abstract: According to hedonism about happiness, all and only enjoyable experiences are the basic constituents of one’s happiness, and these experiences contribute to one’s happiness just to the extent that they have a greater intensity or duration. After defending this view, I show that it must be amended to count as an equally plausible theory of what constitutes one’s well-being. I then present two such amended versions of hedonism about well-being. The first, which I call objective hedonism, adds the claim that the objective worth of the things one enjoys also makes a difference to the extent to which an enjoyable experience contributes to one’s well-being. The second, which I call reliabilist hedonism, adds the claim that one’s evaluative intuitions about which things are good for one track which things have proven themselves to one to reliably lead to enjoyable experience. I conclude that reliabilist hedonism constitutes a revival of hedonism about well-being. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Philosophy 2020

The main motivation for this work was to show that economy cannot be explained just by economy. Many other sciences are essential for understanding economic processes and models of behavior. This paper presents the proven relations between the philosophy, economics and psychology. The study of different economic concepts requires development of an extensive network of connections between humans on the one side, and their social needs and behavior on the other side. The starting point is the return in the time of Ancient Greeks, with whose theoretical approaches can be explained the majority of person's actions. This paper uses theoretical analyses to assess the impact of the "passions and interests", hedonic happiness and stoic self-interest on the economic policy and individuals. Through the gently presented forms of hedonism, this work deals with different theories such as theory of modern consumerism, marginal utilitarianism, preference theory, theory of rational allocation. The data gathered in the form of publication analysis, little psychological experiments and real life examples serve to test the hypothesis of the direct relationship between hedonistic impacts on economic theory. The two research questions are dealing with mastery of passions and interest in the economic behavior as well as with the...

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This dissertation delineates the theological tenets of John Piper's evangelistic ministry at Bethlehem Baptist Church in Minneapolis. In addition to his basic conservative, evangelical presuppositions, there are four theological tenets that drive the evangelistic ministry of John Piper: the sovereignty and supremacy of God, the depraved affections of man, conversion as the creation of a Christian Hedonist, and the glorifying witness of the church. Chapter 1 addresses Piper's role in modern evangelicalism as a recovery theologian. He is one of several pastors and authors calling evangelicals to recover the god-centered theology of the reformers. Piper's unique perspective of Christian Hedonism is his prescribed vehicle for that recovery. The theology of evangelism springing from this perspective is particularly valuable as a remedy for the atheological pragmatism currently driving so many evangelical churches. Chapter 2 is biographical in nature, exploring Piper's life and theological development. In addition to describing the experiences of his conversion and call to ministry, this chapter details the pivotal awakening he experienced at Fuller Seminary that led to the development of Christian Hedonism and his subsequent espousal of Calvinism. This chapter also recounts the theological developments Piper has experienced during his pastorate, including the missiological awakening that took place at Bethlehem Baptist Church during the mid 1980s. Chapter 3 then delineates the four theological tenets and the sub-points that embody the evangelistic aspects of each tenet. His published writings are the primary sources for this chapter, and the material reflects his affinity for Edwards and his God-centered hermeneutic. Chapter 4 examines five facets of Piper's ministry to prove that the theological tenets delineated in chapter three do indeed define and drive the evangelistic ministries of Bethlehem Baptist Church. Preaching, prayer, discipleship, outreach (local and global), and Piper's writing ministry are each examined to show the foundational presence of the four tenets in the evangelistic aspects of each ministry. Chapter 5 closes the dissertation by summarizing the material presented in chapters three and four. The final section of this fifth chapter briefly addresses the strengths and weaknesses of Piper's theology of evangelism and Bethlehem's evangelistic ministries. / This item is only available to students and faculty of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. If you are not associated with SBTS, this dissertation may be purchased from <a href="http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb">http://disexpress.umi.com/dxweb</a> or downloaded through ProQuest's Dissertation and Theses database if your institution subscribes to that service.

A presente dissertação é um aprofundamento teórico no campo da moda e do consumo, no qual, teve como proposta fundamental uma análise histórica em termos culturais, sociológicos, psicológicos e filosóficos, do consumo do final do século XIX (pós-revolução industrial) até os dias atuais, com ênfase no modo de como o ato da compra foi gradualmente se desvinculando de necessidades materiais, funcionais e de distinção social, passando a assumir um teor de hiperconsumo hedonista, assim como suas consequências. O desenvolvimento do trabalho se deu a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em revisão bibliográfica centrada, sobretudo em três autores atentos ao fenômeno do consumo, são eles: Gilles Lipovetsky, Zygmunt Bauman, e Colin Campbell. A investigação esclareceu que a história do consumo, sobretudo a de moda, teve grande influência para o desenvolvimento do atual hiperconsumo, seja por meio da evolução da indústria com o fordismo e com a produção em massa, seja com o desenvolvimento dos mercados e do consumo de massa, por meio das lojas de departamentos ou das estratégias de publicidade e marketing, que atrelaram características de sedução em busca de desejos. Assim como, este trabalho concluiu que o atual panorama de hiperconsumo tem grande influência na individualidade do consumidor contemporâneo, que busca através do consumo o prazer e a felicidade, mas que de certa forma isso é mais atrelado às imaginações e devaneios dos sujeitos do que na compra em si, logo, o lado hedonista do bem de consumo chega ao fim muito rapidamente, após sua aquisição ou no seu descarte, o que resultará em frustrações e em um ciclo que é operado com base na lógica do desejo, aquisição, desilusão, desejo. A pesquisa pôde ainda evidenciar que os consumidores, além de buscarem o prazer na compra, buscam em sua maioria a sua criação ou a recriação da identidade, já que a própria sociedade em sua superabundância de produtos, serviços e entretenimento permite essa transitoriedade e fluidez / The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate through theory the fashion and consumption field based on a cultural, sociological, psychological and philosophical historical analysis of consumption in the late 19th century (post-industrial revolution) until today. The emphasis focuses on how the act of purchase has gradually detached from the material, functional and socially distinctive needs, thereby assuming a level of hedonist hyper-consumption, as well as its consequences. The development of this paper was based on qualitative research of a specific bibliographic revision, principally on three authors who focused on consumption, namely: Gilles Lipovetsky, Zygmunt Bauman, and Colin Campbell. The investigation brought into focus that the history of consumption, especially of fashion, highly influenced the development of the hyper-consumption currently perceived, whether by industrial evolution including Fordism and mass production or through the development of mass consumption markets, through department stores or publicity and advertisement strategies, which have linked characteristics of seduction in the pursuit of pleasure. This paper also shows that the current hyper-consumption overview is highly influenced by the contemporary consumer that seeks for pleasure and happiness through consumption, but somehow it is mostly tied to the imagination and divagations of individuals than to the actual purchase; therefore, the hedonist perspective of the consumer good quickly comes to an end, right after its acquisition or disposal, which may cause frustration and feed a cycle developed on the basis of desire, acquisition, disillusion and back to desire. Additionally, the research evidences that consumers have sought for pleasure through purchase, in addition to create or recreate identity, considering that society and its superabundance of products, services and entertainment allows such transience and fluidity

O principal objetivo desta dissertação é investigar a função argumentativa que as demonstrações hedônicas ao final do Livro IX (580d-583a; 583b-588a), formuladas por Sócrates como provas de que a vida justa é melhor que a injusta, desempenham no escopo filosófico geral do diálogo. Como estratégia argumentativa para suportar a tese de que desempenham papel fundamental em sua doutrina ética, proponho que há em A República a formulação de um problema relativo ao prazer irracional. Este problema diz respeito às implicações psicológicas, epistemológicas e ontológicas inerentes à experiência hedônica irracional, e que concernem não apenas as doutrinas da alma, do conhecimento e da realidade formuladas no diálogo, mas, mais basicamente, sua doutrina ética. Ao final, argumento que, em virtude deste problema, as demonstrações hedônicas se fazem valer como partes fundamentais da doutrina ética de A República, e que não seria possível uma compreensão adequada de seu sentido total caso a questão do prazer fosse desconsiderada: as demonstrações, especialmente a última, estipulam um argumento que toca no âmago do problema concernente ao valor da injustiça, sendo capaz de provar, por meio da proposição de uma forma depurada de hedonismo, que chamo aqui hedonismo racional ou filosófico, que a crença fundamental de que a injustiça é valorsa pois prazerosa é falsa. / The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the argumentative function that the hedonic demonstrations at the end of Book IX (580d-583a, 583b-588a), formulated by Socrates as proofs that a just life is better than an unjust one, perform in the general philosophical scope of the dialogue. As an argumentative strategy to support the thesis that they play a fundamental role in its ethical doctrine, I propose that there is in the Republic the formulation of a problem related to irrational pleasure. This problem concerns the psychological, epistemological, and ontological implications inherent in the irrational hedonic experience, which concern not only the doctrines of soul, knowledge, and reality formulated in the dialogue but, more fundamentally, its ethical doctrine. In the end, I argue that by virtue of this problem, the hedonic demonstrations assert themselves as fundamental parts of the Republic\'s ethical doctrine, and that a proper understanding of its full meaning would not be possible if the question of pleasure were disregarded: the demonstrations, especially the latter, stipulate an argument that touches the heart of the problem concerning the value of injustice, and is able to prove, by proposing a refined form of hedonism, which I call here of rational or philosophical hedonism, that the fundamental belief that injustice is valuable because pleasurable is false.

Friendship and hedonism are both major components of Epicureanism. I attempt to relieve the tension that seems to follow from endorsing both of these. I argue that Epicurean friendships require valuing a friend’s well-being in the same way as one’s own and that embarking on such friendships is what David Schmidtz terms a maieutic end – one that is achieved by taking on a new set of ends. This conception fits with other-regarding concern that is espoused throughout the Epicurean texts discussing friendship and, as I argue, remains consistent with other psychological and ethical commitments of Epicureanism.

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Friendship and hedonism are both major components of Epicureanism. I attempt to relieve the tension that seems to follow from endorsing both of these. I argue that Epicurean friendships require valuing a friend’s well-being in the same way as one’s own and that embarking on such friendships is what David Schmidtz terms a maieutic end – one that is achieved by taking on a new set of ends. This conception fits with other-regarding concern that is espoused throughout the Epicurean texts discussing friendship and, as I argue, remains consistent with other psychological and ethical commitments of Epicureanism.

This study is an exploration of the nature and formation of moral sentiments concerning what constitutes deviance and how deviants should be treated. These sentiments establish the general climate of moral tolerance or intolerance within which reactions to particular instances of deviance take shape. The study is based upon the assumption that differences between people in terms of such moral sentiments reflect further differences in other areas of their lives, in the roles in which they find themselves and the distinctive ideologies to they adhere. The thesis starts from an examination of the work undertaken in this area by Ranulf in developing his theory of moral indignation. This holds that a repressive morality embracing hostility towards hedonism and punitiveness towards deviants is characteristic of the lower middle class as the indirect result of the restraints forced upon its members by their position in the class structure. The present thesis employs the critical appraisal of Ranulf's theory as an opportunity to draw together evidence which serves as a means of elaborating a more comprehensive theory of moral indignation. This evidence is culled from the examination of a number of studies taken from the fields of sociology, social psychology and social anthropology. A study of three "moral crusades" - the Responsible Society, the Nationwide Festival of Light, and the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association – is undertaken to investigate the nature of moral indignation in a contemporary setting. The study concludes by setting forth an explanation of the nature and origin of moral authoritarianism as the product of social constraints.