The diploma thesis deals with the design of nearly zero energy buildings. It focuses primarily on optimizing the thermal insulation thickness at a cost-optimal level. Based on energy consumption analysis, three heat sources are selected and then evaluated using an energy assessment. The building is evaluated in terms of energy, economic and environmental.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the energy assessment and elaboration of energy performance certificates of the building. The building is an apartment building in Vítkov. The theoretical part deals with centralized heat supply. The calculation part contains a more detailed description of individual relationships and calculation procedures that are used to process energy performance certificates of the building. Furthermore, proposals for measures to improve the energy performance of buildings. In this part there is also a proposal of individual equipment of the new boiler room and thermographic measurement. In the project part there is an energy assessment assessing the building in two variants with individual heat sources. The evaluation is carried out from an energy, economic and environmental aspect.

This work deals with the topic „Heating buildings building resources on different types of fuel in assessing economic benefits“. On this theme is elaborated theoretical part, then the topic is applied to the specified building. The project is design central heating, water heating, water heater design power unit. The project is designed in two versions. In the first variant are the heat source gas boilers. In the second variant are the heat source heat pumps.

This diploma thesis focuses on the design of heating and hot water reservoir in an apartment complex. For three variants of heat sources (gas condensing boiler, heat pump and electric boiler) is evaluated their economic profitability for heating and hot water heating. For the best selected heat sources is drawn up the technical solution of heating in the apartment complex.

The target of this master thesis is specify the requirements, which come up while summing the investment aim of a new 40MW energetic unit, and show the overall project management. Thesis is divided into two parts. First part deals with project management from the investors point of view. There is also detailed concept study, technological description of piston co-generation units and combined cycle, concept design of calculated variations and their economical analysis. Second part is taken from the point of view of the main supplier. There is defined the range of operations, documents and official permissions needed for successful finish of the civil part of the energetic unit project.

In diesem Beitrag wird über die erzielten Ergebnisse der durchgeführten simulativ-experimentellen Untersuchungen für additive Fertigung von komplexen Bauteilgeometrieflächen mittels 3D – Plasma-Auftragschweißen berichtet. Hierbei wurde mittels des 3D – Plasma-Pulver-Auftragschweißenes von komplexen Konturflächen für ein Werkzeugmodell und ähnliche Bauteilgeometrien aus reinem Schweißgut in Mehrlagentechnik beanspruchungsgerecht hergestellt. Infolge der Besonderheiten des 3D – Plasma-Auftragschweißenes mit großer Schweißgutvolumina wie stark abweichende Eigenschaften zwischen Grund-/ Auftragswerkstoff und asymmetrischer Wärmeeintrag sind die entstehenden Schrumpfungen, Verformungen/ Eigenspannungen besonders kritisch. Diese führen demzufolge zu Maß- und Formabweichungen sowie Bildung von Bauteilrissen, welche die Qualität der additiv plasma-auftraggeschweißten Bauteilstrukturen negativ beeinflussen können. Mittels des aufgebauten thermo-elastisch-plastischen Simulationsmodells wurden die auftretenden Temperaturfeldverteilung, Verformungen und Eigenspannungen während des additiven 3D – Plasma-Auftragschweißenes von Werkzeugkonturflächen vorausbestimmt und analysiert. Anhand des aufgebauten Ellipsoid-Wärmequellenmodells für Plasma-Pendelschweißprozess wurden die Temperaturfeldverteilung und deren Gradienten ermittelt. Darauf aufbauend wurden eine gekoppelte thermisch-elastisch-plastische struktur-mechanische Analyse durchgeführt. Mittels der Durchführung von werkstofflich-fertigungstechnischen Maßnahmen wie Verwendung von zähen Werkstofflegierungen, Grundköpervorwärmen und -festeinspannen wurden die damit entstehenden Bauteilverformung und -eigenspannungen simulativ kompensiert bzw. minimiert. Demzufolge wurden die damit erreichten Ergebnisse für die Herstellung endkonturnaher Werkzeugkonturflächen mit vordefinierten Schichteigenschaften praxisnah genutzt. Die dabei erreichten Simulationsergebnisse der Temperaturfeldverteilung und des Verformungs- und Eigenspannungszustandes präsentierten eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den Experimentresultaten.

The numerical simulation of a moving heat source from a fixed point observer is often done by discretely adjusting its position over the steps of a thermal transient analysis. The efficiency of these simulations is increased when using a coarse temporal discretization whilst maintaining the quality of results. One systematic error source is the rare update of a nonconstant moving heat source with regard to its magnitude and location. In this work, we present an analysis of the error and propose a correction approach based on conserving the specified heat from a continuous motion in analyses with large time-step sizes. Deficiencies associated with the correction in special motion situations are identified by means of performance studies and the approach is extended accordingly. The advantages of applying the proposed correction are demonstrated through examples.

The Madurai Block is the largest granulite block in Southern Granulite Terrain which lies between Palghat-Cauvary shear zone in the North and Achankovil shear zone in the South. This terrain underwent extreme crustal metamorphism under ultrahigh-temperature metamorphic conditions which provides vital information about the tectonic process of the lower crust. Ultrahigh temperature metamorphism was defined by Harley (1998b) as a subclass of granulite facies metamorphism of crustal rocks in which peak temperature exceeds 900°C at moderate pressures (7-13 kbar) in the deep crust. However, considering the lacunae about the present understanding of ultrahigh temperature metamorphism, the study attempts to identify the heat source and role of lower crustal fluids in high temperature metamorphism. To understand the role of lower crustal fluids, a case study on migmatised metapelites from the Kodaikanal region was done where the metapelites have undergone UHT metamorphism. In-situ electron microprobe Th-U-Pb isochron (CHIME) dating of monazites in a leucosome and surrounding silica saturated and silica under saturated restite from the same outcrop indicate three principal ages which can be linked in with the evolutionary history of these rocks. The monazite grains in leucosome sample show alteration along the rims. These altered rims are experimentally replicated in a monazite-leucosome experiment at 800°C and 200MPa. This experiment, coupled with earlier published monazite-fluid experiments involving high pH alkali-bearing fluids at high P-T, helps to confirm the idea that alkali-bearing fluids, in the melt and along grain boundaries during crystallization, were responsible for the formation of the altered monazite grain rims via the process of coupled dissolution-reprecipitation. Lower crustal fluids during migmatization and high temperature metamorphism from leucosome monazites signify the need for a more precise texturally-controlled geochronological determination. Considering the possible heat source of high temperature metamorphism, the role of associated rocks of charnockites/granites and ultramafics was studied from Kodaikanal and Ganguvarrpatti. The results indicate that both charnockites and granites are not the heat source of high temperature metamorphism. However, to recognize the ultramafic as the potential heat source the sapphirine-bearing high Mg-Opx bearing rock was studied from Kambam town. The sapphirine–cordierite intergrowth pods are characterized by unique texture and peraluminous sapphirine composition suggesting that these domains could represent cryptic pathways through which aluminous melts migrated. The mineral phase equilibria considerations suggest that such peraluminous melts interacted with Mg-rich orthopyroxene in the host granulite at 1025°C and 8 kbar, with subsequent isobaric cooling. The underplated mafic magma (T>1000°C) is suggested as a possible mechanism that provided the heat source for partial melting of lower crust and the UHT metamorphism. Moreover, field evidence of metapelite in direct contact with an ultramafic body was observed resulting into granulite grade metamorphism. The other evidence of ultramafic magma as heat source is though the mineral chemistry and geochemical modeling of the studied ultramafic rocks.

This Master's thesis deals with the evaluation of a current state of two-generation villa and its following proposal of the optimization. Evaluation includes calculation of heat loss of a current state. Optimization is based on the reduction of heat loss in the building, pressure balance of the system, change of heat source and installation of balanced ventilation. Chapter describing regulation of technology follows and in conclusion indicative price for the whole suggested technology is calculated.

The theme of this diploma thesis is to design heating of the flat house. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis is about exhaust gases paths. The calculation part of this diploma thesis contains the design of the heating system by panel heaters, floor convectors and underfloor heating system. The heat source is the system of cascade-connected gas condensing boilers. The rest of this part are the calculations of the preparation of hot water, design of hot water storage tank and another necessary equipment of the system. The part Project is about technical report and simulation of behaviour of underfloor heating system in various marginal conditions.