A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2014.

Thesis MMed (Paediatrics), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand / INTRODUCTION: Improved survival of VLBW infants is raising several management issues. An example is that of growth and growth monitoring. AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess the growth of a cohort of VLBW infants born at CMJAH from term CGA to 20 months CGA. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 139 VLBW infants (birth weight ≤ 1500g) born at CMJAH between 1 July 2006 and 28 February 2007. RESULTS: Comparison with a term growth reference showed initial growth failure followed by gradual catch up growth but with persistent deficits in length for age. Comparison with international VLBW references showed similar growth for weight and head circumference for age but with deficits in length for age. Growth parameters of the study sample were similar to those of other South African VLBW infants. CONCLUSION: Growth and growth monitoring in VLBW infants is complicated by characteristic growth patterns, high associated morbidity, controversies surrounding ideal growth and lack of an ideal growth reference. Significant deficits in length for age in the study sample may have been due to the large proportion of infants born SGA and the high prevalence of stunting in South African children. Current recommendations for growth monitoring of VLBW infants include the use of a VLBW reference up to two years CGA followed by a term growth reference thereafter

Thesis advisor: Rosen Valchev / The current rise in nationalist sentiments and emphasis on developing immigration policies around the world led to the question of how have attitudes towards immigration and non-native people affected the differences in economic growth across post-communist countries in the Central and Eastern Europe regions? Using survey data from two waves of the World Value Survey as well as quantitative control data and proxy variables, this study contradicts expectations based on current literature in that it shows how negative attitudes towards others are correlated with higher growth. Such results demonstrate what could be a recurring phenomenon for countries in transition. However, the possibilities of inaccurate survey responses and data limitations due to survey inconsistencies must be kept in mind. The following research is not an all-encompassing answer to the aforementioned question. Instead, it illustrates a divergence from current literature and demonstrates a need for continuous investigation into how personal values are affecting nations as a whole. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2019-05-01. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: . / Discipline: . / Thesis advisor:

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Medicine (MSc Med). / Repeated infection in early life can induce malnutrition and growth impairment due to the insufficiency of nutrients required to meet the increasing need for nutrients of a growing child, for growth. Infection causes an increase in metabolism and rate of tissue breakdown with a resultant need for extra nutrient intake. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of repeated fever on growth in young guinea pigs. Ten guinea pigs were studied from birth to approximately 60 days of age. At weaning age, guinea pigs were implanted with telemeters to measure body temperature. Then the guinea pigs were grouped into: An experimental group (n=5) receiving muramyl- dipeptide (MDP), and a control group (n=5) receiving normal saline injections. Eight injections per animal were given over the experimental period. Body weights of all animals were measured every 4 days while food intake was measured daily / IT2018

Gorgonopsia represent a group of specialised carnivorous therapsids that filled the role of apex predator during the Late Permian of Gondwana. Skull size in the Gorgonopsia ranges from that of a cat, to larger than any extant, terrestrial predator. Despite this degree of size variation, the observed morphological variation in the skull is relatively conservative. This study set out to better understand the extent of size and morphological variation among species attributed to the South African genus, Aelurognathus, with the aim of possibly refining the taxonomy of the genus. Aelurognathus was chosen, as it contains the largest number of described specimens (16) of any of the Rubidgeinid genera. Previous work has led to numerous revisions to the taxonomic assignment of each specimen, at both the generic and specific levels. All available specimens were studied and morphological differences at both the intraspecific and interspecific levels noted. Morphological variations allowed for the division of the six previously recognised species into three morphotaxa based on the character state of the preparietal and the extent of contact by the frontal on the supraorbital margin. Both characters have been shown to vary among individuals of extant taxa. Taking this into account, a hypothesis that all 16 specimens represent a single taxon, exhibiting a high degree of morphological variation, was tested using allometric techniques. Linear measurements of the skull were selected, such that variation in skull size and shape was accounted for in all dimensions. Results of the bivariate analyses showed a high level of correlation with the bivariate fitted lines plotted, supporting the single taxon hypothesis. While Aelurognathus has previously been divided into six species, using morphological characters, this study has shown that the characters used in the past have been unreliable. As such it is proposed that all species attributed to Aelurognathus be synonymised with the type, Aelurognathus tigriceps.

No description available.

by Yuk-Yee Tam. / Bibliography: leaves 124-132 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985

by Tai-Tung Yip. / Bibliography: leaves 191-199 / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985

by Lee Kwong Man, Simon. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 88-94. / ABSTRACT --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.IV / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.V / Chapter CHAPTER ONE - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO - --- STRUCTURE OF CARTILAGE / Chapter 2.1 --- Characteristics of Cartilage --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Types of Cartilage --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3 --- Matrix --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Collagen --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Proteoglycan --- p.7 / Chapter 2.4 --- Diffusion of Solultes in Cartilage --- p.9 / Chapter 2.5 --- Chondroytes --- p.10 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE - --- PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES WITHIN CARTILAGE / Chapter 3.1 --- Endochondral Ossification --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2 --- Hormone Responses on Cartilage --- p.16 / Chapter 3.3 --- Degradative enzymatic system --- p.17 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Evidence for the Role of Enzymes in osteoarthritis --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Neutral Protease Acivity --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Neutal proteases in osteoarthritis --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Collagenase activity in articular cartilage --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR - --- METHODOLOGIES / Chapter 4.1 --- Isolation of Chick Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Countercurrent Centrifugal Elutriation --- p.25 / Chapter 4.3 --- Size Determination of Chondrocytes --- p.26 / Chapter 4.4 --- Chondrocyte Cell Culture --- p.28 / Chapter 4.5 --- Flow Cytometry Cell Cycle Analysis of Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.28 / Chapter 4.6 --- Thymidine Incorporation Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.29 / Chapter 4.7 --- Sulfur Incorporation Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.30 / Chapter 4.8 --- Hyalurondiase Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.31 / Chapter 4.9 --- Alkaline Phosphatase Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.32 / Chapter 4.10 --- Acid Phosphatase Assay --- p.33 / Chapter 4.10.1 --- Total Acid Phosphatase Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.33 / Chapter 4.10.2 --- Optimal pH Determination of Phosphatase in Isolated Chondrocytes --- p.33 / Chapter 4.10.3 --- Enzyme Kinetics of Acid Phosphatase of Isolated Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.34 / Chapter 4.10.4 --- Tartrate Inhibition Effect on Acid Phosphatase of Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.35 / Chapter 4.10.5 --- Distribution of Acid Phosphatase Isoenzymes Among Chondrocytes of Different Size --- p.35 / Chapter 4.11 --- Hormonal Effects on Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase Activities in Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.36 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE - --- RESULTS / Chapter 5.1 --- Morphology of the Isolated Chick Chondrocytes --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2 --- Countercurrent Centrifugal Elutriation VI --- p.39 / Chapter 5.3 --- Thymidine Incorporation Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.44 / Chapter 5.4 --- Flow Cytometer Cell Cycle Analysis of Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.44 / Chapter 5.5 --- Sulfate Incorporation Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes --- p.48 / Chapter 5.6 --- Hyaluronidase Assay on Elutriated Chondrocytes on --- p.48 / Chapter 5.7 --- Alkaline Phosphatase Assay on Elutriaed Chondrocytes --- p.48 / Chapter 5.8 --- Acid Phosphatase Assay --- p.52 / Chapter 5.8.1 --- pH Curve of Phosphatase in Isolated Chondrocytes --- p.52 / Chapter 5.8.2 --- Enzyme Kinetics of Acid Phosphatase oflsolated Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.52 / Chapter 5.8.3 --- Tartrate Inhibition Effect on Acid Phosphatae of Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.55 / Chapter 5.8.4 --- Distribution of Acid Phosphatase Isoenzymes Among Chondrocytes in Different Size --- p.57 / Chapter 5.9 --- Hormonal Effects on Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase Activities in Growth Plate and Articular Chondrocytes --- p.59 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX - --- DISCUSSION / Chapter 6.1 --- Identification of Chondrocyte Subpopulations --- p.63 / Chapter 6.2 --- Characterization of Chondrocyte Subpopulations --- p.72 / Chapter 6.3 --- Characterization of Acid Phosphatase in Chick Chondrocytes --- p.74 / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.84 / LIST OF TABLES --- p.87 / REFERENCES --- p.88 / Chapter APPENDIX I --- Principle of Countercurrent Centrifugal Elutriation --- p.95 / Chapter APPENDIX II --- Principle of Flow Cytometry --- p.98 / Chapter APPENDIX III --- Reagents for Experiments --- p.103

by Lee Kwong Man, Simon. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 239-277). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.vi / PUBLICATIONS --- p.vii / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.viii / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.xi / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- Identification and Biochemical Characterization of Various Differentiative Growth Plate Chondrocytes by Countercurrent Centrifugal Elutriation --- p.8 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- Differential Expression of Glycoconjugates during Endochondral Ossification in Porcine Growth Plate --- p.50 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- Intra- & Extra-Cellular Free Calcium Activities of Porcine Growth Plate Chondrocytes at Various Stages of Maturation --- p.90 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- A New In Situ Model for Electrophysiological Characterization of Ionic Channels in Growth Plate Chondrocytes --- p.144 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- Effects of Quinolones on Growth Plate Chondrocytes --- p.201 / Chapter CHAPTER SEVEN --- Summary and Conclusion --- p.226 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.239