The Neogene geologic processes and climatic changes had tremendous impact on evolution of biota in different regions of Northern Hemisphere (NH). The Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau (QTP) was a central part of these processes. Migrations from the QTP to other temperate regions represent one of the main biogeographic patterns for Northern Hemisphere. However, this 'out-of-QTP' hypothesis has never been tested through a phylogeographic analysis of a widely distributed species and the ages and routs of these migrations are largely not resolved. On the other hand, climate change played an important role in shaping the amount and structure of intraspecific genetic diversity, which provide the main basic substrate for any evolutionary change. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the effects of historic climate alterations on intraspecific genetic diversity can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary consequences of past climate changes and predicting the likely direction of global warming effects on sustainability of extant populations and species. In this thesis, I first studied the phylogeography of Hippophae rhamnoides to test the 'out-of-QTP' hypothesis (Chapter II). Then, I performed phylogenetic, dating and biogeographic analyses of the genus Hippophae (Chapter III). Finally, I studied the...

This thesis deals with the evaluation of the available books and possibilities of the growing of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in the Czech Republic. Physical and chemical values which are necessary for planting sea buckthorn in the area of Lednice were measured and specified. The female plants of the species of ´Buchlovsky 1´, ´Hergo´, ´Leikora´, ´Vitamínová´, and the male plant of ´Buchlovsky 2´, ´Pollmix´ and ´Ruský´ were studied and evaluated. As for the products made of sea buckthorn, speads and juices with various amount of sugar, baked tea and sweetened sea buckthorn powder were evaluated from the sensory point of view. The issues of the growing and processing of s ea buckthorn were discussed with the producers of planting stock, commercial croppers and manufacturers within the whole Czech Republic. Sea buckthorn is not widespead and commercial area for growing does not meet the needs of the manufacturers. If all biotic and abiotic factors are taken into account, the growing of sea buckthorn is recommended in the Czech Republic.

Siekiant nustatyti genetinius, fiziologinius ir fizinius veiksnius, darančius įtaką dygliuotojo šaltalankio (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) auginių rizogenezei, tirti trijų veislių žalieji auginiai, paimti iš ūglių lignifikacijos pradžioje. Nustatyta, kad ISR 40 ir 50 mg/l koncentracijos tirpalas, palyginus su kontroliniu variantu, nežymiai, bet patikimai spartina rizogenezės procesą. Net mažiausios NAR koncentracijos mažina auginių su šaknimis išeigą. IAR rizogenezės spartos nedidina, bet 40–50 mg/l koncentracijų tirpalai didina įsišaknijusių auginių procentą. ISR ir NAR poveikyje nežymiai didėja vidutinis pagrindinių šaknų skaičius ant šaknies regeneruojančio auginio. Intensyviausiai šaknis regeneruoja iš ūglio viršūnės paimti auginiai, kuriems būdingas mažiausias sumedėjimo lygis. Auginiai nuo juvenaliniame tarpsnyje esančių medžių pagal rizogenezės spartą atsilieka nuo auginių, paimtų nuo derančių medžių. Esminę įtaką dygliuotojo šaltalankio žaliųjų auginių rizogenezei daro auginio ilgis. Parodyta, kad egzistuoja minimalūs auginio, turinčio potencijų rizogenezei, parametrai. Tik pavieniai penkių centimetrų ilgio auginiai regeneruoja šaknis. Didėjant auginio ilgiui rizogenezės dažnumas didėja. / In order to evaluate genetic, physiologic and physical factors influencing rhizogenesis of green cuttings of sea buckthorn, cuttings from three cultivars were taken at the beginning of lignification. It was estimated, that 40 and 50 mg/L IBA solutions narrowly but reliably quicken rhizogenesis compared to control. Solution with even the lowest NAA concentration reduces output of cuttings with roots. IAA doesn’t accelerate process of rhizogenesis, but 40 and 50 mg/L IAA solutions increase percentage of rooted cuttings. Average main root quantity on the rooted cutting increases under the influence of IBA and NAA. Cuttings with the lowest lignification level, which were taken from terminal shoot part, regenerated roots more intensively. Cuttings taken from juvenile plants lag behind the cuttings from bearings plants according to rhizogenesis speed. The length of cutting is crucial for the rhizogenesis of sea buckthorn cuttings. Minimal cutting parameters for potential rhizogenesis are shown. Only several 5 cm length cuttings regenerate roots, rate of rhizogenesis increases in longer cuttings.

The main topic of this work is food supplements, their legislation and other theory connected with them, the main focus is on plant nutraceuticals, of which are chosen food supplements marketed to support immunity system - echinacea, sea buckthorn and oyster mushroom, food supplements to support psyche - St. John's wort, ginkgo and valerian and dietary supplements to support body fitness - tribulus, garcinia and psyllium. Subsequently, the topic focuses on the marketing of nutraceuticals, its modern ways and the possibilities of increasing the students' awareness in this field through the principles of media education. In the practical part, 112 students aged 15-19 are presented with a lecture presenting the topic and inviting students to raise their interest in the subject. The feedback of the lecture is provided by a questionnaire whose questions correspond to the hypotheses set by the author. KEYWORDS nutraceuticals, media education, marketing, Echinacea, Garcinia, Pleurotus, Hippophae, Gingko, Plantago, Hypericum, Valeriana, Tribulus

No description available.

The main topic of this work is food supplements, their legislation and other theory connected with them, the main focus is on plant nutraceuticals, of which are chosen food supplements marketed to support immunity system - echinacea, sea buckthorn and oyster mushroom, food supplements to support psyche - St. John's wort, ginkgo and valerian and dietary supplements to support body fitness - tribulus, garcinia and psyllium. Subsequently, the topic focuses on the marketing of nutraceuticals, its modern ways and the possibilities of increasing the students' awareness in this field through the principles of media education. In the practical part, 112 students aged 15-19 are presented with a lecture presenting the topic and inviting students to raise their interest in the subject. The feedback of the lecture is provided by a questionnaire whose questions correspond to the hypotheses set by the author. KEYWORDS nutraceuticals, media education, marketing, Echinacea, Garcinia, Pleurotus, Hippophae, Gingko, Plantago, Hypericum, Valeriana, Tribulus

Diploma thesis deals with determination of vitamin C in various cultivars of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part, there are mentioned basic information about these less known fruit species, their medically significant substances and utilization of these fruits. Various methods for determination of vitamin C are discussed with focus on HPLC and extraction of vitamin C from the matrix. In experimental part, the most suitable column (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m) was chosen from six various columns. Analysis of vitamin C in various cultivars of quince and sea buckthorn fruits were carried out on this column. The various types of matrix preparation and two different separation systems (method with oxalic acid and system with phosphate buffer and methanol as a mobile phases) were investigated too. Vitamin C was determined as an ascorbic acid.

The aim of this diploma thesis is determination of selected metals in unconventional fruit species, specifically in cornelian cherry (Cornus mas), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) and medlar (Mespilus germanica).There is informationabout 16 analysed metals – As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Sn, Pb, V, Zn. There are described analytical techniques for elemental analysis and methods for destruction biological material. Samples for analysis are prepared by using microwave mineralization and ICP-MS for detection. This is described in the experimental part of the diploma thesis. Analysis confirmed that unconventional fruits are rich sources of trace elements.

Radial growth characteristics of a high-elevation shrub species, sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), were investigated at four sites in a river valley at altitudes ranging from 3,333 to 3,820 m a.s.l. close to the terminus of the July First Glacier in the western Qilian Mountains of northwestern China. Radial growth of the sea buckthorn was significantly and positively correlated with the mean monthly temperature in June of the current growing season. Based on the fact that fluctuations in the shrub’s radial growth and the glacier’s equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) are affected by climatic variables, a tree-ring width chronology of the four sites was used to reconstruct the ELA from 1950 to 2003. The resulting ELA model explained more than 55.3% of the variance in the ELA of the July First Glacier series. On a decadal time scale, the cumulative-departure curve of the reconstructed ELA series showed an increasing trend from the 1950s to the mid-1960s, followed by a descending trend from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s. The ELA appears to have remained stable from the mid-1970s to the mid-1990s, but has displayed dramatic variations during the past decade.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 9 uppsatser.