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Bakgrund: Antalet personer med demenssjukdom i Sverige beräknas uppgå till 150 000. Utav dessa vårdas 55 procent i hemmet av anhöriga. De anhörigas roll och funktion som vårdare i hemmet blir alltmer centralt, då vård och omsorg flyttas från det offentliga rummet till det privata. Att träda in i rollen som anhörigvårdare förändrar livssituationen avsevärt och allt planeras kring demenssjukdomens villkor. Syfte: Att sammanställa och belysa forskning som beskriver hur de anhöriga upplever sin situation av att vårda en anhörig som drabbats av en demenssjukdom. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där fem kvantitativa och sex kvalitativa artiklar analyserats. Resultat: Artikelanalysen resulterade i tre teman:  en ny livssituation, förändrad relation och känslomässigt påfrestande. I resultatet framkom att anhöriga rapporterade ohälsa. Diskussion: Anhöriga är en utsatt grupp, som behöver mycket stöd för att de ska orka axla rollen som anhörigvårdare. För att de ska kunna ge den demenssjuke god vård, krävs ett samarbete mellan den anhörige och vården. Kunskapen i studien är användbar för sjuksköterskan och kan användas som ett verktyg för ökad förståelse i mötet med den anhörige. / Background: The numbers of people with dementia in Sweden are estimates at 150 000. Out of these 55 percent cared for a relative at home. The role and function as a caregiver in home are becoming more centralized, when health care move from the public sphere to private enter the role of careers changing life situation considerably and everything is planned around the dementia illness. Aim: To collate and illustrate research that describes how the relative experiences their situation of caring for a relative with dementia. Method: A literature survey in which five quantitative and six qualitative articles were analyzed. Results: Article analysis resulted in three headings: a new life situation, changes in relationships and emotional trying. The results revealed that caregivers reported illness. Discussion: Relatives are a vulnerable group in need of much support to maintain the role as a caregiver. To be able to provide the best dementia care requires a coperation between caregivers and health care. Knowledge in the study is useful for the nurse and can be used as a tool for better understanding of the meeting with the relative.

The purpose of this study is to give an insight in how home care givers with different ethnic background, other than European, experience their work as home care givers. It is a qualitative study based on interviews and observations of four different home care givers. Among the questions studied include; if ethnicity is a resource or not, how does it affect home care givers in doing their work? What importance does it have on the organisation as a home care entrepreneur? Has the home care entrepreneur a perspective of diversity? The results of the study have been analyzed with the help of symbolic interaction. The results have led us to conclude that the home care givers have a professional identity, which does not include an ethnic identity. Further more results indicate that ethnicity has a limited impact on the home care givers of non European origin that have not experienced discrimination. For the home care givers who earlier on in their carrier(s) have had experiences of discrimination, exist uncertainties, especially during their first visit in the homes. How the home care entrepreneur give guidelines to solving problems and conflicts between client and home care givers are of great significance.

As the population ages, older adults managing chronic conditions and associated functional impairments will turn to family members and friends to obtain assistive help as informal caregivers. Formal services are often commissioned to provide additional care to complex older adults, creating a network that requires effective information sharing and communication in order to provide optimal care. Unfortunately, important formal-informal care relationships are often not formed and care is not coordinated as effectively as possible. As we enter the information age, services that were once only offered within the community, such as banking and support groups, are now available online. Services now exist to facilitate care coordination for informal caregivers in a shared network of care. Using these tools may show additional benefit if service providers are invited to contribute. Although these tools are currently used by some service providers, there are barriers to gaining widespread user buy-in to this model of use. This study used focus group interviews to conduct a qualitative study on the potential to improve care using an online network to connect informal caregivers and service providers. Case managers, service providers, and informal caregivers were interviewed in order to determine perceptions towards an online network to facilitate communication between caregivers, as well as barriers to supporting online network use by service providers. Interview participants felt that online networks had the potential to improve care delivery through better communication and information sharing, specifically for complex clients who have larger, more complicated care networks. Barriers to the implementation of online networks included the perception that network use would be time-consuming, communication restrictions set by regulating bodies, and the potential for privacy, security, and information ownership issues. Additionally, logistical issues would need to be addressed before the network can be adopted by home care agencies. Widespread inclusion of service providers in online network services will hinge on support from informal caregivers, home care agencies, and regulating organizations. A future pilot study could explore the potential roles and impacts of using online networks to link formal care providers and informal caregivers.

Objective – Some of the most vulnerable children and youths in our country are those in out of home care, and these children demonstrate higher rates of psychopathology and fare more poorly in school and in social relationships than their peers. Typically, when studying at risk populations, negative outcomes are examined, thereby ignoring those who do well despite their vulnerability. These children, who demonstrate positive patterns of functioning and development despite their exposure to adversity, are considered resilient. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with a resilient outcome among children and youths in out of home care. Method – The study sample was comprised of 417 children 10 to 15 years old in Ontario who had been removed from their homes of origin and placed in out of home care. Predictor variables were selected based on previous research findings in the area of resilient outcome. In the cross-sectional study, a series of sequential logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with a resilient outcome among children in out of home care. These children were then followed one year later. In the longitudinal study, another series of sequential logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables that were related to future resilient outcomes among the same children in out of home care. Results – The findings showed that many of the independent variables predicted resilient outcome on the different dimensions. Furthermore, overall resilient outcome was best predicted by the foster parental report of high sociability. Conclusion – The findings in the present study confirmed that there exists a subset of resilient children among children in out of home care. The findings allowed for the identification of some factors related to resilient outcome among this population. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

This research evaluated the importance of select competencies in the area of human behavior, important to home-based caregivers employed independently and/or within a service agency in the State of Alaska. Data were gathered from respondents working in home-based care (N=76), and from those working in a related field (N=38). Data were collected on a forty-three (43) item instrument, using a five-point Likert type scale. The instrument was validated by a consensus of panelists using the Delphi technique. The reliability of the instrument was determined to be +0.893, using the Hoyt-Stunkard method. Analysis of variance tests were completed for each of the forty-three (43) competencies and for two work status characteristics to determine differences between responses of those working in home-based care and those working in a related field. Factor analysis, using the R-mode, provided for clustering of competencies and constituted the major analysis procedure for the study. The purpose of the study was to provide curriculum planning direction for postsecondary training in human behavior-related competencies for home-based caregivers. The results of the study indicated the presence of five (5) clusters of content considered basic to training curriculum for all home-based caregivers. The clusters included: One Family systems (8 competencies); Two - Nutrition and food management (6 competencies); Three - Human development (13 competencies); Four Home safety and accessibility (9 competencies); and Five Organization and interpersonal skills (8 competencies). Overall competency means ranged from 2.986 to 4.522. Significance tests showed thirteen (13) rejected hypotheses for the forty-three (43) competencies. The mean scores for twelve (12) of those rejected were slightly higher for those working in home-based care than for those working in a related field. The results of the study present direction for postsecondary vocational curriculum development in human behavior-related competencies important to home-based caregivers. / Graduation date: 1993

Objective – Some of the most vulnerable children and youths in our country are those in out of home care, and these children demonstrate higher rates of psychopathology and fare more poorly in school and in social relationships than their peers. Typically, when studying at risk populations, negative outcomes are examined, thereby ignoring those who do well despite their vulnerability. These children, who demonstrate positive patterns of functioning and development despite their exposure to adversity, are considered resilient. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with a resilient outcome among children and youths in out of home care. Method – The study sample was comprised of 417 children 10 to 15 years old in Ontario who had been removed from their homes of origin and placed in out of home care. Predictor variables were selected based on previous research findings in the area of resilient outcome. In the cross-sectional study, a series of sequential logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with a resilient outcome among children in out of home care. These children were then followed one year later. In the longitudinal study, another series of sequential logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables that were related to future resilient outcomes among the same children in out of home care. Results – The findings showed that many of the independent variables predicted resilient outcome on the different dimensions. Furthermore, overall resilient outcome was best predicted by the foster parental report of high sociability. Conclusion – The findings in the present study confirmed that there exists a subset of resilient children among children in out of home care. The findings allowed for the identification of some factors related to resilient outcome among this population. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Antalet personer med demenssjukdom i Sverige beräknas uppgå till 150 000. Utav dessa vårdas 55 procent i hemmet av anhöriga. De anhörigas roll och funktion som vårdare i hemmet blir alltmer centralt, då vård och omsorg flyttas från det offentliga rummet till det privata. Att träda in i rollen som anhörigvårdare förändrar livssituationen avsevärt och allt planeras kring demenssjukdomens villkor. <strong>Syfte:</strong> Att sammanställa och belysa forskning som beskriver hur de anhöriga upplever sin situation av att vårda en anhörig som drabbats av en demenssjukdom. <strong>Metod:</strong> En litteraturöversikt där fem kvantitativa och sex kvalitativa artiklar analyserats. <strong>Resultat:</strong> Artikelanalysen resulterade i tre teman:  <em>en ny livssituation, förändrad relation och känslomässigt påfrestande.</em> I resultatet framkom att anhöriga rapporterade ohälsa. <strong>Diskussion:</strong> Anhöriga är en utsatt grupp, som behöver mycket stöd för att de ska orka axla rollen som anhörigvårdare. För att de ska kunna ge den demenssjuke god vård, krävs ett samarbete mellan den anhörige och vården. Kunskapen i studien är användbar för sjuksköterskan och kan användas som ett verktyg för ökad förståelse i mötet med den anhörige.</p> / <p><strong>Background:</strong> The numbers of people with dementia in Sweden are estimates at 150 000. Out of these 55 percent cared for a relative at home. The role and function as a caregiver in home are becoming more centralized, when health care move from the public sphere to private enter the role of careers changing life situation considerably and everything is planned around the dementia illness. <strong>Aim:</strong> To collate and illustrate research that describes how the relative experiences their situation of caring for a relative with dementia. <strong>Method:</strong> A literature survey in which five quantitative and six qualitative articles were analyzed. <strong>Results:</strong> Article analysis resulted in three headings: <em>a new life situation, <em>changes in relationships and <em>emotional trying. </em></em></em>The results revealed that caregivers reported illness. <strong>Discussion:</strong> Relatives are a vulnerable group in need of much support to maintain the role as a caregiver. To be able to provide the best dementia care requires a coperation between caregivers and health care. Knowledge in the study is useful for the nurse and can be used as a tool for better understanding of the meeting with the relative.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Open University. / A book by the author, "Talking about care", based on her thesis, is also available.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Texas at Arlington, 2009.