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Head-space volatiles of marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra)Viljoen, AM, Kamatoua, GPP, Başer, KHC 01 October 2007 (has links)
The marula tree (Sclerocarya birrea, A. Rich.; Hoscht
subspecies caffra, Sond) is a member of the Anacardiaceae
which encompasses 73 genera and 600 species (Pretorius et al.,
1985). This tree is distributed throughout Africa with its
southern most location in the lowlands of KwaZulu-Natal
(South Africa) from where it extends northwards through
tropical Africa into Ethiopia and Sudan (VanWyk, 1974). Of all
fruit trees indigenous to South Africa, the marula has received
most attention in terms of domestication and commercialization
(Shackleton, 1996). Several products such as beer, juice, jam
and jelly have been developed from the mesocarp and
successfully marketed, the most recent being a marula liqueur
(Burger et al., 1987). Despite the traditional and commercial
uses, the flavour constituents remain poorly studied, especially
for the pericarp. Ripe marula fruit can be consumed by biting or
cutting through the thick leathery skin and sucking the juice or
chewing the mucilaginous flesh after removal of the skin. The
ripe fruit has an average vitamin C content of 168 mg/100 g
which is approximately three times that of oranges and
comparable to the amounts present in guavas (Wilson, 1980).
Bark and leaf infusions are often used to treat boils, malaria and
diarrhoea (Shone, 1979). The seed oil is used as cosmetic and to
preserve meat (Shone, 1979).
Despite the several commercial uses of marula, the volatile
constituents of the fruits are poorly studied. As part of the
investigation on South African fruit flavours, we reported here
the volatile constituents of the marula fruit pulp and the intact
whole fruit volatiles.
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Cool, calm and collected : the buffering effect of head cooling on stress.Robinson, Timothy Donald January 2012 (has links)
Most people would like to be less stressed. With our increasingly fast paced
and busy lives it appears that stress related issues are increasing, with the addition of
issues such as terrorist attacks, stress at times can be hard to avoid. Many studies have
found that cooling the brain is beneficial for those who have sustained traumatic brain
injuries and the process of cooling can often stop or prevent further damage (Qui et al,
2006). The body may also use a natural cooling mechanism, yawning, as a way of
keeping the brain at optimum temperature, so it can perform at its best (Gallup &
Gallup, 2008).There seems to be very little research on the effects of head cooling on
psychological variables. It was hypothesised that cooling would reduce stress levels
and when put in conjunction with a self-affirmation manipulation would decrease
stress levels even further. Participants had their ear temperature measured, filled out a
stress questionnaire and then were asked to sit in between two fans for 12 minutes.
Their ear temperature was measured again, they then went on to complete another
questionnaire, some containing a self-affirmation manipulation and then went on to a
stressor task. Lastly, they received a final stress questionnaire. Results were
nonsignificant, yet general trends headed in the hypothesised direction. The
implications of the findings are discussed as are limitations and suggestions for future
research.
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The study of the neurophysiology of high strain rate nerve injuryYang, In Hong 30 September 2004 (has links)
The study of the mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI) processes at the cellular level is vital to obtain characterization of nerve cell damage after mechanical deformation. This understanding is needed to find feasible therapeutic targets for mechanically damaged neurons. To study the cellular level of TBI damage, development of a new in vitro cellular model of TBI might be done to simulate in vivo cellular TBI.
In this research, two studies were performed: (1) the design and construction of an in vitro cell stretching device to mechanically injure cells and (2) the characterization of the molecular and cellular level of the TBI mechanism. The cell stretching device design allows for the precise control of cell strain and duration of stretching cells such that TBI can be mimicked. Analysis of the cellular and molecular level mechanisms of TBI in the proposed in vitro model might help in the design of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of TBI. Our proposed mechanism of injury due to TBI is as follows: after the cell is stretched, a cellular signaling molecule is released to activate the cellular signaling pathway. The activated cell signal may activate kinases which phosphorylate proteins and initiate new protein synthesis. Newly phosphorylated and synthesized proteins may activate the apoptotic process.
Using a variety of pharmacological agents, one could block steps in the hypothesized mechanism and examine the effect of those agents on downstream cellular processes and cell apoptosis. For example, the inhibitions of calcium transport, protein synthesis, and caspases were performed to examine the initial activation of the signaling pathway and the role of both in the apoptosis process. Proteomics of TBI may help the understanding of the mechanism of TBI related protein expression. This work will contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and better treatments for TBI.
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Evaluating Risk Factors for Major Head Injuries in Nova Scotia: A Population-Based StudyDatta, Sheila 18 March 2011 (has links)
Background: Examining factors unique to major head injury (HI) etiogenesis can help reduce the burden of injury by identifying factors amenable to prevention. Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of HI in Nova Scotia. Risk and protective factors unique to HI were also examined specific to falls and Motor Vehicle Collision (MVC) injuries. Methods: Descriptive analyses and regression models were used to examine the socio-demographic profile of HI and associated risk factors using data from the Nova Scotia Trauma Registry. Results: Regression analyses for MVC-related injury found age, injury place, vehicle type and lack of safety restraint to be independently associated with an increased risk of HI. For falls-related injuries, age, time of trauma, injury mechanism and place were significant factors for a HI event. Conclusion: While HI share many similar characteristics to other major injuries, prevention programs must be aware of both common and unique risk factors for head injuries.
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Interaction Techniques using Head Mounted Displays and Handheld Devices for Outdoor Augmented RealityBudhiraja, Rahul January 2013 (has links)
Depending upon their nature, Outdoor AR applications can be deployed on head mounted displays (HMD) like Google glass or handheld Displays (HHD) like smartphones. This master’s thesis investigates novel gesture-based interaction techniques and applications for a HMD-HHD hybrid system that account for advantages presented by each platform. Prior research in HMD-HHD hybrid systems and gestures used in VR and surface computing were taken into account while designing the applications and interaction techniques. A prototype system combining a HMD and HHD was developed and four applications were created for the system. For evaluating the gestures, an application that compared four of the proposed gestures for selection tasks was developed. The results showed a significant difference between the different gestures and that the choice of gesture for selection tasks using a hybrid system depended upon application requirements like speed and accuracy.
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Theories of African fiction : writing between culturesRoss, Simon John January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
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Multimodal intra- and inter-subject nonrigid registration of small animal imagesLi, Xia, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering)--Vanderbilt University, Dec. 2007. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.
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The Melanesian community at Fingal : an experiment in ethnohistoriography.Hehir, Patricia Mary. January 1970 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (B.A.Hons. 1970) from the Dept. of History, University of Adelaide.
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Finite element application to head injury modelingMulabagula, Ranganatha Rao. January 1994 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, June, 1994. / Title from PDF t.p.
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Fractionated irradiation of salivary glands loss and protection of function /Funegård, Ulrika. January 1995 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå University, Sweden, 1995. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.
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