The aim of the thesis is to improve the control quality of the adaptive systems (Self Tuning Controllers). The thesis mainly deals with problematical identification part of the adaptive system. This part demonstrates a weak point for existing adaptive systems. Paradoxically, the quality of the adaptive system depends mainly on the identification part because on the basis of the process model obtained by identification are worked out parameters of a control part, afterwards the control action plan is established. Knowledge of the modern control methods is used and a new identification algorithm for closed loop identification is proposed. This simple, fast and efficient algorithm overcomes all disadvantages of current classical identification methods based on least mean-square algorithms. The possibility of the choice of a short sample time, one tuning parameter ability to adjust the control process, the ability to identify processes in real use belong to its main goals. This algorithm was built in the adaptive system and then it was tested on a set of simulation and real models with surprisingly excellent results. The successful implementation of the algorithm into the programmable logic controller was also realized. One part of the thesis introduces a new universal graphics environment for testing and verifying control algorithms.

In the thesis we discuss binary hyperstructures of linear differential operators of the second order both in general and (inspired by models of specific time processes) in a special case of the Jacobi form. We also study binary hyperstructures constructed from distributive lattices and suggest transfer of this construction to n-ary hyperstructures. We use these hyperstructures to construct multiautomata and quasi-multiautomata. The input sets of all these automata structures are constructed so that the transfer of information for certain specific modeling time functions is facilitated. For this reason we use smooth positive functions or vectors components of which are real numbers or smooth positive functions. The above hyperstructures are state-sets of these automata structures. Finally, we investigate various types of compositions of the above multiautomata and quasi-multiautomata. In order to this we have to generalize the classical definitions of Dörfler. While some of the concepts can be transferred to the hyperstructure context rather easily, in the case of Cartesian composition the attempt to generalize it leads to some interesting results.

The goal of my thesis is to describe which campaigns and projects support reader and which are suitable for work with children in the kindergarten's heterogeneous classes. As part of the thesis, project is created base of the studied literature which should support reading literacy in a kindergarten's heterogeneous class and cooperate on its implementation with other subjects. I define the terms closely related to the given topic in the theoretical part, namely literacy and numeracy, reading literacy (in relation to RVP PV). Focus is on the role of kindergarten and the necessity of developing a child in reading literacy with the emphasis on the heterogeneous classes. I also emphasize the role of the family in reading literacy. Finally, I describe specific campaigns and projects in the Czech Republic that support readership and reading literacy. I devote myself to the implementation of the project itself in the maternal Schools with heterogeneous classes in the practical part. In more detail, I focus on the Celé Česko čte dětem, Noc s Andersenem and Listování. While the Celé Česko čte dětem a whole range of uses, Listování and Noc s Andersenem serves as a mere addition to the development of reading literacy. I value positively the cooperation with the city's library and parents.

The aim of the dissertation is to compare the psychosocial climate of the classes between the 5th and 6th grades of Czech elementary school. In the train of pupils' leaving into the high- tracked schools there are significant organizational changes in the classes of the 6th grade. This theme includes the phenomenon of the early tracking, when some pupils can leave the mainstream of education (elementary school) and start attending the high-tracked schools (multi-year gymnasium). The aim of our study is to contribute to the research, that with the departure of students into high-tracked schools the psychosocial climate in the classes of the 6th grade unequivocally exacerbates. We are also interested in which specific students are accepted into high-tracked schools, and whether they are effective classroom leaders and socio- metric stars. In our study, we also find out the classroom positions of students who are continuously educated in the 5th and 6th grades of the elementary schools and their classmates, who have come as new students into the classes of the 6th grade. In the theoretical section we introduce the foreign and domestic researches which were conducted on the association between tracking and classroom climate. The empirical part inquiries into a detailed analysis of quantitative research...