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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Intera??o de biomarcadores de neuroimagem na Doen?a de Alzheimer : ?-amiloide, subst?ncia branca e metabolismo cerebral

Schilling, Lucas Porcello 16 December 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T13:52:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_LUCAS_PORCELLO_SCHILLING_PARCIAL.pdf: 7497659 bytes, checksum: 1ccccb228b48cbfe2cd307e26ad11ee2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T13:52:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_LUCAS_PORCELLO_SCHILLING_PARCIAL.pdf: 7497659 bytes, checksum: 1ccccb228b48cbfe2cd307e26ad11ee2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T13:52:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_LUCAS_PORCELLO_SCHILLING_PARCIAL.pdf: 7497659 bytes, checksum: 1ccccb228b48cbfe2cd307e26ad11ee2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / The pathophysiology of Alzheimer?s disease (AD) involves several pathological mechanisms, including amyloid-? and neurofibrillary tangles deposition, white matter changes and neurodegeneration. In this tranversal study, we investigated the interaction between white matter (WM) integrity and amyloid-? deposition as a potential determinant of cerebral hypometabolism in the Alzheimer?s disease (AD) continuum. Using the Alzheimer?s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, ninety-six subjects (cognitively normal (CN), n = 27; mild cognitive impairment (MCI), n = 49; and AD, n = 20) had positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [18F]Florbetapir, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). In the first part of the study, we identified areas of fractional anisotropy (FA) reduction in angular bundle and fornix in the AD group. Among these regions, we selected for subsequent analyses a voxel of interest (VOI) in the angular bundle bilaterally. Then, using a voxel-based interaction model we examined the association of FA in the angular bundle, amyloid-? deposition, and also the potential interaction of these variables with [18F]FDG cerebral hypometabolism. In the AD group, [18F]FDG hypometabolism in the striatum, basal and mesial temporal, orbitofrontal, precuneus, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices was associated with the interaction between increase in [18F]Florbetapir standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in regions of interest and reduction in angular bundle FA. No significant clusters were identified in CN and MCI subjects. The interaction model, including amyloid-? deposition and WM disconnection, supports the concept of an integrative framework of AD pathophysiology where the combination of distinct pathological processes leads to progressive brain dysfunction in important cognitive-related areas / A fisiopatologia da Doen?a de Alzheimer (DA) envolve diversos mecanismos patol?gicos, como ac?mulo de ?-amiloide e de emaranhados neurofibrilares, altera??es na subst?ncia branca e neurodegenera??o. Este trabalho consiste em um estudo transversal, cujo objetivo foi investigar os efeitos da integridade da subst?ncia branca e do dep?sito de ?-amiloide como fatores determinantes do hipometabolismo cerebral no continuum da Doen?a de Alzheimer (DA). Utilizando dados obtidos atrav?s do cons?rcio internacional Alzheimer?s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), foram avaliados 96 indiv?duos (27 sujeitos cognitivamente normais - CN, 49 sujeitos com comprometimento cognitivo leve ? CCL, e 20 pacientes com DA) que realizaram um protocolo completo de neuroimagem com tomografia por emiss?o de p?sitrons (PET) com [18F]Fluordeoxiglicose ([18F]FDG) e [18F]Florbetapir e resson?ncia magn?tica nuclear (RMN) com a sequ?ncia de imagem de tensor de difus?o (DTI). Na primeira parte do estudo, no grupo DA foram identificadas ?reas de redu??o da anisotropia fracionada (FA) no fasc?culo angular e f?rnix. Dentre essas regi?es, um voxel de interesse (VOI) foi bilateralmente selecionado no fasc?culo angular para as an?lises subsequentes. Ap?s, examinamos a associa??o entre a FA no fasc?culo angular bilateral, o dep?sito de ?-amiloide atrav?s do PET [18F]Florbetapir Standardized Uptake Value Ratio (SUVR) nas regi?es de interesse e a poss?vel associa??o da intera??o entre ambos no hipometabolismo cerebral avaliado atrav?s de PET [18F]FDG. No grupo DA, a magnitude do hipometabolismo cerebral no corpo estriado, c?rtex orbito-frontal, temporal basal e mesial, pr?-c?neo e c?ngulo anterior e posterior foi determinada pelo efeito sin?rgico (intera??o) entre a densidade de agregados de ?-amiloide e o grau de desintegrac?o do fasc?culo angular, obtidos via [18F]Florbetapir e FA, respectivamente. N?o foram identificados clusters estatisticamente significativos nos grupos CN e CCL. Estes resultados ap?iam o conceito de que o efeito sin?rgico, mais do que os efeitos independentes da amiloidose e da desintegra??o da subst?ncia branca, determina o hipometabolismo regional na DA. De fato, o efeito da intera??o em nosso modelo, envolvendo o dep?sito de ?-amiloide e a desconex?o da subst?ncia branca, contribui para um conceito integrativo da fisiopatologia da DA, em que a a??o combinada de diferentes processos patol?gicos potencializa a degenerac?o do c?rebro.

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