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Thesis Title: The Effect of Kinesio Tape (KT) on the Muscle Activation of the Long Head of the Biceps in Baseball Players. Objective: KT is one of several treatment techniques in injury prevention and treatment for high demand movements, such as overhead throwing. The baseball throwing motion, or the overhead throwing motion, places tremendous stress on the shoulder where coordination of its subsequent musculature, such as the long head of the biceps, are crucial. As a result, injuries do occur. However, the acute effect of KT on the muscular activity of the LHB is not well known. The aim of this thesis is to verify that the application of KT to the skin located superficially to the Long Head of the Biceps increases its activity in the baseball throwing motion. Methods: The research sample included 21 active Czech Extraliga baseball players (21 male, aged 25.3 ±5.9 years, height 183.2 ±6.9 cm, weight 83.8 ±11.1 kg, years baseball of participation 17.1 ±6.5 years), which reported no current or recent shoulder pain or injury. The surface Electromyograph (sEMG) of the muscle activity from each subject was collected using a Bittium Biomonitor transmitter and receiver, model ME6000 (Bittium Inc. Oulu, Finland). There was recorded Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) activity of the Long Head...

Author: Bc. Denisa Hrdinová Title: The motion pattern of abduction in the shoulder joint in overhead throwing of softball Extraliga players Objectives:The aim of the thesis was to monitor and evaluate the difference in the sequence of tenses of muscle recruitment during the abduction in the shoulder joint between softball players and the general population, using surface electromyography (SEMG). A partial aim was to identify shortened muscle groups of the shoulder girdle and their influence on the timing of the abductors. Another partial aim was to evaluate the effect of shortened muscle groups on possible deficits in scapulohumeral rhythm of softball players. Methods: The experimental group (n=10) and the control group (n=10) with a total average age of 21.8 ± 1.81 (SD) participated in the kinesiological analysis with targeted examination of the shortened muscle groups and scapulohumeral rhythm. Followed by SEMG examination of muscle timing during abduction in the shoulder joint. Five muscles were monitored during 15 repetitions of motion at 70 bpm. The SEMG signal analysis was processed by rectification and smoothing in MyoResearch software by Noraxon v3.80 and statistical analysis performed in program Statistica 13.4. Results: 1. The difference in timing between the experimental and control...

Title: The evaluation of overarm throw in elementary school children using two selected methodologies Work objectives: The diploma thesis aim is to determine and assess the level of overarm throw technique in 1st and 2nd grade of elementary school using two different evaluation methods meda by Haywood and Getchell (2014) and Haibach, Reid and Collier (2011). The results of the evaluation of overarm throw by the methodology of Haywood and Getchell (2014) will then be compared with the results of the evaluation of the diploma theses created by Maryšková (2007) and Králová (2014). The sub-objective is to create an overview of the evaluation of product and process of overarm throw and to determine whether the methodology of evaluating the overarm throw according to Haibachová, Reid and Collier (2011) can be applied to children of elementary school in Czech conditions. Methodology: The study involved 70 probands, of which 35 boys and 35 girls, attending 1st and 2nd grade of elementary school. Monitoring the movement level of the overarm throw was realized by the method of participatory observation. Probands conducted three attempts in the defined area. Two digital video cameras were used for recording for more detailed analysis of motion using selected methodologies. The camera was statically placed to...

Title: Sports career biography of Imrich Bugár Objectives: The main aim of this paper is to evaluate and present a twenty-year long sports career of discus-thrower Imrich Bugár by the means of content analysis of newspaper articles published in the journal Czechoslovakian sport. Methods: Biographic research was used as one kind of a case study. The paper is divided into three main parts. The first part is concerned with the summary of all newspaper articles written during Bugár's sports career. I have statistically categorized the articles according to the criteria stated by Jan Volf in his diploma paper of 2007. The second part of the paper is concerned with information gained from Imrich Bugár personally, during a conducted interview. The third part shows a summary of Bugár's best achievements. Results: Based on the accessible materials, I have described and evaluated the sports career of Imrich Bugár. In total, I have evaluated n = 348 articles concerned with his sports career. The next part presents a commented evaluation of the conducted interview with Imrich Bugár. When categorization of the articles is taken into account, most articles about the course of Bugár's career are of an informative character and describe his participation in competitions. Imrich Bugár participated in n = 433...

This thesis deals with the influence of hod dip galvanizing on properties of high-strenght steel. Galvanizing adversely affects the mechanical properties of high-strenght steel. This paper also examines the influence of hod dip galvanizing at hardness high-strenght steels. The task is to assess how the yield stress can galvanize steel.

The aim of this research project is to investigate the roles and responsibilities of foundation phase heads of departments (HoDs) in the Mpumalanga Province in South Africa. A quantitative research approach was used to assess the perceptions of the foundation phase HoDs. Questionnaires were distributed to 274 foundation phase HoDs in Mpumalanga and SPSS 20 was used to analyse the data. The findings show that HoDs perceive that they are overworked, whereas in reality, the amount of time they spend in school is not as expected in the Personnel Administrative Measures (PAM) document. It emerged that most educators leave school earlier than normal and thus experience a lack of time for supervision and administration, which then becomes a stress factor in the completion of their roles and responsibilities. Twenty two percent of the respondents indicated that they are not familiar with the HoD duties as outlined in the PAM document. Furthermore, the study uncovered issues such as lack of support and training for HoDs, the role of parents as motivators in terms of learner achievement, and the importance of evaluating and developing teachers to provide quality education in the 21st century. This research project utilises instructional leadership as a conceptual framework and maps out the roles and responsibilities of the HoD as outlined in the PAM document. Due to the low Annual National Assessment (ANA) results in literacy and numeracy, the research focuses on the challenges that HoDs in the foundation phase face regarding fulfilling their roles and responsibilities towards ensuring a quality education. On Tuesday 28 June 2011, the Minister of Basic Education, Angie Motshekga, revealed the results of the February 2011 ANA. In excess of 6.5 million learners from Grades 2 to 7 and a sample of G10s wrote tests in literacy/language and numeracy/mathematics. According to the statistics released by the Department of Basic Education (DBE), the average mark for literacy for G3 learners was a mere 35%. Grade 3 learners scored an average of 28% in numeracy. Amongst the Grade 3 learners, the Western Cape performed the best in both literacy and numeracy with 43% for literacy and 36% for numeracy. In Mpumalanga, Grade 3 learners scored 27% in literacy and only managed to score 19% for numeracy (DBE Report 40). If learners can’t read, write, spell and calculate at Grade 3 level, surely there is something wrong. Where are the foundation phase managers and how do they spend their time? Internationally, teachers responsible for supervising Grade R-3 are called middle managers. In South Africa, middle managers are called heads of departments (HoDs). The duties and roles of middle managers (or HoDs) in the foundation phase might be the cause of poor performance of learners in numeracy and literacy, due to insufficient support being provided to educators and learners. The role of HoDs in schools is not widely understood (Turner, 1996; Blandford, 1997; McLendon&Crowther, 1998). As a consequence, the literature relating to their role and functions is sparse. What is apparent, however, is the dual role that HoDs play, namely an administrative role within the school, as well as a teaching responsibility. A great deal of the work in managing the teaching-learning process operates at the middle management level in schools. However, management development often occurs at the senior management level, and HoDs remain the forgotten tier in schools. HoDs co-ordinate all educational activities between the top management of the school and the educators. Gold (1998:1) describes the role of HoDs as the most exciting and probably the most influential position in a well-organised school. Given the dual roles of HoDs, it is evident that they are exposed to a dilemma in executing duties carrying competing demands namely managing a department and being a class teacher at the same time (Blandford, 1997:13). This dual role becomes a particular challenge in the foundation phase, depending on the type of school, e.g. private school, former model C school, township or rural schools (which normally fall under Quintile 1-3), and lastly farm schools. It is challenging, especially in township and farm schools, to manage teaching, supervise educators, ensure learners cooperate positively in a class, and to be responsible for all the classes in a phase, including the own HOD’s class. Educators are experiencing overcrowding in their classrooms and schools are under staffed. A thorough study needed to be conducted to ensure that HoDs in the foundation phase are operating as effectively as those in the intermediate, senior and FET phases. It is critical to formulate strategies to ensure that learners progress positively in the foundation phase, especially in terms of their literacy and numeracy. HoDs must be able to perform their roles and responsibilities to ensure that learners can read and write at Grade 3 level. The PAM document clearly spells out the roles and responsibilities of the HoD; however when an HoD has 90% of their time allocated for teaching, one wonders if it is fair to expect them to carry out their administrative role in the remaining 10% of their time. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Title: Stabilization training with sensorimotor tool Propriomed in handball Goal: The aim of our experiment was to evaluate an influence of short-term and long-term exercise with Propriomed on an accuracy of throwing ball in handball with taking speed of throwing into consideration. Methods: It was used an experiment to evaluate changes of throwing accuracy and speed depending on a specific intervention. Concretely interventions were an usual training unit without using Propriomed, an exercise unit with Propriomed and long-term exercising with Propriomed which lasted for a month. Measuring of values was always done before the beginning of training with participation of 11 probands. A radar gun named Stalker was used for measuring of speed throwing. Final values were processed in the programme Dartfish for an analysis of throwing accuracy. Results: Negative effect on throwing accuracy was found in the case of 7 probands because of exercise unit with Propriomed. In the case of 2 probands this intervention led to increase of accuracy and two probands were without an effect. Long-term intervention with Propriomed did not have a positive effect on throwing accuracy either. There was an exception of two probands with increasing accuracy after intervention. Both interventions had a positive effect on four...

<p>Cilj rada: Posmatrano je da li postoji povezanost kliničkih parametara, bihejvioralnih simptoma i postignuća na testovima kognitivnih funkcija sa karakteristikama hoda kod obolelih od Parkinsonove bolesti. Analizirana je i povezanost nalaza hiperehogenosti strukture substantia nigra dobijenog transkranijalnim parenhimskim ultrazvukom sa karakteristikama hoda.Materijal I metode: Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 60 obolelih od Parkinsonove bolesti (22 žene i 38 mu&scaron;karaca, sa trajanjem bolesti 5,06&plusmn;4,54 godina, ukupnim UPDRS 39,76&plusmn;36,65, UPDRS III 24,28&plusmn;15,18) koji su prema stadijumu bolesti po Hen i Jarovoj skali (H&amp;Y) podeljeni u tri podgrupe sa po 20 ispitanika: H&amp;Y 1, 2 i 3. Kontrolnu grupu činilo je 35 zdravih ispitanika (19 žena i 16 mu&scaron;karaca) koji se od grupe obolelih nisu razlikovali u pogledu godina starosti (oboleli 64,21&plusmn;6,92 godina, zdravi 63,45&plusmn;7,75, p=0,832) i godina obrazovanja (oboleli 12,63&plusmn;3,16 godina, zdravi 12,57&plusmn;2,87, p=0,954). Iz analize su isključeni ispitanici čiji je skor MMSE bio manji od 24. Procena težine motornih znakova Parkinsonove bolesti vr&scaron;ena je Unifikovanom skalom za kvantifikovanje Parkinsonove bolesti, treći deo (UPDRS III). Za globalnu procenu kognicije je kori&scaron;ćena Revidirana Adenbrukova kogntivna skala (ACE- R), a za procenu egzekutivnih funkcija su kori&scaron;ćeni baterija za procenu frontalnih funkcija (FAB) i Egzekutivni intervju (EXIT-25). Za evaluaciju depresije kori&scaron;ćene su Hamiltonova skala za procenu depresije (HAM- D) i Bekova skala depresivnosti (BDI II), za procenu anksioznosti Hamiltonova skala za procenu anksioznosti (HAM- A), a za procenu apatije Skala apatije (AS).Određivanje vremenskih i prostornih parametara hoda vr&scaron;eno je pomoću GAITRite sistema, tokom &bdquo;on&rdquo; perioda. Analizirano je osam parametara hoda: vreme dvokoraka (CT), dužina dvokoraka (SL), vreme zamaha (ST) i vreme dvostrukog oslonca (DS), kao i njihovi koeficijenti varijacija (CV). Posmatran je i uticaj dvostrukog zadatka na parametre hoda. Kao dodatni zadatak tokom hoda primenjen je kognitivni zadatak (oduzima -7 tokom hoda), motorni zadatak (nosi ča&scaron;u punu vode) i kombinovani zadatak (oduzima i nosi ča&scaron;u istovremeno). Veličina hiperehogenosti substantia nigra merena je transkranijalnim parenhimskim ultrazvukom. Rezultati: U poređenju sa zdravim vr&scaron;njacima, oboleli od Parkinsonove bolesti imali su značajno izraženiji varijabilitet koraka pri hodu bez zadatka (skraćen SL, povećan CVSL i CVCT, varijabilitet koraka bio je jo&scaron; izraženiji, dok je pri motornom zadatku postojala i značajna razlika DS i CVDS (p&lt;0,05), tj. parametara kojima se izražava ravnoteža koraka. U uslovima kombinovanog zadatka ove razlike su se potencirale. Parametri hoda (SL, VCSL, CVCT I CVST) minimalno su se razlikovali kod obolelih u najranijim stadijumima bolesti (H&amp;Y 1) u odnosu na zdrave, dok su razlike postajale izraženije kako je bolest bila u odmaklijim stadijumima (H&amp;Y 2 I H&amp;Y 3). U grupi zdravih starost ispitanika korelirala je sa varijabilitetom koraka jedino u uslovima dvostrukog zadatka. Kod obolelih ova povezanost je uočena i pri hodu bez zadatka, a povezanost je bila jača u uslovima dvostrukog zadatka. Starost ispitanika i težina motornih znakova na UPDRS III korelirali su sa parametrima hoda kod obolelih od PB. Skorovi apatije i depresivnosti korelirali su sa promenama parametara hoda kod obolelih, s tim &scaron;to je apatija bila prisutna već u najranijim, a depresija tek u kasnijim stadijumima bolesti. Niža postignuća na testovima egzekutivnih funkcija povezana su sa pogor&scaron;anjem svih parametara hoda. Sa pogor&scaron;anjem parametara hoda tokom trajanja bolesti koreliraju i niža postignuća na testovima jezičkih i vidno- prostornih funkcija, kao i deficit pamćenja. Veličina hiperehogenosti korelira sa CV svih parametara hoda. Zaključak: Kod obolelih od Parkinsonove bolesti značajno se razlikuju vremenski i prostorni parametri hoda u poređenju sa zdravim, pre svega oni kojima se opisuje varijabilitet koraka. Ovi parametri su izraženiji kada se tokom hoda obavlja i dodatni kognitivni zadatak. Kada se tokom hoda obavlja motorni ili kombinovani motorni i kognitivni zadatak, pored varijabiliteta koraka javlja se i značajno produžen DS koji ukazuje na poremećaj ravnoteže. Na parametre hoda utiču starost ispitanika, težina i stadijum Parkinsonove bolesti. Apatija i depresija takođe značajno utiču na parametre hoda kod obolelih. Apatija se javlja u najranijim, a depresivnost tek u kasnijim stadijumima bolesti, &scaron;to govori u prilog stanovi&scaron;ta da je apatija zaseban simptom bolesti povezan sa dopaminergičkom disfunkcijom. Pogor&scaron;anja parametara hoda koreliraju sa o&scaron;tećenjem kognitivnih funkcija, pre svega egzekutivnih. U odmaklim stadijumima bolesti sa pogor&scaron;anjem hoda povezana su i lo&scaron;ija postignuća na testovima vidno-prostornih funkcija i pamćenja. Hiperehogenost substantia nigra na transkranijalnom parenhimskom ultrazvuku, koja se značajno če&scaron;će javlja i značajno je veće povr&scaron;ine kod obolelih u odnosu na zdrave, korelira sa varijabilitetom koraka.</p> / <p>Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the contribution of clinical presentation, behavioral symptoms and cognitive functioning to gait characteristics in Parkinson&rsquo;s disease (PD). Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra on transcranial parenchimal ultrasound and its correlations with gait characteristics was also analyzed. Material and Methods: The experimental group consisted of 60 patients suffering from Parkinson&rsquo;s disease (22 women and 38 men, disease duration 5.06&plusmn;4.54, Unified Parkinson&#39;s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total 39.76&plusmn;36.65, and UPDRS III 24.28&plusmn;15.18), who were classified into three subgroups according to the Hoehn and Yahr (H&amp;Y) stage of the disease: H&amp;Y 1, H&amp;Y 2 and H&amp;Y 3, with each subgroup containing 20 patients. The control group included 35 healthy subjects (19 women and 16 men) who were matched for years of age (64.21&plusmn;6.92 years PD vs 63.45&plusmn;7.75 healthy; p= .832) and formal education (12.63&plusmn;3.16 years PD vs 12.57&plusmn;2.87 healthy, p= .954). The subjects with MMSE&lt;24 were concerned demented and excluded from further analysis. The disease severity was assessed by the UPDRS, motor part (UPDRS III). Addenbrooke&rsquo;s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) was used in assessment of global cognition, while executive functions were examined by Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and Executive Interview (EXIT-25) Hamilton&rsquo;s Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Beck&rsquo;s Depression Inventory (BDI II) were used to screen for symptoms of depression, and the Apathy Scale (AS) and Hamilton&rsquo;s Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM- A) were used to assess apathy and anxiety. The measurements of spatial and temporal parameters of gait were performed using the GAITRite system, during the &ldquo;on&rdquo; state. The following eight parameters were analyzed: Cycle Time (CT), Stride Length (SL), Swing Time (ST) and Double Support Time (DS), as well as their coefficients of variation (CV). The impact of dual task on gait parameters was also observed. The subjects were asked to walk and simultaneously perform cognitive task (subtracting -7), then motor task (carrying a glass of water) and eventually combined task (subtracting and carrying a glass of water), while walking on the GAITRite electronic pathway. Transcranial parenchymal ultrasound was used to measure hyperechogenicity of substantia nigra. Results: Compared to healthy controls, PD patients had significantly higher gait variability during gait without additional tasks (decreased SL, increased CVSL and CVCT; p&lt; .05), whereas with a cognitive task the variability was even higher. During the motor task DS and CVDS were significantly increased as well, implying gait instability. A combined task had similar effects as the motor task, affecting all parameters. When the experimental group was divided into subgroups, variability of gait (SL, VCSL, CVCTandCVST) was minor in subgroup H&amp;Y 1, but more pronounced in later stages (H&amp;Y 2 and H&amp;Y 3). The age correlated with gait variability (CVCT and CVSL) only during the dual task in healthy subjects, whereas in PD patients the association was significant during normal gait and increased on the dual task. The age and severity of the disease on the UPDRS III also correlated with gait parameters. Apathy and depression were also associated with gait variability. Symptoms of apathy were significant in the earliest stages (H&amp;Y 1), whereas depression was notable in the later stages (H&amp;Y 3). Worse scores on tests of executive functions correlated with impairment of gait parameters. The impact of diminished language, visuo-spatial and memory functions on gait was also significant. Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra on transcranial parenchymal ultrasound occurred more frequently and was larger in PD patients and correlated well with gait variability. Conclusion: There is a significant impairment of temporal and spatial gait parameters in PD patients compared to healthy subjects, particularly the parameters of gait variability. These parameters become even more impaired during a simultaneous cognitive task. When a motor or combined task is performed, there is additional increase of DS, implying impairment of stability. Also, age and disease severity affect gait in PD patients. Apathy is significant in early stages (H&amp;Y 1) and depression in later stages (H&amp;Y 3), the finding which may be explained by the dopaminergic origin of apathy. Impairment of cognitive functions, most importantly executive dysfunction, are also associated with gait variability. Lower scores at visuo-spatial, language and memory tests are associated with worsened gait parameters of gait in later stages of PD. Finally, hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra on transcranial parenchymal sonography, which occurs more frequently and is larger in PD patients, correlates with gait variability.</p>

In the present work we deal with the problem of etremal value of time series, especially of maxima. We study times and values of maximum by an approach of point process and we model distribution of extremal values by statistical methods. We estimate parameters of distribution using different methods, namely graphical methods of data analysis and subsequently we test the estimated distribution by tests of goodness of fit. We study the stationary case and also the cases with a trend. In connection with distribution of excesess and exceedances over a threshold we deal with generalized Pareto distribution.