This study examines the accessibility and barriers that Polish immigrants face in public gynecological care in Sweden and explains their attitudes towards and frequency of gynecological visits. To understand attitudes of the research group, the study explores their knowledge about basic gynecological health topics such as Pap and HPV tests, HPV infections and vaccinations. Qualitative ethnographic methods were used in this research. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 to 45-year old Polish women living in Stockholm, Sweden. Analysis was performed using descriptive and theoretical approaches. The results indicate several barriers to fully adapt to the Swedish healthcare system for Polish women. The barriers included the lack of understanding of how Swedish gynecological care works (division of specializations), problems in finding specialist care, an insufficient number of specialists, a lack of information in English or Polish, and a limited amount of knowledge among study participants about HPV tests and vaccinations. The adaptation of Polish immigrants to the Swedish system and their level of trust is influenced by their first experiences in Sweden, health literacy, experiences with the Polish private gynecological system, and the attitudes of partners and family with Swedish backgrounds or those who have long term experiences in Sweden.

La santé sexuelle des femmes touchées par un cancer gynécologique peut être affectée par la maladie et ses traitements. Même si l’infirmière est une professionnelle de choix pour aborder la discussion sur ce sujet, de nombreuses études constatent que la communication est minimale en raison d’un manque de formation et de connaissances en santé sexuelle. Peu d’interventions éducatives sont répertoriées pour améliorer la communication des infirmières intervenant auprès de cette clientèle. Cette étude avait pour but de tester et de documenter la faisabilité, l’expérience d’apprentissage et les retombées d’une simulation en ligne réalisée avec une patiente partenaire pour améliorer la communication des infirmières en santé sexuelle chez la clientèle gynéco-oncologique. Une étude de faisabilité utilisant une approche qualitative a été réalisée auprès de 11 infirmières œuvrant avec la clientèle oncologique. Une analyse thématique itérative a été effectuée. Les résultats indiquent que l’activité de simulation en ligne est faisable selon plusieurs indicateurs (p. ex., contexte, ressources). L’expérience d’apprentissage a été décrite comme offrant des interactions réalistes avec une patiente partenaire et encourageant un apprentissage actif et sécuritaire malgré une structure pédagogique pouvant entraver la collaboration en groupe. Les résultats suggèrent que cette intervention pourrait avoir plusieurs retombées positives entre autres sur l’amélioration des connaissances et des habiletés de communication en santé sexuelle oncologique. Cette étude a permis de proposer une intervention éducative novatrice pour améliorer la communication infirmière en matière de santé sexuelle gynéco-oncologique. Différentes recommandations énoncées soulignent l’importance de poursuivre le développement des connaissances et de la formation infirmière en santé sexuelle gynéco-oncologique. / Nursing communication with the gynecological cancer clientele about their sexual health threatened by cancer and its treatments is suboptimal due to the lack of training and knowledge in this field. Few educational interventions exist to improve communication about sexual health among nurses working in Canadian cancer care settings. The aim of this study was to test and to document the feasibility, the learning experience and the effects of an online simulation with a patient-partner to improve nursing communication on sexual health with gynecological cancer clientele. A feasibility study using a qualitative approach was conducted with 11 nurses working with cancer patients. An iterative thematic analysis was performed. The results suggest that the online simulation activity is feasible according to several indicators (e.g., context, resources). The learning experience has been perceived as providing realistic nursing interactions with a patient-partner and encouraging active and safe learning despite an educational structure that may hinder group collaboration. The results indicate that this intervention could have several positive effects, including improving knowledge and communication skills about sexual health in cancer. In sum, this study has proposed an innovative educational intervention to improve nursing communication on sexual health after gynecological cancer. Many recommendations have been elaborated and emphasize the importance of continuing professional development and nursing training in sexual health with cancer patients.

In der klinischen Diagnostik gewinnt die Untersuchung des Ernährungszustandes zunehmend an Bedeutung. Denn die Güte des Ernährungszustandes hat einen Einfluss auf die Mortalität und Morbidität der Patienten. Zur groben Evaluierung des Ernährungszustandes dient der Body Mass Index (BMI). Eine differenzierte Beurteilung des Ernährungszustandes wird durch die Analyse der Körperzusammensetzung erreicht. Die phasensensitive bioelektrische Impedanzanalyse (BIA) ist eine schnelle, preisgünstige und nicht-invasive Methode zur Messung der Körperzusammensetzung. Insbesondere der Phasenwinkel, der ein direkter Messparameter der BIA ist, gibt einen schnellen Überblick über den Ernährungszustand der Patienten. Er spiegelt das Verhältnis von Extrazellulärmasse zu Körperzellmasse wieder, welches in vielen Studien als Indikator zur frühzeitigen Erfassung einer beginnenden Mangelernährung validiert wurde. Bei der Applikation einer Chemotherapie ist es von großer Bedeutung, dass die vorgesehene Dosis und Dosisintensität der Therapie eingehalten wird. Insbesondere unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen sind häufig für Dosisreduktionen und Verschiebungen der Chemotherapie verantwortlich. In einer prospektiven Studie wurde bei 40 Frauen, die sich aufgrund eines gynäkologischen Malignoms einer Chemotherapie unterzogen haben, die Körperzusammensetzung mit der BIA vor jedem Chemotherapiezyklus gemessen. Diese Studie zeigt, dass durch die Messung der Körperzusammensetzung ein Risikokollektiv, welches für Nebenwirkungen der Therapie anfällig ist, ermittelt werden kann. Der Body Mass Index (BMI) erwies sich als unzureichender Parameter zur Beschreibung des Ernährungszustandes der Patientinnen. Insbesondere muss mit einer erhöhten Rate von Nebenwirkungen der Chemotherapie bei einem verminderten Phasenwinkel, welcher einen reduzierten Ernährungszustand widerspiegelt, gerechnet werden. / In clinical diagnostics the nutritional status is becoming more and more of interest. The nutritional status is closely connected with morbidity and mortality. It is usually evaluated by the body mass index (BMI). An exact estimation of nutritional status can be given by the measurement of body composition. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) allows a quick and non-invasive measurement of the body composition for each patient. A main point of interest is the phase angle, which is measured directly. It gives a prompt view on the nutritional status. There is a relation between the phase angle and the ECM/BCM-Ratio, a sensitive marker for early signs of malnutrition which was validated in many studies. For patients receiving chemotherapy (CT) it is especially important that the application of the therapy is administered in the right dose and dose intensity. Adverse events often lead to a dose reduction or delay of CT administration. In a prospective clinical study we measured consecutively 40 women receiving chemotherapy for a gynaecological malignancy. BIA was performed before each course of CT. The study demonstrates that an evaluation of the nutritional status can be used to predict the risk for adverse events in patients under chemotherapy. The BMI showed not to be a reliable parameter to estimate the nutritional status. A decreased phase angle which is a parameter for a reduced nutritional status showes that a higher rate of side effects in chemotherapy can be expected .

Title: Methods of secondary prevention of the pelvic floor after childbirth Objectives: This is a theoretical work with a descriptive-analytical part. It includes an analysis of the literature from available sources, an analysis of active approaches in the secondary prevention of the pelvic floor and the creation exercise unit for further research. Methods: Literature analysis including processing of information from available sources. Results: Handbook of pelvic floor training with methodical descriptions. Keywords: Pelvic girdle, pregnancy, gynecological weaknesses after childbirth, incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor examination, Arnold Kegel method, Ludmila Mojžíšová method, Alexander method, Feldenkrais method, Cantienica, exercise unit