I den här studien undersöks vilka aspekter av mobilapplikationer det är som får användare att uppleva misstro. Studien är framförallt kvalitativ och använder sig av dels en enkätundersökning och dels telefonintervjuer som datainsamlingsmetoder. Enkätundersökningen är en validering av en tidigare studie av Seckler, Heinz, Forde, & Opwis (2015) som genomfördes på användning av webbsidor, och undersöker om samma egenskaper som orsakar misstro i kontexten webbplatser även gör det i kontexten mobila gränssnitt. 76 personer deltog i enkätundersökningen och 5 personer deltog vid telefonintervjuerna. Resultatet i denna studie pekar på att egenskaperna Visual design, Demands, Privacy: collection, Usability, Privacy: secondary use, Implausbile promises och Pop-ups/ads är de vanligaste orsakerna till uppkomsten av misstro. Majoriteten av rapporterade misstrosincidenter skedde i samband med en mobilapplikation som användare hade använt 5 eller färre gånger. Slutligen svarade ett flertal användare att de aldrig tidigare hade upplevt misstro till en mobilapplikation, vilket kan vara värt att undersöka vidare i framtida studier.

This thesis aims to investigate how a new interface of the Maintenance Ground Support System (MGSS) can be designed with insight generated from combining the Activity Checklist with the Sequence Model. Through observation of an expert user, deficiencies and qualities of the system should be raised. The combination of the activity checklist and the sequence model generated fruitful insight over the deficiencies leading up to a troublesome event in the interface. A rich understanding generated of what led up to a certain activity and how that action could be improved. The activity checklist explains the users’ behavior and why they are. It provided beneficial knowledge over the whole operation in the system and not just one functions. The insight from these two methods set up a ground pillar for a solid design, where the deficiencies are improved and the qualities are isolated from an untroublesome event. With the knowledge from the analysis a prototype of a new interface was made in Microsoft Blend. The new interface was evaluated with surrogate users at Saab AB. Though the result was not significant the result showed a higher SUS-score and faster total mean time of the performing of the tasks. The result showed a trend with a better usability and can be generalized and interpret that it would be the same output with real end users.

At the core of this thesis lies the concept of triggers and how a trigger’s general purpose is to raise attention to something. We discuss the similarities of triggers, entry points, and affordances in terms of medium dependency and information value, and how they can co-exist. As a basis of our trigger discussion we consider active and passive attention along with the use of tools as triggers. A number of problems are identified in trigger use, including continuous or discrete triggers and information value. Finally, suggestions are made regarding the handling of triggers, entry points, and affordances from a designer’s point of view. We discuss and suggest that triggers and their contextual elements can be handled and designed on the basis of their type, information demand, cognitive congeniality, and characteristics. Key words: Trigger, entry point, affordance, cognitive congeniality, attention, task transformations, information demand, medium dependency, information value.

Orientador: Maria Cecilia Calani Baranauskas / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T14:54:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OliveiraJunior_JoaoAmancioGoncalvesde_M.pdf: 2684989 bytes, checksum: ca152f731ff422f4d3ed7f6393e12ea6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A Web é um grande repositório de informações, tendo se mostrado um meio democrático onde, usuário com conhecimentos mínimos em informática pode produzir e publicar páginas na Internet. Como manter as interfaces Web atraentes, simples e principalmente usáveis quando materiais sem qualidade, têm sido disponibilizados na Web? São necessárias freqüentes avaliações evitando problemas de usabilidade do Web site. Mas essas avaliações dependem de recursos que hoje ficam restritos às grandes empresas, devido ao custo de aplicações de técnicas de usabilidade. Para que o acesso a essas avaliações seja freqüente, as pequenas empresas dependem de métodos de baixo custo, e que possam ser aplicados por pessoas não especialistas em usabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver uma aplicação Web que promova a usabilidade das interfaces Web, o USEWEB. Seu uso é simples, facilmente aplicável por pessoa não especialista em usabilidade, contribuindo para oportunizar às pequenas empresas de avaliarem suas aplicações de forma eficiente, com baixos custos, combinando o questionário de satisfação e checklist como métodos de avaliação. Para verificar a aplicabilidade do USEWEB, foi realizado teste piloto no Portal ¿Todos Nós¿. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram a validade da proposta, mostrando-se eficiente na detecção de problemas de usabilidade com a aplicação dos métodos de avaliação / Abstract: The Web is a great repository of information, tends if shown a democratic way where, user with minimum knowledge in computation can produce and to publish pages in Internet. Has the web provided attractive, simple and useful web interface material with quality? Or even without quality? They are frequent necessary evaluations avoiding usability problems in the Web site. But those evaluations depend on resources nowadays are restricted to big companies, due to the high cost of the usage of usability techniques. So that the access the evaluations are frequent, the small companies depend on low cost methods, and that can be applied for people no expert in usability. The objective of this work is to develop an application Web to promote the usability of the interfaces Web, called USEWEB. Its usage is simple and easily understood even by people who are no experts in usability ¿ turning the USEWEB available for small companies to evaluate its usage in an efficient way and with low costs. That would combine the user¿s satisfaction questionnaire and the checklist as the evaluation methods.A test in the portal ¿Todos Nós¿ was taken to check out the usage of the USEWEB. The results confirmed the viability of the proposal proving to be an efficient way to detect problems of usability through the two evaluation methods / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência da Computação

This thesis considers the proposition that hypermedia may be employed effectively in higher education. More specifically, the question of its use by undergraduate music students to assist in writing essays and dissertations is investigated. The work begins with a review of general issues relating to educational hypermedia, such as its history, application, design and architecture. A user-centred approach to hypermedia development is advocated, and after critique and analysis of the literature, a framework for human-computer interaction for educational hypermedia is proposed. A case study is reported which serves to facilitate the undertaking of original research, as well as to evaluate the proposed framework. Other environments are also selected to carry out more generic research. Both reading strategies and writing strategies are investigated, and the results from these studies are used to conduct a repertory grid analysis of students' approaches to and perceptions of essay and dissertation development. The outcome of this experiment concludes with a proposal for a structural model of essay and dissertation development. Analysis of the model suggests the need for further survey analysis of taskartefact usage in specific educational domains, and experimental studies into electronic document manipulation and the reading of music from computer screens are investigated with respect to the case study environment. The implications of the research carried out in this thesis have assisted in and helped to justify the design of the prototype system HECTOR (Hypermedia, from Essay Conception TO Realisation). It aims to support students in their research, planning and writing of essays and dissertations. HECTOR has been evaluated in the field, and the results of this go some way to supporting the hypothesis of the thesis - that hypermedia can be employed effectively in higher education.

In recent years, researchers have begun to focus on the communication of information using sound. This auditory display research community now has its own community and international conference (the International Conference on Auditory Display). Auditory Display embraces many interesting avenues of enquiry, one of which, program auralisation is the topic of this thesis. This thesis describes how the technique of program auralisation (the mapping of computer program data and events to sound) was applied within a musical framework and .context in the development of a musical program auralisation system called CAITLIN (the Computer Audio Interface to Locate Incorrect Nonsense). The motivation behind the construction of CAITLIN was to devise a system of auditory display that would assist novice Pascal programmers in debugging their code. Prior to this thesis, almost no experimentation had been carried out into this area. Earlier systems had been developed, but there was no empirical evidence against which to judge success or failure. Experimentation was carried out to assess the suitability of the technique as applied by CAITLIN. Novice programmers were engaged in several debugging exercises both with and without the assistance of the CAITLIN musical program auralisations. The results from the experiments have suggested circumstances in which such auditory feedback may indeed be useful. Further development and experimentation needs to be carried out to explore the potential of the technique. A set of organising principles for the use of music in program auralisation has been proposed on the basis of this research and a review of earlier work in the auditory display, music cognition, and music-theoretic fields.

I denna uppsats har DiCoT (Distributed Cognition for Teamwork) tillämpats i ett tjänstedesignprojekt med syftet att ta fram en webbaserad kursdatabas på ett universitet. Uppsatsen består av tillämpningen av DiCoT i projektet, där datainsamlingen bestod av intervjuer med berörda intressenter. Detta resulterade i en nulägesanalys av tjänstens utformning. Utifrån visualiseringarna av DiCoT:s tre modeller (fysiska rummet, informationsflödet och nyckelartefakter) gavs förslag på hur kursdatabasen kan presentera information. Resultaten återkopplades med intressenter ur projektgruppen. Resultaten från återkopplingen visade att DiCoT fungerar som ett visualiseringsverktyg för att kommunicera ett kognitionsvetenskapligt perspektiv på en tjänst, men att fysiska rummet-modellen och informationsflödesmodellen kan sammanfogas för att skapa en mer holistisk bild av en tjänst.

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Denna studie replikerar Hutchins studie 1995 ”How a cockpit remember its speed”, för att undersöka skillnader och likheter i dagens cockpits. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på ifall dagens cockpit distribuerar kognitionen på samma sätt som förr det vill säga används till exempel fartbuggar och andra artefakter på liknande sätt. Samt att ta reda på om det har ändrats mycket hur detta då påverkar cockpit kommer ihåg hastighet inför landning. För att få reda på detta så har observationer gjorts i cockpit under landning. Sammanlagt så observerades sex landningar. Under dessa observationer intervjuades också piloterna om hur de hade beskrivit cockpits minne av hastigheter. Resultatet i studien visar att det finns mycket som fortfarande fungerar på liknande sätt som tidigare. Mycket har digitaliserats och man kan spekulera i att det ha minskat piloternas kognitiva belastning då de inte behöver utföra lika många handlingar som förr, medan andra saker är nästintill identiska med hur det såg tidigare.

Studien ämnar att testa ett nytt användningsområde för Narrative Clip. Syftet med studien var att undersöka potentiell nytta eller möjliga problem som användandet av Narrative Clip kan medföra till familjer som har barn med autism. För att undersöka detta har fyra familjer deltagit i studien, de har fått låna en kamera i två veckor. Under dessa två veckor fick deltagarna använda kameran på det sätt som passade deras behov. Efter att deltagarna använt kameran i två veckor genomfördes intervjuer med föräldrarna. Det kvalitativa materialet analyserades med hjälp av IPA för att finna deltagarnas upplevelse kring användandet utav kameran. Analysen resulterade i både många positiva men samt några negativa aspekter av att använda kameran som ett hjälpmedel.