Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006. / Title from file title page. Lisa Armistead, committee chair; Gregory Jurkovic, Sarah Cook, Marci Culley, committee members. Electronic text (67 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Jan. 9, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-67).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

M.A. / It is now well known that HIV/AIDS-sufferers face profound psychological, psychiatric and neurological sequelae as the disease progresses. However, studies indicate that women diagnosed with HIV-infection are twice more likely to be depressed, to suffer from PTSD and other psychiatric morbidity than men. Yet very few studies have attempted to investigate the role that gender plays in reacting to the illness. Finding out that one is HIV-infected is one of the most significant discoveries. This is due to the fact that in receiving an HIV-positive diagnosis individuals are exposed to news of prodigious personal consequence. And yet very few studies have focused on how the impact of finding out that one is HIV-positive may affect their adjustment to the illness. Moreover, how men and women are likely to react to such news. It is against this background that the current study was conducted. The aim of the current study was to compare post traumatic symptoms in men and women upon hearing news of their HIV-positive status and to investigate to what extent such reactions may be similar or different and to further assess how their reactions are likely to affect disease progression and adjustment. A total of one hundred participants (38 Male, 63 female) diagnosed with HIV/AIDS participated in the study. These men and women were obtained from support groups in the Gauteng region. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised and Mental Adjustment to HIV-Scale questionnaires were used to collect data over a period of a month. A large majority of 60.2% of the total sample (n = 87) reported experiencing feelings of shock upon hearing about their HIV-positive status, 66.0% of the total sample (n = 94) of those who responded to this item reported trying to remove the issue from their mind. A further 59.6% of the total sample of (n = 94) indicated feeling as though news about their HIV-positive status were not real suggesting that the incident was traumatic. There were no significant gender differences in how both men and women reacted to news of their HIV-positive diagnosis. However, significant differences were found in relation to adjustment. Men were found to be more likely to have more Fighting Spirit which is indicative of adaptive adjustment as compared to women. Women on the other hand were found to be more likely to be Hopeless which is indicative of maladaptive coping.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, 2013 / Pain is one of the most frequent and debilitating symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals. With Southern Africa being the region with the highest population of HIV-infected individuals, I set out to determine whether the pain intensity, prevalence and management strategies that have been reported in other, non-African, countries are similar to that in South African patients. South Africa has eleven official languages, with nine of those being native languages. Also, there is a high level of illiterate people in the country, thus, for better assessment of the pain I translated the Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire into five frequently spoken local languages. Using the translated questionnaires I investigated the prevalence, intensity and management of pain in ambulatory HIV-positive outpatients attending a metropolitan (n = 396) or rural (n = 125) clinic. I also assessed whether this pain changes over time in a subset of 92 metropolitan patients. Seventy-two percent of rural participants and 56% of metropolitan participants had pain at the time of the interview, and this pain was moderate to severe in intensity in 60% of affected rural participants and 59% of affected metropolitan participants. In the rural cohort, use of antiretroviral therapy was independently associated with the reduced risk of pain [prevalence ratio (95% CI): 0.7 (0.5-0.9)] while in the metropolitan cohort increasing age was weakly, but independently associated with having pain [prevalence ratio (95% CI): 1.01 (1.005-1.012)]. Pharmacological management of pain was poor, with 29% of rural participants and 55% of metropolitan participants with pain not receiving any treatment. Of those receiving treatment, no participants were receiving strong opioids, and only 3% of metropolitan participants were receiving a weak opioid. On a positive side, the pain that South African HIV-infected individuals endure decreases over time. Seventy-eight patients out of the subsample cohort consisting of 92 patients reported pain at the time of the first interview. Of the 78 patients who were in pain at visit 1, 48 were still in pain six months later with 36 of those not prescribed any form of analgesics. Thus I found a decrease in moderate and severe intensity pain to mild and moderate pain, respectively, from visit 1 to visit 2. Of the 78 patients that were in pain at visit 1, only 5% received some form of analgesic therapy. Forty-eight of the 78 patients were still in pain six months later, and of those, 25% were being prescribed some form of analgesics at visit 2. There were no changes in the pain-related interference over a six month period in patients who were in pain at visit 1 and visit 2. Therefore, as it has been reported previously for other developed and developing countries, pain in HIV-positive South Africans is common and is under-treated. Also, there are decreases in the pain intensity, pain prevalence, the number of pain sites over a period of six months. These decreases were evident in patients who were on HAART for the duration of six months as compared to those who were not on HAART for six month.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Lehigh University, 2000. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-100).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-141). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 2007. / A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

Thesis (M.A,)--George Mason University, 2008. / Vita: p. 69. Thesis director: Gregory Guagnano. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 28, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-68). Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2003. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-171).