In order to discover new bioactive compounds, the chemical constituents from the organic extracts of the cultured soft coral Klyxum simplex and wild-type soft coral Cladiella hirsute were studied. 27 new eunicellin-based diterpenoids, klysimplexins A¡VX (1¡V24) and klysimplexin sulfoxides A¡VC (25¡V27), were isolated from a cultured soft coral Klyxum simplex. Furthermore, eight new eunicellin-base diterpenoids, hirsutalins C (28) and F¡VL (29¡V35), were isolated from the soft coral Cladiella hirsuta. The structures of compounds 1¡V35 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, in particular 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The absolute stereochemistries of 1, 3, 12, and 22 were determined by Mosher¡¦s method. The structure of 1 was further confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The absolute configurations of 1, 3, 12, and 22 were determined by Mosher¡¦s method. Compounds 2, 8, 17, 20, and 29 have been shown to exhibit cytotoxicity toward a limited panel of cancer cell lines. Compounds 10¡V14, 18, 19, 25¡V28, and 31 were found to display significant in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells by inhibiting the expression of the iNOS protein. Compounds 18, 19, and 27 also could effectively reduce the level of the COX-2 protein.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:56:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WILLIAN_DISSERTACAO_decolagem_final_15_05.pdf: 452812 bytes, checksum: 0a6a27eb968740d9082f0cd77e47d0d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-10 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cotton seed treatments with Bacillus subtilis and a chemical nematicide (abamectin) on plant development in soils infested with nematodes. For this, the cotton genotypes IAC 25, Deltaopal and Nuopal were cultivated in ceramic pots with 10 kg of soil in a greenhouse. The soils samples were collected from areas under cotton cultivation in western Bahia State infested with Pratylenchus brachyurus and Rotylenchulus reniformis. To evaluate the efficiency of biological control of nematodes with B. subtilis, a previous inoculation of the cotton seeds at the date planting was made comparatively to the reference the application of the nematicide abamectin (AVICTA 500 FS®) in the seeds. After 45 days of cultivation leaf samples were collected for proline and peroxidase analyzes in all treatments. The plants were analyzed 60 days after planting for active nematodes in the root and in the soil. The most susceptible genotype (Deltaopal) showed higher proline content in their leaves. The hypothesis that the B. subtilis could act effectively in the control of the nematodes R. reniformis and P. brachyurus in cotton plants was confirmed in this study. It was also observed that the treatment of cotton seeds with B. subtilis was as efficient as the treatment with the chemical nematicide abamectin. The cotton genotypes responded differently to the chemical and biological control treatments. The effects of the both seed treatments on the reduction of the nematodes and on the plant growth were more pronounced in the soils with higher infestation. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento do algodoeiro em solos infestados com nematoides em função do tratamento de sementes com nematicida químico (abamectina) e Bacillus subtilis. Foram utilizados os genótipos de algodoeiro: IAC 25, Deltaopal e Nuopal. O solo utilizado no experimento foi coletado em área de cultivo de algodoeiro nos Municípios de Luiz Eduardo Magalhães e São Desidério, localizados no Oeste Baiano, com histórico prévio de infestação de Pratylenchus brachyurus e Rotylenchulus reniformis. Para avaliação da eficiência do controle biológico de nematoides com Bacillus subtilis, procedeu-se a inoculação prévia das sementes de algodão no momento da semeadura, utilizando-se também como referência comparativa a aplicação de nematicida de contato Abamectina (AVICTA 500 FS®) nas sementes. Aos 45 dias de cultivo foram coletadas amostras de tecido foliar para realização de análises de prolina e peroxidase nas folhas. O genótipo mais suscetível (Deltaopal) apresentou maior teor de prolina nas folhas. As plantas foram coletadas aos 60 dias após a semeadura para a avaliação de nematoides nas raízes e no solo em cada tratamento. A hipótese de que o B. subtilis possa atuar de forma eficaz no controle dos nematoides (R. reniformis e P. brachyurus) no cultivo do algodoeiro, avaliados neste estudo, foi confirmada. Foi também comprovado que o tratamento com B. subtilis equivaleu-se à eficiência de controle obtido com o uso do nematicida convencional. Os genótipos de algodoeiro responderam de forma diferente aos tratamentos efetuados para controle dos nematoides. O controle de nematoides e o desenvolvimento das plantas em função dos tratamentos efetuados foram mais significativos nos solos com maior infestação de nematoides.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-18T17:51:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WILLIAN_DISSERTACAO_decolagem_final_15_05.pdf: 452812 bytes, checksum: 0a6a27eb968740d9082f0cd77e47d0d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-10 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cotton seed treatments with Bacillus subtilis and a chemical nematicide (abamectin) on plant development in soils infested with nematodes. For this, the cotton genotypes IAC 25, Deltaopal and Nuopal were cultivated in ceramic pots with 10 kg of soil in a greenhouse. The soils samples were collected from areas under cotton cultivation in western Bahia State infested with Pratylenchus brachyurus and Rotylenchulus reniformis. To evaluate the efficiency of biological control of nematodes with B. subtilis, a previous inoculation of the cotton seeds at the date planting was made comparatively to the reference the application of the nematicide abamectin (AVICTA 500 FS®) in the seeds. After 45 days of cultivation leaf samples were collected for proline and peroxidase analyzes in all treatments. The plants were analyzed 60 days after planting for active nematodes in the root and in the soil. The most susceptible genotype (Deltaopal) showed higher proline content in their leaves. The hypothesis that the B. subtilis could act effectively in the control of the nematodes R. reniformis and P. brachyurus in cotton plants was confirmed in this study. It was also observed that the treatment of cotton seeds with B. subtilis was as efficient as the treatment with the chemical nematicide abamectin. The cotton genotypes responded differently to the chemical and biological control treatments. The effects of the both seed treatments on the reduction of the nematodes and on the plant growth were more pronounced in the soils with higher infestation. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento do algodoeiro em solos infestados com nematoides em função do tratamento de sementes com nematicida químico (abamectina) e Bacillus subtilis. Foram utilizados os genótipos de algodoeiro: IAC 25, Deltaopal e Nuopal. O solo utilizado no experimento foi coletado em área de cultivo de algodoeiro nos Municípios de Luiz Eduardo Magalhães e São Desidério, localizados no Oeste Baiano, com histórico prévio de infestação de Pratylenchus brachyurus e Rotylenchulus reniformis. Para avaliação da eficiência do controle biológico de nematoides com Bacillus subtilis, procedeu-se a inoculação prévia das sementes de algodão no momento da semeadura, utilizando-se também como referência comparativa a aplicação de nematicida de contato Abamectina (AVICTA 500 FS®) nas sementes. Aos 45 dias de cultivo foram coletadas amostras de tecido foliar para realização de análises de prolina e peroxidase nas folhas. O genótipo mais suscetível (Deltaopal) apresentou maior teor de prolina nas folhas. As plantas foram coletadas aos 60 dias após a semeadura para a avaliação de nematoides nas raízes e no solo em cada tratamento. A hipótese de que o B. subtilis possa atuar de forma eficaz no controle dos nematoides (R. reniformis e P. brachyurus) no cultivo do algodoeiro, avaliados neste estudo, foi confirmada. Foi também comprovado que o tratamento com B. subtilis equivaleu-se à eficiência de controle obtido com o uso do nematicida convencional. Os genótipos de algodoeiro responderam de forma diferente aos tratamentos efetuados para controle dos nematoides. O controle de nematoides e o desenvolvimento das plantas em função dos tratamentos efetuados foram mais significativos nos solos com maior infestação de nematoides.