Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1975. / Vita. Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-216.).

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009. / Title from title screen (site viewed July 21, 2009). PDF text: iii, 105 p. : ill. ; 103 Kb. UMI publication number: AAT 3349560. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

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Music is often studied in terms of its artistic value and expressiveness. While these are important characteristics, there are other observations we can make of scientific value, such as the effects of music on the human anatomy. At present, however, there is a general lack of scientific studies focusing on the effect music makes on specific physiological responses in the body. A limited range of these studies has included examinations of music preferences and correlating personality characteristics of participants, while some others have investigated the effects of music lessons on intelligence. While the previously mentioned research has contributed to some scientific understanding with regard to human physiology, it has not addressed how specific physiological processes of the human body responds to music. Through my own research, I hope to add to the body of musical research and health sciences, and help to close the gap between these two fields. In this study, one selection from a pool of five audio examples of different musical genres will be played to participants while their heart rate is monitored with a wrist-worn device in order to gauge possible differences in heart rate that might occur as they experience music. This assessment will also be paired with a self-perceived mood questionnaire by my participants in order to identify any correlations between the two. After my data collection is complete, I will statistically analyze the information and examine any parallels between the musical selections, genre, heart rate, and self-perceived mood. By analyzing this data, I hope to gain insight into possible human physiological responses as the subjects are exposed to different musical examples from various genres. I also hope to investigate the psychological realm of music, and determine its practical use in the medical field with regard to music therapy, which can lead to various treatments in post-traumatic stress disorder, and communicative diseases.

Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

The objective of this project is to develop a device that can monitor the heart rate and respiration of cetaceans. This would provide a way to quantitatively measure stress and determine the impact of human activity on cetaceans, especially for certain species that have been difficult to monitor in the past. There are many challenges to developing such a device, including determining the appropriate type of sensor, reducing the effect of flow noise, and designing an effective attachment method; this paper primarily focuses on determining the most suitable acoustic transducer. Experiments were conducted to compare various acoustic sensors in detecting heart rate. The electronic stethoscope performed the best in the experiments, but the results showed that other transducers, such as accelerometers and pressure sensors, also performed well and could be successful options with further development. Data processing methods to identify heartbeats and characterize signals are also discussed in this paper. Future work on the project involves subsequent tests to address other design variables as well as replicate experiments on animals.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur le développement et la mise au point d'un récupérateur d'énergie vibratoire MEMS à transduction capacitive dédié aux applications biomédicales et plus particulièrement aux stimulateurs cardiaques sans sondes autonomes. Cette application impose une miniaturisation poussée (volume inférieur à 1 cm³), une puissance de sortie dans la gamme allant de 1 à 10 µW et une compatibilité vis-à-vis des systèmes d'Imagerie à Résonance Magnétique (IRM). Ces contraintes ainsi que l'effet de la gravité ont été pris en compte sur tout le flot de conception afin d'obtenir un dispositif innovant en technologie MEMS silicium capable de fournir une puissance de sortie suffisante quelle que soit son orientation une fois implanté. Afin de convertir efficacement les battements cardiaques ayant un spectre étendu (de 1 à 50 Hz) pour une amplitude d'accélération faible (inférieure à 1 g), le système emploie des bras de suspension ayant une raideur non-linéaire ce qui permet d'étendre notablement la bande passante effective du système. Cette non-linéarité est ici induite de manière originale en faisant en sorte que la forme initiale des bras de suspension soit une combinaison linéaire des modes de déformée propre d'une poutre doublement encastrée. Un soin particulier a été apporté afin de modéliser ceci dans le but de prédire la réponse mécanique du système quels que soient les stimuli imposés. Afin de réaliser les différents dispositifs de test, une technologie MEMS de type SOG (Silicon-On-Glass) a été développée. Cette technologie permet d'obtenir des structures en silicium monocristallin avec un fort rapport d'aspect tout en limitant le budget thermique et se montre donc compatible avec une éventuelle industrialisation. Ceci a été prouvé via la réalisation de multiples véhicules de test qui se sont montrés totalement fonctionnels. Ainsi la pertinence des modèles théoriques permettant de prédire le comportement non-linéaire des ressorts employés a été prouvée de manière expérimentale. De même, les récupérateurs d'énergie réalisés ont été testés en régime harmonique mais également via des stimuli cardiaques et ont montré une large bande passante avec une puissance de sortie équivalente à celle donnée dans l'état de l'art et ce, quelle que soit leur orientation par rapport à la gravité. / Present work addresses question of MEMS capacitive vibrational energy harvesting for biomedical applications, and notably for powering an autonomous leadless pacemaker system. Such an application imposes several critical requirements upon the energy harvesting system, notably the sufficient miniaturization (<1cm³), power output in range of 1-10 µW, compatibility with Magnetic Resonant Imaging (MRI). This work addresses a problematic of MEMS energy harvester design, simulation, fabrication and characterization fulfilling such a requirement. Moreover, a gravity effect is studied and taken into account in the conception of the device to ensure the power output at various orientations of the harvester. To attain a heartbeat frequencies (1-50 Hz) and acceleration amplitudes (<1g), the use of nonlinear springs is proposed. A nonlinear stiffness is implemented in original way of introducing a natural bending mode shapes in the initial beam form. A mechanical description of bending mode coupling along with its impact on a reaction force of the suspension springs is presented. An innovative clean room technology based on silicon-on-glass (SOG) wafers is developed for the fabrication of the innovative energy harvesters with high width-to-depth aspect ratio. A straightforward and rapid low-temperature process with the possibility of future industrialization is validated by multiple experimental realizations of miniaturized MEMS energy harvesters. Fabricated microsystems are tested mechanically and electrically. Proposed theoretical model of the curved beam is validated with reactive force measurements of the MEMS springs. Energy harvesting experiments are performed for both harmonic and heartbeat mechanical excitations, which demonstrate the large bandwidth in low frequencies domain and a sufficiently large state-of-the-art power output for envisaged application under different orientations with respect to the gravity.

Since the introduction of a new type of anti-abortion legislation in the United States which bans abortions after a fetal heartbeat can be detected, women’s options regarding abortion are being limited. How “problems” are represented or constituted in legislation shows that problems are time, place and context dependant. By using Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach to policy analysis, problem representations and subjectification effects in the heartbeat bills were identified. The problem representation of abortion as “lack of information” emerged as the central problem representation and the subject positions that were made available limits women’s choices regarding abortion. Fetal rights emerged as the core of the argumentation in the legislation, excluding women’s rights. How the problem of abortion is represented to be, the subjectification effects and the way rights are used and argued for in antiabortion legislation shows how they effectively limits women’s abortion choices.

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