Orientador: Valdemir Antonio Rodrigues / Banca: Antônio de Pádua Sousa / Banca: Luiza Helena Duenhas / Abstract: The preservation of the biodiversity of the vegetation in the micro watershed is of basic importance for the maintenance of the animal and vegetal wild life, ambient services and protection of the biosfera. The morphometry is a tool of great importance as diagnostic of susceptibility to the ambient degradation or conservation and guides the planning and handling of the micro watershed. The present study had as objective the morphometric characterization and analysis of biodiversity in the micro watershed of the Edgárdia Farm, Botucatu - SP. The micro watershed of the Edgárdia Farm belongs to the College of Agronomicas Ciencias/UNESP, city of Botucatu - SP. The program used for the attainment of the morphometrical variable was the ILWIS 3.2 version and the topographical letter of the IBGE with 1:50.000 scale. In the study of biodiversity four transects in the micro watershed had been installed, in the parts high (superior third), medium high and medium low (medium third) and low (inferior third) of the micro watershed, in which parcels of 10 x 5 meters had been installed. In the four transects, the forest species had been quantified and commanded in popular and classified families, species, names in its respective ecological successions (pioneer, secondary or climax). It was measured in each tree the height and the diameter in the height of the chest (DAP). The morphometrical variable and the results were: area of 7,205 kmø; perimeter of 11,59 km; length and width of micro watershed 3,578 the equal 3,016 km; length of the draining net and quotas of 15,68 km and 1100,00 km; factor of form 0,79, considered very high; density of draining of 2,18 km.kmø, classified as average; the high declivity of 76,98%, in accordance with the classes of declivities and types of relief of the micro watershed, was classified as scarped; frequency of rivers the 3,19 segments of rivers... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Sâmia Maria Tauk-Tornisielo / Banca: Ariovaldo José da Silva / Banca: Aurora Mariana Garcia de França Souza / Banca: Dejanira de Franceschi de Angelis / Banca: Carlos Renato Corso / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi a determinação de indicadores microbiológicos, metais e IQA (Índice de Qualidade da Água) na microbacia do rio Cabeça, SP. Também foi realizada a avaliação da evolução do uso da terra e cobertura vegetal nesta microbacia visando a preservação não somente das águas, mas toda "teia complexa" das relações existentes entre parâmetros físicos, biológicos e antrópicos em uma bacia hidrográfica. A crescente degradação da qualidade dos recursos hídricos devido a ações antrópicas torna necessário o monitoramento da qualidade ambiental desses ecossistemas. O rio Cabeça é um afluente na bacia do rio Corumbataí, unidade ambiental de extrema importância econômica e social por apresentar potencial hídrico capaz de abastecer as cidades de Analândia, Corumbataí, Rio Claro, Santa Gertrudes, Ipeúna, Itirapina e Charqueada e ainda permitir a exportação de água para municípios localizados em bacias vizinhas, tais como Araras e Piracicaba, onde os problemas hídricos são bastante sérios. Cinco pontos de amostragem foram determinados ao longo do rio Cabeça além de outros dois pontos no corpo hídrico que recebe a suas águas, o rio Passa Cinco, um a montante e outro a jusante do ponto de encontro de ambos os rios. Coletas foram realizadas uma vez por mês durante o período de abril/2007 a março/2009. Os parâmetros DBO e Escherichia coli estiveram em desacordo com o estabelecido pelo Decreto Estadual 8468/1976 e pela Resolução CONAMA 357/2005 para rios de classe 2. Ferro e pH também desrespeitaram os padrões fixados na Resolução citada. Os metais Cu, Cr e Ni não foram detectados durante o período de estudo e Cd e Pb foram encontrados somente em algumas amostras. Há predomínio de pastagem e de cana-de-açúcar e uma tendência de aumento dessas atividades. O rio Passa Cinco não teve alterações significativas dos parâmetros... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In this study, the microbiological indicators, metals and WQI (Water Quality Index) in the Cabeça river watershed, SP, were evaluated. The evolution of land use and vegetation cover was also studied to preserve not only the water, but the "complex web" of relations between physical, biological and social parameters in a watershed. Due the increasing degradation of water quality by the human activities is necessary to monitor the environmental quality of these ecosystems. The Cabeça river is a tributary in the Corumbataí river watershed, an environmental unit of extreme economic and social importance due the water potential able to supply the cities of Analândia, Corumbataí, Rio Claro, Santa Gertrudes, Ipeúna, Itirapina and Charqueada and allow to export water to cities located in neighboring watershed, such Araras and Piracicaba, where water problems are serious. Five sampling points were selected over the course of the Cabeça river and other two points on the Passa Cinco river, that receiving the water of that river, one point upstream and one downstream from the point of encounter between the two rivers. Samples were collected once a month during the period from April/2007 to March/2009. The results showed that the BOD and Escherichia coli were above the limits establishing to river class 2 by State Decree 8468/1976 and CONAMA 357/05 Resolution. Iron and pH were also out of the limits recommended by Resolution. The metals Cu, Cr and Ni were not detected during the study period and Cd and Pb were found only in a few samples. There is a predominance of pasture and cane sugar and a tendency to increase these activities. The Passa Cinco river had not significant changes in the water quality parameters, after receiving the waters from Cabeça river. The WQI showed that the water quality of the rivers studies is classified as good, but risks of degradation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor