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Da ressonância magnética no diagnóstico da doença de Menière / Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis or Meniere's diseaseChaves, Adriana Gonzaga [UNIFESP] January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
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Previous issue date: 2007 / IntroduÁ„o: O diagnÛstico da doenÁa de MeniËre baseia-se em critÈrios clÌnicos, caracterizados por vertigem recorrente, perda auditiva, zumbido e plenitude aural. A definiÁ„o diagnÛstica È importante, mas difÌcil de ser estabelecida devido ‡ baixa sensibilidade e especificidade dos testes objetivos. A resson‚ncia magnÈtica de ossos temporais permite a identificaÁ„o de alteraÁıes da morfologia da orelha interna. Entretanto,
ainda n„o est· definido o papel da resson‚ncia magnÈtica no diagnÛstico da doenÁa de
MeniËre. Objetivos: Avaliar se a resson‚ncia magnÈtica de ossos temporais È capaz de:
identificar indivÌduos com doenÁa de MeniËre em relaÁ„o aos demais grupos; diferenciar a
orelha sintom·tica da orelha assintom·tica e avaliar se existem par‚metros ˙teis para o
diagnÛstico laboratorial da doenÁa de MeniËre por meio da resson‚ncia magnÈtica. MÈtodo:
Foram analisadas por meio da resson‚ncia magnÈtica de ossos temporais 60 orelhas de 30
indivÌduos: 10 pacientes com diagnÛstico clÌnico definido de DM unilateral (Grupo M), de
acordo com os critÈrios da Academia Americana de Otorrinolaringologia (AAO-HNS) e
confirmado pela eletrococleografia, 10 indivÌduos com queixas de tonturas sem DM (Grupo
NM) e 10 controles normais (Grupo C). Foram avaliadas as visualizaÁıes dos seguintes
par‚metros: ducto endolinf·tico, saco endolinf·tico, abertura externa do aqueduto do
vestÌbulo e cÛclea; e a medida das dist‚ncias entre canal semicircular posterior e espaÁo
subaracnÛideo (CSP-ES) e entre vestÌbulo e espaÁo subaracnÛideo (V-ES). Resultados: O
ducto endolinf·tico e o saco endolinf·tico foram menos freq¸entemente visualizados nas
orelhas do grupo M (42% e 30%, respectivamente) do que nas orelhas controles (100% e
90%, respectivamente), com p=0,0001 para o ducto endolinf·tico e p=0,0002, para o saco
endolinf·tico. A mediana da dist‚ncia CSP-ES foi menor nos pacientes do grupo M (1,9 mm)
que nos controles (2,5 mm), com p=0,013; assim como a dist‚ncia V-ES (4,9 mm para os
pacientes do grupo M e de 6,0 mm, para os controles, com p=0,0002). A comparaÁ„o entre
os grupos M e NM demonstrou diferenÁa apenas para a visualizaÁ„o do saco endolinf·tico
(p=0,01), enquanto que a medida da dist‚ncia V-ES foi o ˙nico par‚metro significante
(p=0,03), quando comparados os grupos NM e controle. N„o houve diferenÁa entre as
orelhas sintom·ticas e assintom·ticas em nenhum par‚metro avaliado. A visualizaÁ„o do
saco endolinf·tico e a medida da dist‚ncia V-ES demonstraram maior sensibilidade (70% e
60%, respectivamente), enquanto que a visualizaÁ„o do ducto endolinf·tico e a dist‚ncia
CSP-ES apresentaram maior especificidade (100% e 95%, respectivamente). Conclusıes:
A resson‚ncia magnÈtica de ossos temporais identifica indivÌduos com diagnÛstico clÌnico
definido de doenÁa de MeniËre em relaÁ„o aos controles, porÈm n„o identifica aqueles com
queixas de tonturas sem doenÁa de MeniËre; n„o diferencia orelhas sintom·ticas e
assintom·ticas e a visualizaÁ„o do saco endolinf·tico e a medida da dist‚ncia V-ES s„o os
par‚metros ˙teis para o diagnÛstico laboratorial da doenÁa de MeniËre. / Background: Diagnosis of MeniËreís disease is based on its clinical findings, characterized by recurrent vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness. Accurate diagnosis is important but difficult because of the lack of sensitive tests. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies of the temporal bones demonstrate morphological abnormalities of the inner ear. However, the role of MRI in the diagnosis of MD remains to be defined. Objective: To evaluate if the MRI of the temporal bones is able to identify patients with clinical definite diagnosis of MeniËreís disease as compared with a non MeniËre group and a control group, as well as the differences between affected and unaffected ears. We attempted to visualize which parameters are important to the MeniËreís disease diagnosis by the magnetic
resonance imaging. Methods: In this prospective study, we analyzed the MRI studies of the
temporal bones of 60 ears from 30 subjects: 10 patients with unilateral MD (M Group), as
defined by the American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO-HNS), and confirmed by the
electrocochleography findings (summating potential/action potential ratio ≥ 35%); 10 subjects
with dizziness without MD (NM Group) and 10 normal individuals, as the control group. We
observed the visualization of the following parameters: endolymphatic duct (ED),
endolymphatic sac (ES) and the external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct (VA); and the
distance between the posterior semicircular canal and the subarachnoid space (PSC-SS)
and between the vestibule and the SS (V-SS). Results: The ED and the ES were less
frequently visualized in MD patients (42% and 30% of the ears, respectively), as compared
with the control individual (100% and 90%; respectively), p=0.0001 and p=0.0002. The PSCSS
distance was smaller in MD patients (median=1.9 mm) than in control subjects (2.5 mm),
p=0.013, as was the V-SS distance (median=4.9 mm and 6.0 mm; p=0.0002). The
visualization of the ES was smaller in MD patients (30%) than in the NM group (75%), p=0.01
as was the V-SS distance between NM group and control subjects (5.1 mm and 6.0 mm;
p=0.03). No differences were found between symptomatic and asymptomatic ears. The
visualization of the ED and the distance between PSC and SS demonstrated better
specificity (100% and 95%, respectively) whereas the visualization of the ES and the
distance between V and SE demonstrated better sensitivity (70% and 60%, respectively).
Conclusions: The MRI of the temporal bones identified subjects with clinical definite
diagnosis of MeniËreís disease as compared with the healthy volunteers, but did not depict
differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic ears. Finally, the MRI provides
valuable information in the visualization of the ES and the measurement of the V-SS
distance. / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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