated person by counsellors who are well acquainted with the complexities of this field. Scientific knowledge, together with a pastoral focus as well as total dependence upon the therapeutic power of the Holy Spirit, is indeed a 'winning recipe'. / Thesis (M.A. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

Classroom observation - particularly the post observation conference - is one of the most important aspects of staff development. The headmaster should create the climate in which the teacher has scope for self-development. During and especially after the class observation, it is imperative that the headmaster provides a restful, relaxed atmosphere, particularly for the post observation conference. This conference is of the utmost importance, as it provides feedback to the teacher on how another knowledgeable person experiences his presentation of a lesson. This research initially focused on staff development, what it entails and how it can be utilized by headmasters in schools. A closer look was taken at the post observation conference after a classroom observation, a questionnaire was distributed among the headmasters of various schools and the paper closes with recommendations and definite guidelines to headmasters. It is important for the school to be a pleasant working environment, where mutual respect and trust should exist. In such a climate, it is possible for the headmaster, during the post observation conference, to make recommendations and give advice without causing any hurt-feelings, enabling the teacher to develop professionally. A staff development plan with clear goals and target dates should ultimately be compiled. / Skripsie (MEd (Onderwysbestuur))--PU vir CHO, 1996