Because of the high and rapidly increasing cost of health care, wellness has become a significant issue for both health care practitioners and the general public. This research examines the issue of wellness and seeks to develop a model that identifies the factors that are most significant in explaining why people engage in wellness activities. A questionnaire was mailed to a sample (n = 499) randomly selected from the general population of the United States. Predictor variables are the demographic variables of age, income, education and gender together with the cognitive variables of self-actualization, benefits of wellness behavior, health locus of control and threat to health. Dependent variables are the health-seeking behaviors of exercise, stress management, nutrition, health responsibility and social support. Canonical correlation, t-tests, regression and analysis of variance are used to analyze the data. Chapter one presents two existing health models. The first presents prevention or threat to health and the second proposes self-actualization as motivating wellness behavior. The research model combines the two models. Chapter two presents relevant studies in the literature regarding use of multivariate models in consumer behavior, dimensions of wellness and empirical findings of wellness-related research. Chapter three presents the research hypotheses, research design and techniques of analysis. Chapter four presents analysis of the data and results of statistical tests. Conclusions and limitations of the research are discussed in chapter five along with recommendations for further research. The study finds threat to health as the strongest driver of wellness behavior followed closely by self-actualization thus supporting the study model. Results indicate that older persons and females perform more wellness behaviors than do younger individuals and males. Two 3-way interactions were found: (1) Income, age and marital status; (2) Education, age and marital status. Internal locus of control was not found to influence wellness behavior.

Cette thèse porte sur la relation entre communication et lutte contre le VIH/Sida en Afrique de l’Ouest, plus précisément au Niger. L’objet d’étude est appréhendé dans le champ des Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication, principalement dans le domaine de la « communication d’action et d’utilité sociétale ». Au Niger, la prévalence du VIH demeure faible : 0,7% (Enquête Démographique et de Santé du Niger, 2007). Mais les caractéristiques cumulées de ce pays révèlent un profil qui peut favoriser la propagation de la pandémie (pauvreté, freins socioculturels…). L’incidence du VIH est ainsi une question cruciale de santé publique dont la prévention est à l’heure actuelle la seule solution pour freiner la propagation.Nos travaux consistent d’abord à comprendre les enjeux communicationnels de cette prévention. La problématique questionne les pratiques des émetteurs (acteurs de prévention) qui ambitionnent de changer les comportements des récepteurs. Ensuite, la perspective structurante de ce travail pionnier au Niger est d’associer la communication à l’action, d’étudier d’une part le changement en actes associé au changement de significations et de valeurs et, d’autre part, l’institutionnalisation du changement. Le cadre théorique et méthodologique privilégié est celui du paradigme de la « communication engageante » (Joule, 2000 ; Bernard & Joule, 2004)- le passage des idées aux actes (et réciproquement)- pour combattre la pandémie du VIH/Sida. Enfin, nous étudions la notion de « communication instituante » (Joule & Bernard, 2005 ; Bernard, 2006)- le rôle des médias et des médiations pour instituer les changements en actes et les valeurs favorisant le passage de la responsabilité individuelle vers la responsabilité collective. / This Thesis is in relation between, communication, and the fight against HIV/AIDS in West Africa, precisely in Niger. The subject of this study is apprehended within the Science of Information and Communication field, mainly through the domain of “action of communication and societal utility”.In Niger, the prevalence of HIV stands low: 0, 7% (Health and Demographic survey in Niger, 2007). However, the cumulative characteristics of this country reveal a profile that could advantage the easy spread of the disease (poverty, socio cultural shortages…). The incidence of HIV remains a crucial problem for public health for which the prevention denotes to date the only way to stop the propagation of the disease. Firstly, our studies will involve the understanding of the communicational stakes of the disease prevention. The problematic will question the practices of the performers (those acting for prevention) which expect to change the behaviours of receptors. Secondly, the expected perspective of this work, pioneer in Niger, will be to link communication to action on the one hand, and on the other hand to study both the change in facts connected to the change in meanings and values and the implementation of this change. The theoretical and methodological background privileged is symbolized by the paradigm of the “binding communication” (Joule, 2000; Bernard & Joule, 2004) – going from ideas to facts (and reciprocally) – in order to fight against the HIV/AIDS disease. Finally, we will learn the notion of “establishing communication” (Joule & Bernard, 2005: Bernard, 2006) – the role of medias and mediations to found the changes in facts and values easing the passage from individual responsibility to collective responsibility.