Poems inscribed on paintings combine poems and paintings closely together. They are artistic fusion of poetry and painting. A poem inscribed on a painting usually serves as a window to the painting to point out, bring about and deepen the meaning of the painting. Hence, poems inscribed on paintings characterize themselves as overlapping the boundaries between literature, painting, landscape poetry and landscape painting. A poem inscribed on a painting not only displays the form of landscape through the painting but also expresses the meaning of the painting and reflects the poet's mind as well. The combination of landscape poetry and landscape painting reached the summit in the Yuan Dynasty when lots of poems inscribed on paintings emerged to express the art of painting through the art of poetry. Further combination of poetry and painting first appeared in the works of HUANG, Kung-wang, who was a famous poet and painter in the Yuan Dynasty. Among the "Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty", HUANG enjoyed the highest achievements in art and remarkable accomplishment in the creation of poems inscribed on landscape paintings, which exerted an enlightening, deep and long-term influence on the art and literature of the successive Ming and Ching Dynasties. HUANG, Kung-wang's poems inscribed on paintings can be divided into two categories - "poems inscribed on others' paintings" and "poems inscribed on his own paintings". The former represents the poet's (HUANG, Kung-wang's) perception and appreciation of a painting through his own cultural discipline and aesthetic taste and the subsequent creation of a poem to bring about the meaning of the painting. The latter provides the background of his (HUANG, Kung-wang's) creation of poems and gives hints to the inner implications of his paintings and his ideas and appreciation of painting, aiming to achieve the state of "perfect fusion of poetry and painting" through poetry-painting interaction. So, whether "poems inscribed on others' paintings" or "poems inscribed on his own paintings", the poet (HUANG, Kung-wang) have successfully introduced readers to painting and showed them how to enjoy the fun and meaning behind painting. Poems inscribed on landscape paintings use paintings as materials, so the existence of landscape images embodies a visual space. However, the creation of both poetry and painting most addresses the link between, or rather, the fusion of scenery and emotion. As a result, while appreciating a painting with a poem inscribed on it, we had better not limit our view to forms and structures. In stead, HUANG, Kung-wang's approach of appreciating a painting is much recommended. With excellent mental training and great imagination, the scenery of mountains, rivers, clouds, villages, pavilions, or even a blank space on the painting could turn out to be an entire season, life, nature or universe for the mind to enjoy eternally. Besides, HUANG, Kung-wang's poems inscribed on landscape paintings particularly emphasize mental growth and pursuits. It is believed that reading, religious discipline, reclusion, travel and personal integrity can help improve the level of art and literature creation. HUANG, Kung-wang had never learned painting until he was 50. His case is a good example of the Chinese saying, "A great vessel will be long in completion; a great man will take time to shape and mature." In terms of Chinese painting, it means that only through multiple training and discipline can an artist demonstrate a unique style.

'none'

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 92 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76).

Chinese art songs—which are derived from over four thousand years of Chinese culture and combine unique Chinese literary and musical flavors with Western compositional techniques—remain largely unknown in the Western world. Chinese art song, a treasure of a genre, deserves more attention from Western singers and scholars. With a population of 1.41 billion, China has the largest potential market for bel canto singing. Not only will studying Chinese art songs enrich a singer's worldview and repertoire choices, doing so will also be advantageous when singing internationally. In order to assist non-Chinese-speaking singers overcome the difficult language barrier that often prevents them from studying Chinese art songs, I have chosen six songs by the renowned early twentieth century Chinese composer, Huang Zi (1904–1938) to analyze. Although he remains virtually unknown in the Western scholarly world, Huang's Chinese art songs, which include both ancient and contemporary Chinese poetry as well as Chinese and Western musical characteristics, are representative of this genre. By analyzing the poetry and musical settings of six Chinese art songs by Huang Zi, providing pronunciation instructions for Mandarin Chinese, word-for-word and poetic translations, practical International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcriptions from the Pinyin system, and creating an interpretive guide of these songs, this project aims to help singers worldwide to prepare and perform Chinese art songs in a more expressive and authentic way. Taking this project as the first step, singers and scholars worldwide will be able to study and research more Chinese art songs and explore a new artistic world.

This dissertation examines the contributions of the early twentieth-century Chinese composer Huang Zi to the genre of Chinese art songs. It discusses how he combined Western compositional techniques with traditional Chinese music and ancient or contemporary Chinese poetry, focusing on his works 花非花 Flowers in the Mist, 点绛唇, 赋登楼 Ode to Ascending the Tower, 思乡 Missing Homelands, and 春思曲 Spring Nostalgia. Huang's songs, which created a bridge between East and West, are still significant today in China and deserve performance in the West, too. Translations and a phonetic guide to the four songs are provided so that Western singers have the tools they need to perform these songs.

Magnetic resonance imaging of neuronal activity is one of the most promising techniques in modern psychiatric research. While clear functional links with phenotypic variables have been established and detailed networks of activity robustly identified, fMRI scans have not yet yielded the robust biomarkers of psychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, which would allow for their use as a clinical diagnostic tool. One possible explanation for the lack of such results is that neural activity is highly non- stationary, whereas most analysis techniques assume that signal properties remain relatively static over time. Time-frequency analysis is a family of analytic techniques which do not assume that data is stationary, and thus is well suited to the analysis of neural time series. Resting state fMRI scans from a publicly available dataset were decomposed using the Wavelet transform and Hilbert Huang Transform, techniques from time-frequency analysis. The results of these processes were then used as the basis for calculating several properties of the fMRI signal within each voxel. The wavelet transform, a simpler technique, generated measures which showed broad differences between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls but failed to reach statistical significance in the vast majority of situations. The Hilbert Huang transform, in contrast, showed significant increases in certain measures throughout areas associated with sensory processing, dysfunction in which is a symptom of schizophrenia. These results support the use of analysis techniques able to capture the nonstationarities in neural data and encourages the use of such techniques to explore the nature of the neural differences in psychiatric disorders.

abstract: This thesis intends to cover the experimental investigation of the propagation of laser-generated optoacoustic waves in structural materials and how they can be utilized for damage detection. Firstly, a system for scanning a rectangular patch on the sample is designed. This is achieved with the help of xy stages which are connected to the laser head and allow it to move on a plane. Next, a parametric study was designed to determine the optimum testing parameters of the laser. The parameters so selected were then used in a series of tests which helped in discerning how the Ultrasound Waves behave when damage is induced in the sample (in the form of addition of masses). The first test was of increasing the mases in the sample. The second test was a scan of a rectangular area of the sample with and without damage to find the effect of the added masses. Finally, the data collected in such a manner is processed with the help of the Hilbert-Huang transform to determine the time of arrival. The major benefits from this study are the fact that this is a Non-Destructive imaging technique and thus can be used as a new method for detection of defects and is fairly cheap as well. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2019

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal realizar uma investigação sobre técnicas de identificação e caracterização de não linearidades em dinâmica estrutural. Em particular, busca-se aplicar as transformadas de Hilbert e Hilbert-Huang na identificação e caracterização de um sistema estrutural composto de uma viga metálica em balanço com uma massa concentrada em sua extremidade livre e apresentando uma não linearidade cúbica. Este efeito não linear é obtido através de um fio metálico tracionado que é fixo à extremidade livre da viga em balanço. O sistema é modelado através de ferramentas analíticas convencionais e o modelo do sistema é usado em simulações numéricas. Ensaios experimentais de vibração livre são realizados e os sinais medidos são usados como dados de entradas nas transformadas afim de se investigar o fenômeno não linear presente na estrutura. Os resultados simulados numéricamente apresentaram uma excelente correlação com os resultados experimentais no que se refere à identificação e caracterização do efeito não linear cubico presente no sistema. Algumas distorções entre resultados simulados e experimentais foram observados no que se refere à quantificação do parâmetro não linear, mas de forma geral, as técnicas empregadas produziram resultados bastante satisfatórios. / The major goal of this dissertation is to investigate currently available techniques to the identification and characterization of nonlinearities in structural dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the application of the Hilbert and Hilbert-Huang transforms in the nonlinearity identification and characterization process. For that purpose, a structural system composed of a steel cantilever beam carrying a lumped mass at its free end is used. The nonlinear effect is introduced by attaching the lumped mass to a thin steel wire that is positioned transversely to the beam\'s longitudinal axis. By varying the traction force on this wire different levels of nonlinearity can be observed on the beam\'s bending motion when it undergoes free vibrations. The system analytical model is obtained by employing standard modeling techniques and this model is used in numerical simulations. An experimental survey is carried out on an actual prototype in order to provide a comparison basis for the numerically simulated results. The output vibration signals resulting from either the numerical simulations and experimental tests are then used with the transform methods studied and the results are compared. A good correlation is observed between numerical and experimental data, what is a clear indication of the robustness of the Hilbert and Hilbert-Huang transforms.

Στα πλαίσια της διπλωματικής αυτής εργασίας στόχος μας είναι η εφαρμογή τεχνικών ψηφιακής επεξεργασίας σήματος σε γεωφυσικά σήματα και συγκεκριμένα κατά κύριο λόγο σε σήματα γεωηλεκτρικού δυναμικού μακράς διάρκειας και σε σήματα σεισμικών κυμάτων. Έχουμε εστιάσει την επεξεργασία μας στην διερεύνηση της εφαρμογής δυο τεχνικών επεξεργασίας ξεχωριστά και σε συνδυασμό. Η πρώτη αφορά την εκτίμηση της στιγμιαίας συχνότητας ενός σήματος μέσω του τελεστή Teager-Kaiser [Maragos_1991] στοχεύοντας σε μια εναλλακτική στα προβλήματα συμβιβασμού της διακριτικής ικανότητας, στην υπολογιστική πολυπλοκότητα, στην ανίχνευση αρνητικών συχνοτήτων και στην εμφάνιση cross-terms άλλων κλασικών μεθόδων. Η δεύτερη που είναι η Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) [Huang_1998] αφορά την ανάλυση των δεδομένων σε συνιστώσες AM-FM μορφής καθοδηγούμενη από τα δεδομένα, για την ανάδειξη χαρακτηριστικών δεδομένων μη-στάσιμων και μη-γραμμικών διαδικασιών. Ο συνδυασμός των μεθόδων είναι η εύρεση του συχνοτικού περιεχομένου ενός σήματος με την χρήση του τελεστή Teager- Kaiser από τις επιμέρους συνιστώσες που έχουν προκύψει με την μέθοδο (EMD) και ονομάζεται μετασχηματισμός Teager-Huang και αποτελεί μια εναλλακτική δυνατότητα στην εύρεση του φάσματος ενός σήματος. Στα επόμενα κεφάλαια περιγράφουμε τα υπό εξέταση σήματα, τους μηχανισμούς καταγραφής τους, μια ανασκόπηση των βασικών επεξεργασιών που έχουν υποστεί και την ανάλυση στην οποία υποβλήθηκαν στα πλαίσια της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας. Έτσι στο κεφάλαιο 2 παρουσιάζουμε τα υπό ανάλυση σήματα, αναφέροντας τις διαδικασίες με τις οποίες προκύπτουν και τις διατάξεις μέτρησής τους. Στο κεφάλαιο 3 κάνουμε μια ανασκόπηση των τεχνικών επεξεργασίας των σημάτων γεωηλεκτρικού δυναμικού μέχρι σήμερα. Στα κεφάλαια 4, 5 και 6 αναφέρουμε το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο, την πειραματική διαδικασία επεξεργασίας που ακολουθήθηκε και τα συμπεράσματα με την εφαρμογή του τελεστή Teager, της μεθόδου EMD και του μετασχηματισμού Teager-Huang αντίστοιχα που αποτελούν πρωτότυπη εφαρμογή στον χώρο των γεωφυσικών σημάτων. Στο κεφάλαιο 7 αναφερόμαστε σε επεξεργασία που έχει γίνει υποβοηθητικά ή συμπληρωματικά της επεξεργασίας των προηγούμενων κεφαλαίων. Για τα πειράματα των κεφαλαίων 4-7, αναφέρουμε το όνομα του script αρχείου που τα υλοποιεί εντός παρενθέσεων δίπλα στο όνομα του πειράματος. Ο σχετικός κώδικας μπορεί να βρεθεί στο συνοδευτικό CD της διπλωματικής εργασίας. Στο κεφάλαιο 8 καταλήγουμε με τα κύρια συμπεράσματα και ορισμένες κατευθύνσεις περαιτέρω επεξεργασίας ως επέκταση της τρέχουσας διπλωματικής. / This work concerns the study and implementation of the Teager-Kaiser Operator, the Empirical Mode Decomposition method, and the combination of them known as Teager-Huang transformation.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal realizar uma investigação sobre técnicas de identificação e caracterização de não linearidades em dinâmica estrutural. Em particular, busca-se aplicar as transformadas de Hilbert e Hilbert-Huang na identificação e caracterização de um sistema estrutural composto de uma viga metálica em balanço com uma massa concentrada em sua extremidade livre e apresentando uma não linearidade cúbica. Este efeito não linear é obtido através de um fio metálico tracionado que é fixo à extremidade livre da viga em balanço. O sistema é modelado através de ferramentas analíticas convencionais e o modelo do sistema é usado em simulações numéricas. Ensaios experimentais de vibração livre são realizados e os sinais medidos são usados como dados de entradas nas transformadas afim de se investigar o fenômeno não linear presente na estrutura. Os resultados simulados numéricamente apresentaram uma excelente correlação com os resultados experimentais no que se refere à identificação e caracterização do efeito não linear cubico presente no sistema. Algumas distorções entre resultados simulados e experimentais foram observados no que se refere à quantificação do parâmetro não linear, mas de forma geral, as técnicas empregadas produziram resultados bastante satisfatórios. / The major goal of this dissertation is to investigate currently available techniques to the identification and characterization of nonlinearities in structural dynamics. Particular attention is paid to the application of the Hilbert and Hilbert-Huang transforms in the nonlinearity identification and characterization process. For that purpose, a structural system composed of a steel cantilever beam carrying a lumped mass at its free end is used. The nonlinear effect is introduced by attaching the lumped mass to a thin steel wire that is positioned transversely to the beam\'s longitudinal axis. By varying the traction force on this wire different levels of nonlinearity can be observed on the beam\'s bending motion when it undergoes free vibrations. The system analytical model is obtained by employing standard modeling techniques and this model is used in numerical simulations. An experimental survey is carried out on an actual prototype in order to provide a comparison basis for the numerically simulated results. The output vibration signals resulting from either the numerical simulations and experimental tests are then used with the transform methods studied and the results are compared. A good correlation is observed between numerical and experimental data, what is a clear indication of the robustness of the Hilbert and Hilbert-Huang transforms.